According to Freud the part of the psyche that stops a person from stealing is the Collective unconscious Id Superego ego Answer C Superego Gary feels that his younger son George is unattractive and not very smart He accuses his wife of picking on George and favoring their other son W ID: 687555
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Slide1
Chapter 14 Personality
Test ReviewSlide2
According to Freud, the part of the psyche that stops a person from stealing is the
Collective unconscious
Id
Superego
egoSlide3
Answer: C
SuperegoSlide4
Gary feels that his younger son George is unattractive and not very smart. He accuses his wife of picking on George and favoring their other son. What defense is being used?Slide5
What is projection?Slide6
Freud saw this part of the unconscious as operating in terms of the reality principle.Slide7
What is the ego?Slide8
According to Freud, basic sexual and aggressive drives reside in the
Id
Collective unconscious
Superego
egoSlide9
Answer
a) IdSlide10
Which psychologist suggested that traits are inherited?Slide11
Who is Gordon Allport?Slide12
Which of the following is a “Robust Five” personality factor?
Warm and cheerful
Shy and emotional
Sluggish and cool
Agreeableness-disagreeablenessSlide13
Answer
d) agreeableness-disagreeablenessSlide14
Which psychologist introduced the term inferiority complex ?Slide15
Who is Alfred Adler?Slide16
What is Carl Jung’s term for the part of the psyche similar to Freud’s “unconscious”?Slide17
What is the personal unconscious?Slide18
Sixteen year old Tom had started using drugs, and the changes in his behavior made it pretty obvious, but Tom’s parents didn’t believe the school principal when she called to talk to them about the problem. What defense mechanism is being used?Slide19
Denial.Slide20
Which psychologist believed that social relationships are the greatest influence on personality?
Karen Horney
Carl Jung
Alfred Adler
Sigmund FreudSlide21
Answer
a) Karen HorneySlide22
Images such as supreme being and fairy godmothers are examples of?Slide23
What are archetypes?Slide24
He introduced a personality theory that is based on body typology.Slide25
Who is William Sheldon?Slide26
True or False?
Repression protects you from disturbing memories, forbidden desires, painful feelings by burying such material in the unconscious.Slide27
True!Slide28
Trixie was homesick and anxious when she moved into the dormitory and started her first year in college. She began to sleep with her old teddy bear again because it made her feel better. What defense mechanism is being used?Slide29
What is Regression?Slide30
True or False?
Freud often used hypnosis as a method of exploring the unconscious, until many people denied the things they said when they were in a hypnotic state.Slide31
TrueSlide32
This “type” can be described as people who are thoughtful, passive and quiet.Slide33
What are Introverts?Slide34
He developed the 16 PF scale based on 16 source traits.Slide35
Who is Raymond Cattell?Slide36
Mark behaves like a stereotypical “he-man,” but he is actually anxious and insecure about his gender identity. What defense mechanism is being used?Slide37
What is Reaction Formation?Slide38
Your image of who you are and what you value.Slide39
What is “self”?Slide40
Humanist who believed that many people suffer from a conflict between what they value in themselves and what they believe other people value in them.Slide41
Who is Carl Rogers?Slide42
The conditions a person must meet in order to regard himself or herself positively.Slide43
What are conditions of worth?Slide44
A school of psychology that emphasizes personal growth and the achievement of maximum potential by each unique individual.Slide45
Humanistic PsychologySlide46
The term for realizing one’s unique potential.Slide47
What is self-actualization?Slide48
Bandura called this our view of our ability to succeed.Slide49
What is self efficacy?Slide50
The occurrence of rewards or punishments following particular behaviors.Slide51
What are contingencies of reinforcement?Slide52
In this book, Skinner described an Utopian society.Slide53
What is
Walden Two
?Slide54
His work in personality development focused on the importance of learning by observation.Slide55
Who is Albert Bandura?Slide56
Belief that the proper subject matter of psychology is objectively observable behavior---and nothing else.Slide57
What is behaviorism?Slide58
Certain specific means by which the ego unconsciously protects itself against unpleasant impulses or circumstances.Slide59
What are Defense Mechanisms?Slide60
The consistent, enduring, and unique characteristics of a person.Slide61
What is personality?Slide62
An outgoing, active person who directs his or her energies and interests toward other people and things.Slide63
What is an Extravert?Slide64
A stable characteristic that can be observed in certain situations. Cattell found 46 of these.Slide65
What are surface traits?Slide66
A characteristic or feature that is so pervasive the person is almost identified with it. (E.g. Mr. Scrooge is stingy and cold-hearted).Slide67
What is a cardinal trait?Slide68
A tendency to react to a situation in a way that remain stable over time.Slide69
An individual whose person and self coincide.Slide70
What is “Fully Functioning”?Slide71
This school of psychology claims our analysis of our own perceptions, thoughts, and feelings shape our personalities.Slide72
What is Cognitive Psychology?Slide73
unawareSlide74
unconsciousSlide75
True or False?
Freud believed that all life moves toward death and that the desire for a final end shows up in human personality as destructiveness and aggression.Slide76
TrueSlide77
Tests that provide subjects with ambiguous stimuli for interpretation are called______tests.Slide78
ProjectiveSlide79
The most widely used projective test is the _________, in which subjects are shown a series of ________.Slide80
Rorschach; inkblotsSlide81
Sarah has a relatively low level of brain arousal. Eysenck would probably predict that she is
An extravert
An introvert
An unstable person
Both a and cSlide82
A; an extravertSlide83
A psychologist at the campus mental health center administered an empirically derived personality test to diagnose an emotionally troubled student. Which test did the psychologist most likely administer?
The MMPI
The TAT
The Rorschach
The WechslerSlide84
The MMPISlide85
In high school Britta and Debbie were best friends. They thought they were a lot alike, as did everyone else who knew them. After high schools they went on to very different colleges, careers, and life courses. Now, at their 25
th
reunion, they are shocked at how little they have in common. Bandura would suggest that they differences reflect the interactive efforts of environment, personality, and behavior, which he refers to as:
Reciprocal determinism
Personal control
Identification
The self-serving biasSlide86
A; reciprocal determinismSlide87
Wanda wishes to instill in her children an accepting attitude toward other people. Maslow and Rogers would probably recommend that she:
Teach her children first to accept themselves
Use discipline sparingly
Be affectionate with her children only when they behave as she wishes
Do all of the aboveSlide88
A; teach her children first to accept themselvesSlide89
Andrew’s grandfather, who has lived a rich ad productive life, is a spontaneous, loving, and self-accepting person. Maslow might say that the grandfather
Has an internal locus of control
Is an extravert
Has resolved all the conflicts of the psychosexual stages
Is a self-actualizing personSlide90
D; self actualized personSlide91
The school psychologist believes that having a positive self-concept is necessary before students can achieve their potential. Evidently, the school psychologist is working within the ___perspective.
Psychoanalytic
Trait
Humanistic
Social-cognitiveSlide92
C; HumanisticSlide93
Id is to ego as ______is to ______.
Reality principle; pleasure principle
Pleasure principle; reality principle
Conscious forces; unconscious forces
Conscience; “personality executive” Slide94
B; In Freud’s theory the id operates according to the pleasure principle; the ego operates according to the reality principleSlide95
According to William Sheldon, this “type” is laid-back, loving and social.
Endomorph
Ectomorph
Mesomorph
HectomorphSlide96
According to Sheldon,
Endomorphs
are laid-back, loving and social types.Slide97
True or False?
Mesomorphs
typically show aggressive, competitive behavior. Slide98
TrueSlide99
It means “unaware”.Slide100
What is unconscious?Slide101
An aspect of personality that is considered to be reasonably stable over time.Slide102
What is a trait?Slide103
Storehouse of instincts, urges, and memories of the entire human species throughout history.Slide104
What is the collective unconscious?