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Relative Clauses Kyewon Lee  / Debora Relative Clauses Kyewon Lee  / Debora

Relative Clauses Kyewon Lee / Debora - PowerPoint Presentation

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Relative Clauses Kyewon Lee / Debora - PPT Presentation

Overview Basic form Different grammatical roles Subjective relatives Objective relatives Afterpreposition relatives Possessive relatives Basic meaning of relative pronouns Semantic amp Structural differences ID: 785955

man relative pronouns clauses relative man clauses pronouns relatives dog cat basic large work woman amp activity human differences

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Slide1

Relative Clauses

Kyewon Lee / Debora

Slide2

Overview

Basic form

Different grammatical roles

Subjective relatives

Objective relatives

After-preposition relatives

Possessive relatives

Basic meaning of relative pronouns

Semantic & Structural differences

End-weight

Slide3

Basic form

Main clause

+

Relative clause Antecedent Relative pronoun I’m talking about a book that doesn’t make me fall asleep. Adjective+noun a red apple Noun+relative clause a book that I need for school

Slide4

2) Different grammatical roles

Slide5

Subjective relative

Relative pronouns are used to replace

subjects

.

Who / Which / that 1a) Did you see the man? The man was here. 1b) Did you see the man who was here?

2a) Irene grabbed that chocolate

.

The chocolate

was on the table.

2b) Irene grabbed

the chocolate

that

was on the table

.

Slide6

Objective relative

Relative pronouns are used to replace

objects

.

Whom / Which / that / Ø (zero relatives)3c) * Did you enjoy the film which you saw it ?

3a) Did you enjoy

the film

? you

saw

t

he film

.

3b) Did you enjoy

the film

which

you saw

?

Slide7

After-preposition relatives

Relative pronouns are used to replace

noun after preposition

.

Whom / Which / that / Ø (zero relatives) 5a) Can I meet the person that you talked to? 5b) Mary knows that person Ø I talked to.

Prepositional

fronted

Prepositional

stranded

4a) Where is

the hotel

? You stayed in

the hotel

.

4b) Where is

the hotel

in which

you sta

y

ed?

Slide8

Possessive relatives

Relative pronouns are used to replace

noun after possessive marker

.

Whose / of Which6a) Have you ever lived in a house? Its roof was leaking.6b) Have you ever lived in a house whose roof was leaking?6c) Have you ever lived in a house? The roof of the house was leaking.

6d) Have you ever lived in a house the

foor

of which

was leaking?

Slide9

Summary Box - Uses of relative pronouns

Most

frequent

Least

frequent

SubjectrelativesObject

relatives

After-preposition

relatives

Possessive

relatives

fronted

stranded

who

Ø

(to) which

Ø … (to)

whose

that

that

(to) whom

that … (to)

of which

which

which

who … (to)

whom

which … (to)

Slide10

3) Basic meaning of relative pronouns

Slide11

3) Basic meanings of relative pronouns

Who/Whose/Whom - used for

human or human-like

antecedents

- often used for

general reference and classifying7a) Charlotte loves the man who lives next door7b) Jay is the woman whom the man next door wants to marry.7c) Dasule is a doctor whose help john can always count on.

Slide12

3) Basic meanings of relative pronouns

Which - used for

non-human or non-human like

antecedents

9) Miness hit

the car which cut her off.That/Ø - neutral (no differentiation required) 10a) Jay got a call from a company that wanted to hire her. 10b) Crystal met someone

(Ø) she knew in the subway.

Slide13

3) Basic meanings of relative pronouns

Where - reference to place

1

1

) Rachel wanted to go

home where she felt comfortable.When - reference to time 12) Sora thought back to her childhood when she was happy.Why - reference to reason 13) Bob wanted to know the reason why

June hit him.

Slide14

4)

semantic differences

& structural differences

Restricted clauses (‘defining’ relative clauses)

help to identify or classify the person or thing being talked about 14) Be kind to those who need you help. Non-restricted clauses (‘non-defining’ relative clauses)gives extra information but unnecessary about the antecedent 14)

My neighbor,

who

is an English teacher

,

plays very loud music.

comma - ‘ , ’

IMPORTANT!

Slide15

4)

semantic differences &

structural differences

Slide16

Medial position

S

ubject -

S

ubject The man has a cat. The man lives next door. 17) The man who lives next door has a cat.

S

ubject -

O

bject

The woman

has a large dog.

The man want to marry

the woman

.

18)

The woman

that

the man want to marry

has a large dog.

(Old) information

&

shorter

Slide17

Final position

O

bject -

S

ubject The man has a cat. A cat likes the large dog. 15) The man has a cat that likes the large dog.

O

bject -

O

bject

The woman has

a large dog

.

The cat likes

the large dog

.

16) The woman has

a large dog

that

the cat likes

.

New information

&

longer

Slide18

5) End-weight

Longer relative clauses in

final position

Who or which > that or Ø 19) They always make a huge breakfast which nobody ever wants to eat first thing on Christmas morning with a hangover.

20)

The movie

Ø

we saw

was really boring.

Slide19

Relative Clauses

Class activities

Slide20

Descriptions and Objectives.

Target Group

University students intermediate English for Specific Purposes'.

Aim

Building confidence in using relative clauses to describe goods, services, personnel and other real life work related situations.

ActivitySentence matchingOpen end role play describing people’s occupation.Writing activity

Slide21

Grammar in use

’ is an

example of

unauthentic class activity.

Slide22

Activity 1. Open Ended role play using role cards

Outline

Discuss with students to the topic occupation, using relative clauses by asking a few questions such as:

How would you describe a blue collar worker?

What's full time work?

Who is a consultant? What is a doctor do? These questions should elicit a number of responses with competent use of relative clauses. Make sure to rephrase student answers throughout using relative clauses to help inductively introduce the idea of relative clause use. For example: 1.Oh, full time work is a type of work which takes place for at least 40 hours a week.2. A consultant is someone who provides services and advice to a company on a contractual basis. etc.

Slide23

Pictures of different occupations

Slide24

Example

John is a doctor.

He works in the hospital.

He treats people.

->

John is a doctor who…………………………………..

Slide25

Activity 2. Matching Relative pronouns.

A

1

. A supervisor is a person

2. I have difficulties with bosses

3. Office Suite is a group of programs4. Success on the road can be assisted by the cloud5. The human resources director is the liaison6. Use the ratchet as a tool7. Internal office communications are handled by our company forum8.You'll find that Anita is a person9. I couldn't get my work done without Daren10. Taplist is an app

B

A

. can contact to resolve contract issues.

B

. can tighten a wide variety of nuts and bolts.

C

. Provides a friendly place to post questions, make comments and discuss issues.

D

. use to keep track of all my mileage, meals and other work expenses.

E

. allows me to access documents and other data from a wide range of devices.

F

. do not take my point of view into consideration.

G

. is willing to help with any problem you may have.

H

. assists me with day-to-day tasks.

I

. directs employees working in a team.

J

. is used for word processing, creating spreadsheets and presentations.

who which that

Slide26

Activity 3. Chain writing (Writing a funny story)

Instructions

Students will complete stories by passing on the paper to the next student and it will go around.

The last person to complete the story can read the story out loud.

->There was a boy

who _________________.