PPT-Anemia in CKD Kantartzi

Konstantia Ass Prof of Nephrology DUTH Reduced quality of life van Haalen et al BMC Nephrology 2020 Worse renal survival Lamerato et al BMC Nephrology 2022 Increase in morbidity and mortality. Metformin must be considered the cornerstone of treatment when not contraindicated (eGFR <30). In patients not at goal on metformin monotherapy, adding an SGLT. 2. inhibitor like empagliflozin is warranted when not contraindicated (eGFR <45). ( ) CVD benefit ?Class effect?. Mohammad Asgar Khan, MD. Anemia. Learning Objectives:. Learn the pathophysiology of anemia in CKD.. Learn the diagnostic challenges of anemia in CKD.. Learn the therapeutic strategies and related controversies in the treatment of anemia in CKD.. 2017 . Annual Data Report. Volume 1: Chronic Kidney Disease. 2. vol 1 Figure 7.1 Sources of prescription drug coverage in Medicare enrollees, by population, 201. 5. Data source: Medicare 5% sample. Point prevalent Medicare enrollees alive on January 1, 2015. Abbreviations: CKD, chronic kidney disease; LIS, Medicare Low-income Subsidy; Part D, Medicare prescription drug coverage benefit.. 1 Table 1.1 Distribution of NHANES participants with diabetes, self-reported cardiovascular disease, & single sample markers of CKD, 2007-2012. Data Source: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 1988–1994, 1999-2004 & 2005–2012 participants age 20 & older. Note: Cardiovascular disease designation is based on self-report of any CVD condition (see CKD Analytical Methods chapter for detail); CKD is defined as eGFR <60 or ACR ≥30. Abbreviations: ACR, urine albumin/creatinine ratio; CKD, chronic kidney disease; SR CVD, self-reported cardiovascular disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; . not applicable.. Learning Objectives. Utilize appropriate screening tools, such as GFR and ACR, in order to diagnose and monitor CKD patients.. Classify CKD, based on GFR and albuminuria categories, in order to guide appropriate treatment. . Data Source: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 1988–1994, 1999-2004 & 2007–2012 participants aged 20 & older. Whisker lines indicate 95% confidence intervals. Abbreviations: CKD, chronic kidney disease. This graphic also appears as Figure 1.2. red blood cell mass . or . blood hemoglobin concentration. . In practice, anemia most commonly is defined by reductions in one or both of the following:. Hematocrit (HCT) – The HCT is the fractional volume of a whole blood sample occupied by RBCs, expressed as a percentage. As an example, the normal HCT in a child age 6 to 12 years is approximately 40 percent.. referance. range for the age and sex. The normal ranges vary with age . -neonate < 14g/dl. -1-12mths < 10mg/dl. -1-12y< 11 g/dl. Causes of anemia can be from. Reduced cell production. Increased destruction. .. Epidemiology.. Classification.. Review the terminology used to discuss anemia.. Evaluation:. .. . • Address clues in the history and exam that can direct the evaluation. . • Describe one approach to using lab tests to make the diagnosis. . Definition of CKD. Staging of CKD. Etiology of CKD. How to measure Kidney function . Incidence of ESRD. (per million population, 1990, by HSA, unadjusted). USRDS, 2000. Incidence of ESRD. (per million population, 2000, by HSA, unadjusted) . . Structural . or functional abnormalities of the kidneys for . >. 3 months. . from early to late-stage disease, . Chronic Kidney Disease. as . manifested by either:. 1. Kidney . damage, with or without decreased GFR, as . In CKD and HD patients dysfunction of . immu. ne . sy. stem . a. lterations. . belonge. to . . involv. ing. . i. nnate. and . a. daptive. . i. mmunity. in T and B lymphocytes (. Reduced . T regulatory cells and memory cells and increased innate cells). . Harshani D. Perera . Senior Registrar – Nephrology. SJGH . 09.01.2018. CKD – definition . Kidney damage or eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m2 persisting for 3 months despite the cause . several classifications . .. สุดารัตน์ . ศุภ. กิจเจริญ. หน่วยงานวิสัญญี โรงพยาบาลกำแพงเพชร. Etiology of CKD. In UK , most common causes are;.