Chapter 3 American Pageant 13 th ed Protestant Reformation Martin Luther and the 95 theses John Calvin Calvinism Humans weak amp wicked Predestination Very strict religion English Reformation ID: 620588
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Slide1Slide2
Settling the Northern Colonies
Chapter 3
American Pageant (13
th
ed.)Slide3
Protestant Reformation
Martin Luther and the 95 theses
John Calvin (Calvinism)
Humans weak & wicked
Predestination
Very strict religionEnglish ReformationPuritans & separatists emerged
http://gracebapfellowship.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2008/06/calvingif.jpgSlide4
Puritans & Separatists
Puritans
Members of the Church of England (Anglicans)
Believed in the purification of English Christianity
Used Calvinism as basis
All English admitted
Puritanism fueled social unrest
http://parishofwalthamstow.files.wordpress.com/2008/04/church_of_england_logo.jpgSlide5
Puritans & Separatists
Separatists
Members of the Church of England (Anglicans)
Believed “visible saints” should be only members of Church
Vowed to break from Church of England
King James said “No-no, Separatists!”
http://www.springfield.k12.il.us/schools/springfield/eliz/images/KingJamesI%20DB%20per3
King James ISlide6
Puritans
Separatists
Anglicans
Church of EnglandSlide7
Great English migration
Mayflower & Separatists from Holland (102 Pilgrims)
America seemed logical choice
½ aboard were separatists
All lawbreakers; no sanction from VA.CO
Mayflower Compact (1620)
Agreement to institute a government Majority rule
http://www.newton.k12.ks.us/tech/mayflower.bmpSlide8
Great English migration
70,000 people left England due to anti-Puritan persecution & problems within Church of England
20,000 destined for America
50,000 for West Indies
Massachusetts or Barbados???
Hot or cold
Service or sugarSlide9
Massachusetts Bay Colony (MBC)
Puritans (non-separatists) received Royal Charter to set up colony; Puritans found Congregational Church
Chose Boston as center & John Winthrop as first governor
Clergy banned from political office
Most influential place in New England economically & sociallySlide10
Massachusetts Bay Colony (MBC)
Intolerant of Quakers
Intolerant of Anne Hutchinson
“If you’re predestined for Heaven, why obey the law?”
Banished from MBC & later killed by Indians
Intolerant of Roger Williams“Let’s break up with the Church of England & stop bullying the Indians.”
Ended up founding Rhode Island Slide11
MBC vs. Rhode Island (
“Rogue’s Island, Sewer, Lord’s Debris”)
Fundamental differences
Approach to religion
MBC: Puritanism, government runs church
RI: Complete freedom of religion
SettlersMBC: Puritans/Separatists
RI: Religious outcasts & exilesSlide12
Royal charterSlide13Slide14Slide15
King Philip’s War
(1675-1676)
Puritans (settlers in general) vs. Native Americans for preservation of their traditional way of life
Pequot War (1637): brutal slaughter of Pequot Indians
After, an Indian alliance formed between coastal tribes
Led by Metacom (aka King Philip)
English villages attacked, hundreds dead, Philip decapitated & displayed in Plymouth
Destroyed Native influence in New England
http://www.swanseamass.org/images/philipprofile.jpg
"[Philip was] the most powerful enemy that was ever encountered ... [and] came near exterminating the whole English race in New England."
Francis
Baylies
, 1830Slide16
Colonial Unity?
New England Confederation (1643)
“Hometown” creation of failed unity
Dominion of New England (1686)
Created in England to enforce Navigation Laws; forced American trade with only English
Led by the hated Sir Edmund Andros
Taxed w/o consent, ruthless, member of Church of England, enforced Nav. Laws, stopped smuggling Slide17
Glorious Revolution (1688-89)
English people revolted against oppression from thrown (James II) and enthroned William III and Mary from Netherlands
Dominion of England collapsed: Andros deported
Americans protested old government
Salutary neglect ensued (Nav. Laws not really enforced)
More English in American courts
New royal governors & chartersCorrupt people “take over”Slide18
Starting to come into our own
Virginia (1607)
Massachusetts(1620)
New Hampshire (1623)
Maryland (1634)
Connecticut (1635)Rhode Island (1636)Delaware (1638)
North Carolina (1653)South Carolina (1663)New Sweden becomes East/West Jersey & New York(1664) Pennsylvania (1681)
Georgia (1732)
http://www.hornerhistory.com/images/hibbs/William_Penn.png