By Denise Montero and Kristen Kubik Influenza A contagious respiratory infection Symptoms fever cough muscle and body aches headaches fatigue and sore throat Patients most at risk are the elderly and young children ID: 489671
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Preventing Influenza: Should Vaccinations Be Mandatory for hospital personnel?
By: Denise Montero and Kristen KubikSlide2
Influenza
A contagious respiratory infection
Symptoms: fever, cough, muscle and body aches, headaches, fatigue, and sore throat
Patients most at risk are the elderly and young childrenSpread through dropletsCDC, ACIP and HICPAC recommend all healthcare workers to be vaccinated each season Slide3
Influenza Vaccine
Pros:
Most effective way to prevent the flu
Up to 25% of staff can spread the flu without displaying symptomsVaccinated staff decrease patient mortality by 40%, risk of nosocomial infections by 43% and absenteeism by 20-30%
Increases mass immunity
Fiduciary responsibility (John Hopkins, 2015)
Cons:Staff can have adverse reactionsViolation of personal libertyWeakens our immune system Toxic ingredients Strains can be inaccurate Slide4
Assessment of the Healthcare Environment
Financial Implications:
National burden of $83.3 billion
Direct medical costs for adults $8.7 billionInfluenza-attributable illness causing $4.5 billion
Indirect costs of 6.2 billion
17 million workdays are lost Slide5
Assessment of the Healthcare Environment
Policies
Mandatory influenza vaccinations
Events on facility resourcesEmployee resistance Slide6
Assessment of the Healthcare Environment
Latest Analysis
There was an increase in healthcare facility mandating of the vaccine
Mandatory flu vaccinations of healthcare workers was tied into Obama CareIf facilities did not vaccine a certain percentage it jeopardized their government reimbursement
Mandatory vaccines caused loss of jobs
However, after the increase in mandating it is found the benefit is not as strong as thought
Evidence-based public health practice shows no evidence that mandatory flu vaccines are beneficial to preventing the spread (CDC Study, 2015). Slide7
Assessment of the Healthcare Environment
Root Cause Analysis:
Why is the influenza vaccine becoming mandatory?
Why are we only at 45% vaccination rate?Why do nurses have these perceived barriers?
Why are there adverse affects?
Why is there minimal testing?Slide8
Healthcare Worker Influenza Immunization: Mandates, Benefits,
Concerns:
Mandates
Preventing spread of influenza to patientsWorker absenteeism during busy influenza season
Modeling preventive health behaviors to patients (CDC, 2012)Slide9
Healthcare Worker Influenza Immunization: Mandates, Benefits, Concerns:
Benefits
The seasonal flu vaccine protects against the most common strains
It causes antibodies to form about two weeks post-shot
Enhanced patient safetySlide10
Healthcare Worker Influenza Immunization: Mandates, Benefits, Concerns:
Concerns
Lost of jobs
Risk of Guillain-Barre SyndromeNot very effective in flu prevention
No long-term safety testing-experimental vaccine
No studies regarding giving a person the same shot every year
Billions of dollars spent of a vaccine that might or might not workViolation of HIPPA privacy lawSlide11
CDC Recommendations
Annual flu vaccine for everyone 6 months or older
Take everyday prevention against germs
Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue during a cough or sneezeWipe down work stations and phones with disinfectants wipesAvoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth
Maintain standard precautions
If you are displaying flu like symptoms (especially a fever) stay home
Take medications as prescribed by your doctor Slide12
Conclusion
Influenza (the flu) can be a serious disease that can lead to hospitalization and sometimes even death. Anyone can get
very ill
from the flu, including people who are otherwise healthy.You can get the flu from patients and coworkers who are sick with the illness.
If you get the flu, you can spread it to others, even if you don’t feel sick.
By
getting vaccinated, you help protect yourself, your family at home, and your patients (CDC, 2014).Slide13
References
CDC
. (2013). Workplace health promotion. Centers for Disease Control. Retrieved from: http://www.cdc.gov/workplacehealthpromotion/evaluation/topics/immunization.html
CDC. (2014). Influenza information for health care workers. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved from: http://
www.cdc.gov/flu/HealthcareWorkers.htm\
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Influenza vaccination coverage among health-care personnel -- 2011-12 season, United States. MMWR. 61(38);753-757 http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6138a1.htm?s_cid=mm6138a1_wSlide14
References
Health Impact News.
(2015). CDC study: Mandatory flu vaccinations of health care workers offer no protection to patients. Health Impact News. Retrieved from: http://healthimpactnews.com/2013/cdc-study-mandatory-flu-vaccinations-of-health-care-workers-offer-no-protection-to-patients
/Johns Hopkins (2015). Frequently asked questions: Mandatory flu vaccine. Johns Hopkins Medicine. Retrieved from: http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/mandatory_flu_vaccination/faq.html
Zimmerman RK, Lin CJ, Raymund M, Bialor J, Sweeney PM, Nowalk MP. Hospital policies, state laws, and healthcare worker influenza vaccination rates. ICHE. 34;8:854-7. http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/671265