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Group 5 Presentation Kevin Castro, Zachery Group 5 Presentation Kevin Castro, Zachery

Group 5 Presentation Kevin Castro, Zachery - PowerPoint Presentation

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Group 5 Presentation Kevin Castro, Zachery - PPT Presentation

Surbeck Jonathan Paez Jaclyn Koonce Cam Fetner Morgan Hicks Flaxseed Oil Background Belongs to the Linum family Linum usitatissimum which is Latin for very useful Also known as Linseed Oil ID: 798754

drugs maca aarp flax maca drugs flax aarp benefits oil www flaxseed npp org database amp herbal html dosage

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Presentation Transcript

Slide1

Group 5 Presentation

Kevin Castro, Zachery

Surbeck

, Jonathan Paez, Jaclyn Koonce, Cam Fetner, Morgan Hicks

Slide2

Flaxseed Oil

Slide3

BackgroundBelongs to the

Linum family, Linum usitatissimum which is Latin for "very useful"Also known as “Linseed Oil”. The Flax plant itself has been used as far back as 30,000BC where remains of Flax fabric fibers have been found. 

Groom Q (2014) The distribution of the vascular plants on the North Frisian Island, Amrum. Biodiversity Data Journal 2: e1108. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1108

Slide4

BackgroundTakes about 100 days to growDoesn’t require lots of water or maintenance. Flax was used in MANY ways:Plant made into clothing and ropeSeeds were ripened and used to make oil.Seeds and plant were also eaten for nutrition. Animal feed. 

Groom Q (2014) The distribution of the vascular plants on the North Frisian Island, Amrum. Biodiversity Data Journal 2: e1108. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1108

Slide5

Therapeutic Uses

Alternative to Fish OilDue to it containing ALA, a precursor to EPA and DHA.Relieves Constipation and DiarrheaFlaxseed oil lubricates the colon and contains fiberWeight Loss aidQuick emptying of colon through lubrication and fiber content.Anti-Cancer Complementary use with breast cancer therapy can effect estrogen receptor.

“6 Benefits of Flaxseed Oil - Plus How to Use It.” Healthline, Healthline Media, www.healthline.com/nutrition/flaxseed-oil-benefits#section1.

Slide6

Therapeutic Uses

Promotes Cardiovascular HealthOmega 3 fatty acids (from ALA) can help reduce blood pressure slightly and protect against clots.Helps lower CholesterolALA converts to EPA and DHA  in the body which are known to help lower triglycerides.Possible Anti-Inflammatory effectsThrough lignans found in flaxseed oil

“6 Benefits of Flaxseed Oil - Plus How to Use It.” Healthline, Healthline Media, www.healthline.com/nutrition/flaxseed-oil-benefits#section1.

Slide7

Therapeutic Uses

Slide8

Mechanism of ActionFlaxseed oil contains a high amount of Alpha Linolenic Acid (ALA),

lignans, and fiber.ALA is a precursor to EPA and DHA found in fish oil supplements and therefore is theorized to work in similar ways.In terms of antioxidants, Omega-3 fatty acids have been shown to suppress oxygen-free radicals from neutrophils and monocytes, as well as the production of interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor, and luekotriene B4. 

“Flax Uses, Benefits & Dosage - Drugs.com Herbal Database.” Drugs.com, Drugs.com, www.drugs.com/npp/flax.html. 

Slide9

Mechanism of ActionLignans

can act on estrogen receptors as either estrogen antagonists, or estrogen agonists (in postmenopausal women with low estradiol levels)Cancer protective mechanism is unknown.It may be due to antioxidant properties, effects on hormone metabolism, or the anti-angiogenic effect of lignans. 

“Flax Uses, Benefits & Dosage - Drugs.com Herbal Database.” Drugs.com, Drugs.com, www.drugs.com/npp/flax.html. 

Slide10

DosingDifferent doses have been used for different purposes. 

There isn't a set recommended dose, but the general recommendation is 1 to 2 capsules a day (each capsule is about 1 gram of flaxseed oil).Some people go up to 10 grams a day. “Flax Uses, Benefits & Dosage -

Drugs.com Herbal Database.” Drugs.com, Drugs.com, www.drugs.com/npp/flax.html. 

Slide11

Safety Concernsand Considerations

Do not use during pregnancy as it may cause mild hormonal side effects. No reliable information on whether it's safe to use while breastfeeding. Like other fiber supplements, should be taken with plenty of water to reduce chances of worsening constipation and in rare cases, intestinal blockage. 

However, the amount of fiber in flaxseed oil compared to flax is relatively low. “Flax Uses, Benefits & Dosage - Drugs.com Herbal Database.” Drugs.com, Drugs.com, www.drugs.com/npp/flax.html. 

Slide12

Safety Concernsand Considerations

Because of its phytoestrogen content, it may weakly interact with oral contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy.

“Flax Uses, Benefits & Dosage - Drugs.com Herbal Database.” Drugs.com, Drugs.com, www.drugs.com/npp/flax.html. 

Slide13

Adverse EffectsGenerally well tolerated.

The reported adverse effects have been associated with an allergy to flaxseed (type 1 hypersensitivity) These include pruritus, urticaria, nausea/vomiting, intestinal/abdominal pain, diarrhea, sneezing, nasal obstruction, and intense general malaise. 

“Flax Uses, Benefits & Dosage - Drugs.com Herbal Database.” Drugs.com, Drugs.com, www.drugs.com/npp/flax.html. 

Slide14

Drug InteractionsTheoretically flaxseed oil may potentiate the effects of anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents, NSAIDs, antihyperlipidemic agents, antihypertensive agents, and mood stabilizer agents; however, no clinical cases have been reported. 

Therefore, consider taking precautions in patients taking drugs like warfarin, statins, etc. 

“Flax Uses, Benefits & Dosage - Drugs.com Herbal Database.” Drugs.com, Drugs.com, www.drugs.com/npp/flax.html. 

Slide15

Maca

Slide16

Background

Maca

 (

Lepidium

meyenii

) is a plant that grows in central Peru in the high plateaus of the Andes Mountains, where it has been cultivated as a vegetable crop for at least 3000 years

Its root is used to make medicine, as it holds all of the active nutrients

Traditionally, it has been used to relieve stress, as an aphrodisiac and for fertility enhancement in both males and females

Axe, Josh. “The Best Natural Substance for Libido.” 

Dr. Axe

, 4 Jan. 2018,

draxe.com

/top-5-maca-root-benefits-and-nutrition/.

Slide17

Therapeutic Uses

Improves female sexual dysfunction

Early research shows taking

maca

twice daily for 12 weeks slightly improves sexual dysfunction in women taking antidepressants

Improves postmenopausal symptoms

Taking

maca

daily for 6 weeks slightly improves blood pressure and some aspects of mood, including depression and anxiety

Enhances male fertility 

Research shows that taking 

maca

 daily for 4 months increases semen and sperm count

Improves sexual desire in males

Research has shown that taking

maca

daily for 12 weeks can increase sexual desire in healthy men

Maca

.” 

Medline Plus Supplements

, Medline Plus,

medlineplus.gov

/

druginfo

/natural/555.html .

Slide18

Therapeutic Uses

Enhances mood, energy, and memory

Supports endocrine health

Often used as remedy for hypothyroidism

Enhances immune system

Antioxidant

Protects cell from oxidative stress and is capable of scavenging free radicals

Decreases cholesterol and triglyceride levels

Lowered VLDL, LDL, TC and TG levels in the plasma and liver of rats

Osteoporosis in menopausal women

Improved bone mass and restored trabecular network in lumbar vertebrae of rats

Prostatic hyperplasia

Red

maca

reduced ventral prostate size in rats

Has been used by the native people of the Andes as a remedy for anemia, tuberculosis and stomach cancer

Maca

.” 

Medline Plus Supplements

, Medline Plus,

medlineplus.gov

/

druginfo

/natural/555.html .

Slide19

Mechanism of Action

Dried

maca

root contains 59% carbohydrates, 10.2% protein, 8.5% fibers and 2.2% lipids including linolenic, palmitic and oleic acids

It contains sterols such as

campesterol

,

stigmasterol

and beta-sitosterol

Also has significant amounts of minerals including iron, calcium and copper

Glucosinolates

and

isothiocynates

have anticancer activity and may be responsible for some activity in

maca

; aromatic

isothiocynates

may be

asociated

with aphrodisiac activity

Phenols may be responsible for antioxidant activity

Lipid extracts of two polyunsaturated fatty acids,

macaene

and

macamide

, seem to increase sexual activity and correct ED in experimental animals

There is not enough information to know exactly how

maca

works

Maca

.” 

Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database

,

naturaldatabase.therapeuticresearch.com

/

nd

/

PrintVersion.aspx?id

=555%C2%A0.

Slide20

Dosing

Studies suggest

maca

in capsule form is safe in doses of 1,500 to 3,000 mg daily for up to four months

Root powder containing 2,800 mg of

maca

root mixed with 8 ounces of water is also used up to three times daily

Common dietary consumption in native populations is greater than 100 grams daily

“AARP's Health Tools.” 

AARP

,

healthtools.aarp.org

/

natstandardcontent

/

maca

/2%C2%A0.

Slide21

Safety Concerns and Considerations

Avoid if pregnant or breast-feeding. There is not enough reliable information to prove its safety. 

Avoid with any hormone-sensitive conditions such as breast, uterine and ovarian cancers, and endometriosis.

Maca

extracts might act like estrogen.

Maca

must be cooked before consumption, as it is very strong on the stomach lining and can cause severe digestive upset

“AARP's Health Tools.” 

AARP

,

healthtools.aarp.org

/

natstandardcontent

/

maca

/2%C2%A0.

Slide22

Adverse Effects

Studies in humans have only been performed on male subjects in which no side effects were noted. 

Consumption of large amounts may cause bloating and flatulence, while consuming fresh

maca

can cause stomach pain. 

Maca

may cause changes in sex hormones, although animal studies have demonstrated conflicting results.

Maca

root contains more than 50ug of iodine, which can worse the side effects of thyroid disease

Use can increase leukocytes and decrease PT/INR values in patients being monitored for anticoagulation therapy

May also lead to stimulation of the CNS

“AARP's Health Tools.” 

AARP

,

healthtools.aarp.org

/

natstandardcontent

/

maca

/2%C2%A0.

Slide23

Drug Interactions

Plants in the

Brassicaceae

family are often rich in Vitamin K. Therefore,

maca

can increase the risk of bleeding.

Caution when taking with aspirin, anticoagulants, anti-platelet drugs and NSAIDs

Maca

 can act as a stimulant and cause hypertension. Patients on HTN medications and other stimulants should consult their doctor before using

maca

.

Maca

 can alter the levels of sex hormones and may interfere with hormone replacement therapy or birth control pills

“AARP's Health Tools.” 

AARP

,

healthtools.aarp.org

/

natstandardcontent

/

maca

/2%C2%A0.

Slide24

Sourceshttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4152533/https://nccih.nih.gov/health/flaxseed/ataglance.htmhttps://www.drugs.com/npp/flax.htmlhttps://www.drugs.com/npp/maca.html https://draxe.com/top-5-maca-root-benefits-and-nutrition/http://healthtools.aarp.org/natstandardcontent/maca/2 http://healthtools.aarp.org/natstandardcontent/maca/3 http://naturaldatabase.therapeuticresearch.com/nd/PrintVersion.aspx?id=555