Presented by Harry Cheff CSRM and Annette Satterly MS CIC CRM CIC Session Objectives Understand how safety behavior is shaped Analyze employee behavior Pinpoint observe and measure specific behaviors ID: 676421
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BEHAVIOR-BASED SAFETYWhat influences employee behavior and how can you change that behavior to prevent accidents and illness. By the way, everything you learn in this session can be used to influence employee behavior in other ways as well.
Presented by:
Harry Cheff, CSRM
and
Annette Satterly, MS, CIC, CRM, CICSlide2
Session ObjectivesUnderstand how safety behavior is shapedAnalyze employee behaviorPinpoint, observe, and measure specific behaviors
Provide positive feedback
Use positive reinforcement successfully to improve safety performanceSlide3
What You Need to KnowABC AnalysisAntecedents, Behavior, ConsequencesTypes of consequences
How to strengthen consequences
Pinpointing, observation and measurement
Feedback and goal setting
Types of positive reinforcement
Reinforcement mistakesSlide4
Why Employees Engage in At-Risk BehaviorsJobs get done fasterPerception that risk is low“Nothing is going to happen to me” attitude
At-risk behavior is
reinforced
Lack of awareness that behavior is riskySlide5
ABC ModelAntecedentBehaviorConsequencesSlide6
AntecedentsPrompt people to actPrecede the behaviorCommunicate informationWork best with consequences
Work only in short term if no consequencesSlide7
ConsequencesStronger than antecedents“Consequences” has negative connotationPositive consequences change behavior
Consequences strengthen or weaken behavior
Four categories of consequences
Punishment
Extinction
Negative Reinforcement
Positive ReinforcementSlide8
PunishmentGetting what you don’t wantCriticism, injury, written warningStops unwanted behaviorSlide9
ExtinctionIs not getting what you wantIs no recognition, no acknowledgementOften decreases wanted
or
safe behavior
Can cause safe performers to slipSlide10
Negative ReinforcementNot getting what you don’t wantAvoiding criticism, unpleasant tasks, or accidentsPerforming desired behavior to avoid punishment
Performing desired behavior only when boss is watchingSlide11
Positive ReinforcementGetting what you wantAcknowledgement, recognition, better work assignments
Maintains or increases desired behavior
Gives discretionary effort (more than asked)
Behavior occurs more frequentlySlide12
Examine the BehaviorResults of the consequencesHow employee receives itBehavior increasingBehavior decreasingSlide13
Strength of ConsequencesType – positive or negativeWhen – immediate or futureProbability – certain or uncertainSlide14
Powerful ConsequencesMost powerful – both immediate and certainModerately powerful – either immediate or certainLeast powerful – both future and uncertainSlide15
ABC AnalysisDescribe the behaviorList all antecedents and consequences and describe strength of consequenceDetermine which consequences are motivating behavior
Solution to problem behavior – make weak consequences strongSlide16
Behavioral Safety BasicDo you understand the information presented in the previous slides?Slide17
Pinpointing BehaviorMeasurableObservableReliableControllableSlide18
Behavior ObservationObservation checklistSpot check behaviorsIf safe behavior, mark “safe”In unsafe behavior, mark “unsafe”
Turn card in
Observations
Feedback
Safe
Unsafe
Positive
Corrective
Comments
Pinpoint 1
xxx
xx
xxx
x
Pinpoint 2
x
xxx
x
xxx
Pinpoint 3
xxx
x
xxx
x
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MeasurementRecords observations and analyzesUses objective measurementMeasures safety process, not just resultsGives feedback to employees and capture small improvements
Is specific about performance and becomes positive reinforcementSlide20
Positive Verbal FeedbackBe specificBe sincereDeliver immediatelyBe personal
Don’t use “but” or “however”
Way to go!Slide21
Corrective Verbal FeedbackDon’t ignore unsafe behaviorAcknowledge small improvementsBe objectiveBe specific
Use a questioning approach
Use a 4:1 rationSlide22
Graphic FeedbackPast performance or baselineCurrent goalsPresented and discussed frequentlySlide23
Goal SettingShort-term and achievableEmployee inputMore opportunities for positive reinforcementSlide24
Types of Positive ReinforcementSocial reinforcementWritten
Verbal
Physical
Smile
Humor
Time or attention
Just say “Thank you”Slide25
Types of Positive ReinforcementTangible reinforcementFoodGifts
Certificates
Privileges
MoneySlide26
Using TangiblesAnchor the memoryBe spontaneousDiscuss behaviorDifferent tangibles
Avoid high-value tangibles
Do not overuse tangiblesSlide27
Reinforcement Do you understand the information presented in the previous slides?Slide28
Reinforcement MistakesToo much positive reinforcementExpecting behavior to change too soonReinforcement before behavior
Giving unearned positive reinforcementSlide29
Key Points to Remember Learn how to use consequences effectivelyAnalyze safety behavior with the ABC modelPinpoint behaviors and make observations
Study collected data to measure results objectively
Give positive feedback for safe performance and corrective feedback for unsafe behavior