A training manual for trainers Who requires training For Doctors Administrators Nurses Technicians Ward boys and safai karmcharies Trainers Initially Hospital personnel Outside agency ID: 557391
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Slide1
Understanding and Simplifying Bio-medical Waste Management A training manual for trainers
Who requires training?
For:
Doctors
Administrators
Nurses
Technicians
Ward boys and
safai
karmchariesSlide2
Trainers
Initially
Hospital personnel
Outside agency
Ongoing training Hospital Infection Control Committee Medical Superintendent Nursing Supervisor Sanitary Supervisor
Understanding and Simplifying Bio-medical Waste Management
A training manual for trainersSlide3
Training sessions
Teaching
Discussion
Feedback
Ongoing training (once at the time of induction and thereafter once a year) Training module: Vernacular medium Easy to understand Include equipments and slides
Demonstration
Understanding and Simplifying Bio-medical Waste Management
A training manual for trainersSlide4
Training session one
Inputs from trainees:
About the present system
The need of managing waste Their role and interventionIntroducing concepts of waste managementUnderstanding and Simplifying Bio-medical Waste Management A training manual for trainersSlide5
Sensitisation
– the need for managing waste
Dangers to the patients
Many patients
immuno-compromisedDangers to the community Spread of infection through waste
Access of waste to the animals
Problems due to incinerators
Spread of infection through recycling trade
Understanding and Simplifying Bio-medical Waste Management
A training manual for trainersSlide6
Dangers to healthcare workers
Hours spent at the workplace
High rate of needle-stick injuries
Exposure to mercury/chemicals
Dangers due to improper spill handling Dangers due to on-site incinerators.Understanding and Simplifying Bio-medical Waste Management A training manual for trainersSlide7
What are sharps?
Anything capable of causing cuts and punctures:
Needles
Blades
Scalpels Lancets Sutures I.V. catheters GlassUnderstanding and Simplifying Bio-medical Waste Management
A training manual for trainersSlide8
Categories of staff exposed to needle-stick
Staff prone to
needle stick injuries
Relative % of injury
Staff nurses
34.6%
Interns
15.7%
Residents
11.7%
Practical nurses
8.5%
Technical staff
6%
Environmental workers
19%
Others
4.5%
Understanding and Simplifying Bio-medical Waste Management
A training manual for trainersSlide9
Incidents leading to pricks
Type of incident
%
Blood drawing
22.6
Garbage collection
12.5
Placing intravenous lines
11.3
Recapping
11
Needle disposal box
10.5
Administering medication
8.5
Neglected needle
4.8
Cleaning surgical equipment
2.8
Others
16
Understanding and Simplifying Bio-medical Waste Management
A training manual for trainersSlide10
Sero
-conversion following exposure
Pathogen
Sero
-conversion Time of rate conversion HIV 0.3% 6 months HBV
30
% 2-6 months
HCV 10% 7 weeks
Understanding and Simplifying Bio-medical Waste Management
A training manual for trainersSlide11
Mercury products in hospitals
Product Alternative
Thermometers Digital, expansion or aneroid
Sphygmomanometers Electronic vacuum gauge, expansion /aneroid
Esophageal Dilators, Products w/Miller Abbott & Cantor tubes Tungsten tubing Dental amalgams Gold, ceramic, porcelain
Understanding and Simplifying Bio-medical Waste Management
A training manual for trainersSlide12
Symptoms of mercury poisoning
Impairment of peripheral vision
Disturbance in sensations
Lack of coordination of movements
Impairment of speech or hearing Muscle weakness Skin rashes Mood swings, mental disturbance Abnormal brain development; impaired memory, attention and learning
Understanding and Simplifying Bio-medical Waste Management
A training manual for trainersSlide13
Mercury effects
Damage to the brain, the kidneys
and developing
foetus
. Effects on brain functioning may result in irritability, shyness, tremors, changes in vision or hearing, and memory problems. In addition, short-term exposure to high levels of
metallic mercury
vapours
may cause
effects including
lung damage, nausea,
vomiting, diarrhea
, increases in blood pressure or
heart rate
, skin rashes, and eye irritation.
Understanding and Simplifying Bio-medical Waste Management
A training manual for trainersSlide14
Where is
glutaraldehyde used?
Endoscopy units
Theatres ICU Labour wards Infection control Dental units
Understanding and Simplifying Bio-medical Waste Management
A training manual for trainersSlide15
Glutaraldehyde and you!
Irritates skin, eyes, throat and lungs, causes
sensitisation
of skin and respiratory tract Can cause allergic reaction, like asthma Skin sensitisation and contact dermatitis Headache, shortness of breath, chest pain, discomfort, cough and fatigue
Understanding and Simplifying Bio-medical Waste Management
A training manual for trainersSlide16
Cytotoxic
drugs
Ability to kill or arrest the growth of living cells
Used for treatment of cancerous cells
Harmful to normal cells specially the actively dividing cells Exposure happens mainly through inhalation of droplets or dusts. Can be absorbed through the skin, or by swallowing food/beverages contaminated with CDs. Risks for exposure are during the preparation and administration of the drugs, handling of body fluids from patients being treated with cytotoxic drugs
Understanding and Simplifying Bio-medical Waste Management
A training manual for trainersSlide17
Cytotoxic
drugs-health effects
Short term effects:
skin injury, lightheadedness, dizziness, nausea, headache, and allergic reactions Long term effects: Some anti-neoplastics can cause cancer, they may also cause birth defect (teratogens
) and miscarriages, as well as chromosomal damage (mutagens)
Understanding and Simplifying Bio-medical Waste Management
A training manual for trainersSlide18
Other aspects
Dangers to
ragpickers
Sorting of mixed hospital waste
Needle-stick injuriesBio-Medical waste Management Rules 2016: Fines and legal implications on non-compliance Implementation is a shared responsibility of the entire staff Understanding and Simplifying Bio-medical Waste Management
A training manual for trainers