AIM: What have scholars learned about the ancestors of humans, and how have they done - PowerPoint Presentation

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AIM: What have scholars learned about the ancestors of humans, and how have they done so?

Do Now: Type of Learner Survey

Unit Essential Question: What was life like in early times, and how did it change as civilizations began to develop?Slide2

Setting the Stage: Who are we?

Prehistory – the long period of time before people invented writing. Roughly about 5,000 years ago.

Evolution vs. Creationism

**We will not take a side but simply look at what has been found.Slide3

What’s the difference between creation and evolution? Informational Text

As a class we will read the short text together.You will become familiar with the Critical Reading Text Assignment SheetSlide4

Understanding Our Past

Scientific CluesScientists work like detectives using excavated sitesArtifacts

: human-made objects such as jewelry or toolsPaleontologists study fossils

or evidence or early life preserved in rocksInvestigating PrehistoryAnthropology is the study of the origin, the behavior, and the physical, social and cultural developments of humans.

Archaeology a field of anthropology where archaeologists study past peoples and cultures through their material remains.Use radiocarbon dating to determine the age of an artifactSlide5

Discoveries in Africa and Beyond

Mary LeakeyArcheologist

who led an expedition in Tanzania in East Africa

1978, discovered Laetoli Footprints made by humanlike beings now called australopithecines, a

hominidHumans and other creatures that walk upright are called hominids

Lucy

Unusually

complete

skeleton

of

female

hominid

Discovered

by

Donald

Johanson

in 1974

Named

after

Beatles

song

“Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds

”

Dated

to be

3.5

million

years oldSlide6

Lucy

Laetoli

Footprints Slide7

Studying the Historical Past

History – the record of past events.Primary Source

(eyewitness account) vs. Secondary Source (second-hand record)

Historical Dates:

Two formats: B.C. – A.D.B.C.E. – C.E.

“Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.”-George SantayanaSlide8

Key Terms for Foundations

Culture: the way of life of a group of people (society).

i.e. – religion, clothing styles, diet, government“Blueprint for living”

Cultural Diffusion: the exchange of cultural objects and ideas. Sometimes a cultural idea or object is adopted by a different culture.Ethnocentrism: the belief that one culture is superior to another culture.

*Not a helpful attitude and can lead to conflict and warfare!Technology: the skills and tools people use to meet their basic needs and wants.Slide9

Lucy: The Beginnings of Mankind

1. Create an annotation key as a class.2. Individually read and annotate the primary source document.Slide10

Let’s Summarize…Slide11

Aim: What are the basic elements of the government and the economy?

Do Now: Summarizing BaselineSlide12

Activity

For your assigned government/economic system:1. Give an overall definition of the system.2. List 2 advantages and 2 disadvantages.

3. Explain how this government is just and fair.4. Why is this the best type of government system?Slide13

AIM: Why is it important to study geography?

Do Now: Review from last class. Government groups present.Slide14

Warm UpSlide15

the study of the physical features of the earth and its atmosphere, and of human activity as it affects and is affected by these

Geography

Physical Geography

Human GeographySlide16

Physical Geography

The surface of the earth

How people adapt to a particular environment

Human

Geography

Cartographer – map makerSlide17

1. Location

2. Place3. Region4. Movement5. Human-Environment Interaction

Five Themes of GeographySlide18

What does this map illustrate?

Physical map-

shows geographic features such as mountains, lakes, deserts etc. (mother nature)Slide19

List all the geographic features you see in this picture.Slide20

What does this map illustrate?

Political map-

shows boundaries/borders of countries (man-made)Slide21

INTERPRETING MAPS

1. KEY / LEGEND

- gives important information that helps to understand the map. (Ex. * represents capital city)2. EQUATOR- 0 degree imaginary line of latitude that separates the world into a northern and southern hemisphere3.

PRIME MERIDIAN- 0 degree imaginary line of longitude that separates the world into a eastern and western hemisphereSlide22

Activity – Geographic Features Assessment

List the advantages and disadvantages of living in/by the following geographic features: mountains, deserts, tropical rainforests, riversWhat would you have to do to survive in these regions?

Pick which continent you think would be the ideal place to start a civilization in.

*Each group should have one member write down the answers for the group to be submitted*Slide23

AIM: How did early humans survive?

Do Now: How do we know people lived thousands of years ago? Answer in 4-6 sentences.Slide24

TRACING THE MIGRATION (MOVEMENT) OF EARLY HUMANS

ACCORDING TO THE MAP, WHERE DID EARLY HUMANS

ORIGINATE?

AFRICASlide25

STANDARDS FOR BEING HUMAN:

1. 90cc skull size

2. Upright vertebrate

3. Thumb for tool makingSlide26

WHAT ARE THESE IMAGES & WHAT DO THEY TELL US ABOUT EARLY HUMANS?Slide27

Paleolithic Era

(Old Stone Age) 2 million B.C. - 10,000 B.C.

Hunting & gathering societies – everyone contributed!

*Men- hunted and fished *Women/Children – gathered.Nomads- people who travel (

migrate) from place to place in constant search of food and waterPeople traveled in small groups (20-30 people)

Simple tools/weapons made of stone, bone & woodTo endure the cold, used animal skin for clothing. Went through several ice ages, used fire for warmth and cooking.Took refuge in caves to survive the cold during long winters. Cave paintings found of

animals.

Animism

-

belief system which

involves worshipping spirits in natureSlide28

Stone Age ToolsSlide29

http://www.lascaux.culture.fr/?lng=en#/fr/00.xml

Cave of LascauxSlide30

Title: Eviscerated Bison in Lascaux CavesSlide31

Title: Traced Copy of a Rock Painting in

Pahi, Tanzania Slide32

Title: Clay Bison SculpturesSlide33

Two female figurines from Malta, an Ice Age site in SiberiaSlide34

Activity: Source Analysis

Directions: Analyze source #1 and source #2.Answer corresponding reflection worksheet.Slide35

Let’s Summarize…Slide36

AIM: How was the introduction of agriculture a turning point in prehistory?

Do Now: What skills did Old Stone Age people develop in order to adapt to their surroundings to their needs? Slide37

Describe the differences you see in the above pictures. Label the picture representing the Paleolithic Age and the picture representing the Neolithic Age. Slide38

Turn & Talk

Does there have to be war in order for there to be a revolution?Slide39

Around 10,000 years ago, the

Neolithic Revolution began: the beginning of farming

It started accidentally when some women scattered seeds near a campsite and noticed crops growing there when they came back next season

Rising temperatures worldwide provided longer growing seasonsFarming produces

more food than hunting or gatheringNeolithic RevolutionSlide40

More food means a

higher population, thus more laborDue to labor and farming methods,

permanent settlements developedPermanent settlements turn into

villages, villages turn into cities, cities turn into civilizations

Once you reach a certain population, you can begin specializationSpecialization: the development of

skills in a specific kind of work (other than farming)Slide41

Slash & burn

farming was used (cut a field and burn it for nutrients)

Domestication or taming

of animals began as wellSlide42

Agriculture RevolutionSlide43

Group Work

Fill out graphic organizer outlining daily changes from Paleolithic to Neolithic life. Each

group will work on a different section of the organizer (i.e. resources) and will then present to the rest of class.Slide44

Cause & EffectSlide45

1. What was the main difference between life in the Paleolithic period and life in the Neolithic period?

2. How did people's lives change as they began to domesticate animals and farm during the Neolithic period?3. What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of the changes in daily life that occurred as a result of the development of agriculture?

4. Some historians refer to the development of agriculture as a revolution because of the dramatic effect it had on people's lives. Explain why you agree or disagree with this statement.Let’s Summarize…Slide46

AIM: How did the world’s first civilizations rise and develop?

Do Now: Watch the video clip and answer the following question in your notebooks-

What does it mean to be civilized? What argument does John Green raise concerning this and do you agree?

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What does it mean to be civilized? What argument does John Green raise concerning this and do you agree?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yocja_N5s1ILink to Crash Course #1 EpisodeSlide48

CIVILIZATION

- (1)

group of people living and working together for the purpose of creating an organized society.

(2)

“

the highest cultural grouping of people which distinguishes humans from other species

”

(3)

“

complex systems or network of cities that emerge from pre-urban culture

”

WHAT IS A CIVILIZATION???Slide49

EIGHT BASIC

ELEMENTS OF

A CIVILIZATION:

Writing Systems

(2) Infrastructure- public works such as bridges, roads etc.

(3) Government / LawsSlide50

(4) Art / Architecture

(5) Social ClassesSlide51

(6) Organized Religion

(7) Job Specialization

(8) Development of CitiesSlide52
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Activity: Rank the eight characteristics of civilization in order of what you think is the most important, and why

. Slide54

Let’s Summarize…