Presentations text content in Have Out Arab-Israeli map with your name on it
Slide1
Have Out
Arab-Israeli map with your name on it
Keep your video question sheet out once I hand it back
Slide2Chronology-Put the Following Events in Order
Six Day War
1
st
Arab-Israeli War
Holocaust
Camp David Accords
Balfour Declaration
Yom Kippur War
2
nd
Intafada
Oslo Peace Accords
Slide3Correct Order
Balfour Declaration 1917
Holocaust 1933-1945
1
st
Arab-Israeli War 1948
Six Day War 1967
Yom Kippur War 1973
Camp David Accords 1978
Oslo Peace Accords 1993
2
nd
Intafada
Slide4Arab - Israeli Conflict
Content:
Review key events contributing to the Arab-Israeli Conflict
Thinking Skills:
Assess information and draw conclusions
Key Questions:
Who is fighting?
Where are they fighting?
Why are they fighting?
Will there ever be peace?
Slide5Background
For centuries the Jews had been persecuted
Romans
destroy temples
Diaspora
Anti-Semitism
Pogroms
HolocaustGave rise to the Zionist MovementWanted to set up an independent Jewish state
Slide6Background
During the same time…
Ottoman Empire
controlled the Arab people (
Palestine)
Palestinian Arabs wanted
independence
Slide7World War I
McMahon-Hussein Correspondence (1915)
British promise independence of Arab states
After WWI…Victorious nations given areas to oversee
British Mandate
of
Palestine
Slide8World War I
Balfour Declaration
(1917)
letter from Great Britain that endorsed national Jewish state in Palestine
Jewish immigration increases --> Arabs protest
Slide9Holocaust
Entire world feels guilt
United Nations Partition Plan
(1947)
Offers to create a Jewish and Arab state in Palestine
1.2 million Arabs vs. 600,000 Jews
Jews accept (55% of land) - Arabs decline (45% of land)
No Arabs on the committee
Creation of Israel (David Ben-Gurion)What is the effect on the Palestinian Arabs?
Slide10Claims to Land
Israelis
Ancestors lived in area nearly 2000 years ago
Jerusalem home to most important Jewish site—Western Wall
Holocaust
Palestinians
Ancestors have been living in area nearly 2000 yearsJerusalem home to 3rd most important Muslim site-Dome of the Rock/Al-Aqsa MosqueRecent homeland
Slide11Israeli War for Independence (1948)
Israel attacked by Arab nations
Egypt, Jordan, Iraq, Syria, Lebanon
Israel wins war --> annex more territory
More Jews come to Israel (refugees)
More Palestinian Arabs look for refuge (500,000)
Set up camps
What were the conditions like in these camps?
Why didn’t they move on?
Slide12Palestinian refugees
This picture, dated 1948, shows a Palestinian refugee and her child separated from their home by the "green line" after the 1948 war. Hundreds of thousands of Palestinians were displaced because of the war and the creation of Israel. One of the most contentious issues in the ongoing Arab-Israeli crisis is the "right of return," the demand by Palestinians to return to land seized in 1948.
Why is the refugee problem so important to the conflict?
Slide13Perspectives on Partition and 1948 War
Israeli
Creates state of Israel
War of Independence
Holocaust and other periods of violence against Jews throughout the past centuries might not have happened if there was a Jewish Homeland
Palestinian
They had no input
Nabka
: “Catastrophe” Land set aside for Palestinians now under control of Arab countries or Israel
Slide141956 Suez Canal
Crisis (2
nd
Arab-Israeli War)
Egypt nationalizes the Suez Canal in 1956 and closed the Straits of Tiran to Israel, which blocked Israeli access to the Red Sea.
Israel attacks Egypt with later reinforcements from France and the United Kingdom
Ceasefire agreement and withdrawal of Israeli troops
United Nations Peacekeepers sent to maintain peace in the area
Slide15Six Day War (1967)
Rapid Israeli attack devastates Arab
armies (Egypt, Syria, and Jordan)
Israel wins -->
Sinai Peninsula, Gaza Strip, Golan Heights, West Bank
Slide16Map after 1967 War
Israel gains the following territory after the war
Sinai Peninsula
/
Gaza Strip
(from Egypt)
Golan Heights
(from Syria)
West Bank
(from Jordan)
Slide17Palestine Liberation Organization (1964)
Palestinian Arabs key to peace
Refugee camps
Wanted self rule
PLO use terrorism to get self rule / destroy Israel
1969 Yasser Arafat becomes leader
Israel forced to respond
Slide18UN Resolution 242 (1967)
UN condemns Israel for taking Arab territory and asks for Israel to return it
Israel refuses…cites security concerns
“Land for Peace”
Basis for future peace talks
Slide19Munich Olympics 1972
Eleven Israeli athletes murdered at Olympics by Palestinian gunmen
World is outraged by killings
Slide20Yom Kippur War (1973)
Egypt and Syria launched a surprise attack
Israel’s government, led by
Golda Meir
, was not fully prepared
Attained U.S. support
Cease-fire
*During war-Arab members of
OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries) declared an oil embargo to countries supporting Israel
Slide21Camp David Accords (1978)
Egyptian
President Sadat,
Israel
Prime Minister Begin, and
US
President Carter negotiated a peace treaty between Egypt and Israel in 1979
Return Sinai to EgyptEgypt recognized Israel
Slide22Slide23Slide24Sadat Assassination
Slide25Perspectives on Camp David Accords
Israeli
Shows that the country is willing to trade land it has conquered for peace
Palestinian
Egypt recognizes that Israel is a country and exists.
Sadat assassinated in 1981 by Muslim extremists
Jordan signs peace agreement with Israel in 1994.
Slide26Lebanon 1978 & 1982
Israel invades in an effort to stop PLO attacks
Expels PLO
Slide27Conflict
Israel surrounded by hostiles
Long history of conflict
West Bank / Gaza Strip
Jewish settlements created
1.7 Million Palestinians live under Israeli control
No power / no voice
Slide28Occupied
Territories and settlements:
Gaza Strip, West Bank, Golan Heights
Slide29Current Issue: Settlements
Israeli
For religious, political, and security reasons a large number Israeli settlements exist in the West Bank and East Jerusalem.
270,000 Israeli settlers in the West Bank
Palestinian
Israeli settlements go against the idea of a future Palestinian state.
Slide30Palestinian Intifada
-In 1987 Palestinians begin to violently protest Israeli rule over the West Bank
-Some Palestinians follow the PLO under
Yassir Arafat
-Some Palestinians follow Islamic organization…
Hammas
.
How are they different?
Slide311993 Oslo Peace Accord
Recognize each other
Israel agrees to PLO self-rule, regain control over some lost territories
PLO agrees to stop terrorism
Rabin and Arafat win Nobel Peace Prize
Slide32Rabin Assassination
Right wing Israeli activist assassinate Rabin.
Significance?
Slide33Since 2000
2000-a second Intifada
From 2000-June 2008
-Over 4500 Palestinians killed
-Over 1000 Israelis killed
Operation Defensive Shield
2004-Yasser Arafat died-Mahmoud Abbas takes over
Israeli P.M. Ariel Sharon decided that Israel would withdraw from Gaza and parts of West Bank (2005)
Hamas wins control of Palestinian Parliament 2006Border issues and air strikes followed
Attacks on Israel have increased since 2010 as Hamas tries to disrupt peace talks
Slide34The Continuing Arab-Israeli Conflict
In your groups of 4:
Review main themes of the current issues involved in the Arab-Israeli Conflict
2 from Palestinian Authority perspective
2 from Israeli perspective
Present:
The argument from your side to the
group. What are the main goals of your perspective
Debate: What should happen?
Why is a resolution so difficult?
Slide35Slide36Reflect…
How do
you
think the conflict should be resolved?
What prevents a resolution?
Slide37Slide38
Have Out Arab-Israeli map with your name on it
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