PPT-Stereochemistry

Dr Clower CHEM 2411 Spring 2014 McMurry 8 th ed sections 51512 75 Stereochemistry Branch of chemistry concerned with the 3D arrangement of atoms in molecules Stereoisomers Same molecular formula. Dihedral Angle for Ethane httpwww2chem ucalgarycaFlashethanehtml Torsional Strain strain increase in energy due to eclipsing groups eclipsed staggered Conformations of Propane brPage 3br Staggered conformations Energy vs Dihedral Angle for Propane D Conformational isomers can be shown using Newman Projections or Sawhorses Newman Projections The circle in the Newman projection represents the carboncarbon bond viewed one carbon in front of the other Bonds attached to the front carbon are shown by 8 . Slides. First, a little cell biology….. fig 19-1. The mitochondrion . (plural mitochondria). fig 19-1. Krebs cycle. features and. functions. …. fig 16-13. making citrate asymmetric. Stereochemistry of isocitrate production. 1 If two or more different compounds have the same molecular formula we call them isomers. This is the general definition of isomer. There are two major classes (types) of isomers, and under these maj Subunits (building blocks) of peptides and proteins. Neurotransmitters. Metabolic intermediates. glutamate. γ. -. aminobutyric. acid. (GABA). Proteins are synthesized from 20 ‘standard’ . α. -amino acids. Their names have 3- and 1-letter abbreviations.. Penny Commons. Brendan Abrahams. February STAV . Workshop. Copyright issues. We have replaced the images with their . urls. . Please just click on the . url. and copy the image into the PowerPoint. Any free images have been left in place.. What is the relationship between R,S and . d,l. aka (±)?. There isn’t any!. Interaction with plane polarized light. Nomenclature. All . Isomers . (same molecular formula). Identical. . Enantiomers. . H—. O. H. C. C. +. O. H. C. C. H. Acid-Catalyzed Hydration of Alkenes. reaction is acid catalyzed; typical hydration medium is 50% H. 2. SO. 4. -50% H. 2. O. Follows Markovnikov's Rule. H. ydrohalogenation. trans- vs. cis-. http://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/209cistrans.html. http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Textbook_Maps/General_Chemistry_Textbook_Maps/Map:_Ball_et_al._"The_Basics_of_GOB_Chemistry"/13:_Unsaturated_and_Aromatic_Hydrocarbons/13.2_Cis-Trans_Isomers_(Geometric_Isomers). 3.3: Chirality and stereoisomers. What is chiral?. Chiral objects . don’t have an internal plane of symmetry, aka a . mirror plane . of . symmetry.. When superimposed, chiral objects don’t overlap perfectly.. Chirality, Isomerism, & Stereoisomerism. Lecture No.. 1. What is the difference between an enantiomer and a diastereomer?. Enantiomers and diastereomers are two types of stereoisomers. Enantiomers include mirror images and non-superimposable chiral centers. Diastereomers contain non-superimposable chiral centers, but are not mirror images. Depending on the number of stereocenters, there could be far more than 2 compounds.. . Dr. Geeta Singh. Assistant Professor. Department of Chemistry. D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur. 1. . Introduction. Pinacol-Pinacolone Reaction. Mechanism of Pinacol-Pinacolone Reaction. Examples of Pinacol-Pinacolone Reaction. Asymmetric carbons. Stereoisomers. R,S nomenclature. Racemic mixtures. Fischer projection. Naming Monosaccharides. Named on the basis of. . Functional groups. Ketone carbonyl =. . ketose. Aldehyde carbonyl =. Chapter 5. 1. Isomerism. Isomers. . are different compounds that have the same molecular formula.. Constitutional isomers . are isomers that differ because their atoms are connected in a different order..