UKBRAZIL COLLABORATION IN AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH Rothamsted Research Stateoftheart worldclass scientific research to deliver knowledge innovation and new practices to increase agricultural productivity within sustainable systems ID: 775785
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Slide1
Rothamsted Research is the longest running agricultural research centre in the world, providing cutting-edge science and innovation for over 170 years.
UK-BRAZIL COLLABORATION IN AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
Slide2Rothamsted Research
State-of-the-art, world-class, scientific research:
to deliver knowledge, innovation and new practices to increase agricultural productivity within sustainable systems. ‘Sustainable intensification’: increased productivity from less land with less water with less energy with less emissions ~600 people (35+ nationalities, 65 students); 270+ publications per year; Budget: ~ £35 million per year
Slide3Agricultural science with impact
Discovery of numerous herbicides and insecticides
The world’s longest continuous experiment: 1843 to present day
Omega-3 oils produced in plants
Synthetic
pyrethroids
still account for more than 15% of pest control agents used worldwide.
Improved soil management techniques and policy reforms that could reduce agricultural greenhouse gas emissions in China by 60% by 2030.
Over 160,000 smallholders using Rothamsted companion cropping systems in Eastern Africa
Slide4Research Collaborations in Brazil
Embrapa
Collaborations with 13 different institutesUniversitiesPartnerships with 18 universities: vast majority in Sao Paulo State.
Why we collaborate
Strong UK-Brazil interactions in Industrial biotech and agriculture
Strength in developing & applying agricultural innovation
High-quality scientific partners
BBSRC strategic investment
What we work on
Soy, Maize, Wheat, Rice, Bioenergy, Livestock
Soil management & health
Environmental sciences
Crop protection
Yield
Nutrition & quality
Slide5Support mechanisms for UK-Brazil collaboration
Science without Borders: Brazilian scientific exchange scheme Embrapa: Labex at Rothamsted Research and IFREU: although significant decline in Brazilian involvement in H2020GCRF: hope for significant opportunities within ODA spendBBSRC: Partnering & Workshop awardsBBSRC/ Embrapa: Research projects on wheatBBSRC/ Newton Fund: Centres for Agricultural Nitrogen and Sustainable Agriculture BBSRC/ FAPESP: biannual call for projects; 14 projects since 2010
Slide6BBSRC-FAPESP (UK - Brazil) grant 2013-2017
Defining the genetic and semiochemical basis of tick resistance in cattle
André Sarria, Ph.D.
Biointeractions and Crop Protection
Rothamsted Research
Slide7Weight lossDecreased feed efficiencyAnaemiaSecondary infectionsDecreased milk productionMastitisDeath
Effects of Tick infestation in cattle
Slide8Traditionally, pesticides have been the main pest control strategy, but this approach has several issues:
High Cost;Environmental contamination;Resistance to insecticides.Apart from cost and logistical issues associated with treatment, in ticks for example the primary concern is the evolution acaricide resistance ticks, which occurs faster than development of new acaricides.
Are we right to trust the safety and quality of milk and meat?
New alternative methods are urgently required
Methods for controlling Ticks
Slide9Holstein - Friesian
Girolandos
Gir
Nelores
Brazilian cattle breeds
Slide10Highly resistant
Highly Susceptible
Resistant
Suscetible
We seek to understand the genetics and semiochemistry underlying these traits
This is similar to how some of us are attractive to mosquitos and some of us are not.
Tick resistance in Brazilian cattle
Slide11Chemical collection from
Girolandos
cattle
Slide12Holstein- Friesians
Nelore
Susceptible
Resistant
Trace of chemical compounds produced by the skin
Chemical analysis
Slide13Resistance compounds identified and synthesisedPrototype application of slow release repellent compound impregnated into a collar and tested on dogs showed reduction in tick infestation. Roslin institute have identified genetic traits underlying the resistance mechanism in Nelores cattleNext stepsField trials of repellent compounds and collars with cowsDevelopment of a commercial product, Introduction of genetic markers for resistance genes into cattle breeding programmes.
Conclusions and future work
Slide14Thank you
andre.sarria@rothamsted.ac.uk
simon.vaughan@rothamsted.ac.uk
Slide15Global Food Security: Challenges
Access to safe reliable, adequate and nutritious food
Population rising; novel political and economic pressures; increasing competition for land, water and energy
Decline in crop yield improvements
Long-term production growth is threatened by water and fertilizer scarcity, new diseases and Climate Change
Political instability directly linked to food production and prices.