Sugar: Is it really that Sweet? Does sugar cause addiction if so, does sugar addiction cause obesity? Krysta McGinnis Sugar Addiction Research has revealed that sugar and sweet treats can, not only substitute for addictive drugs but can
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Presentation Transcript
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Sugar: Is it really that Sweet? Does sugar cause addiction & if so, does sugar addiction cause obesity? Krysta McGinnis<br>
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Sugar Addiction Research has revealed that sugar and sweet treats can, not only substitute for addictive drugs but can even be more rewarding and attractive
Food can release endorphins & the “feel-good” neurotransmitter that can temporarily relieve emotional discomfort, anxiety, and depression<br>
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How is it Possible?<br>
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Drugs act on brain systems evolved to reinforce natural behaviors<br>
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Dopamine D2 Cocaine Heroin Meth Alcohol<br>
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Dopamine D2 Levels Decreased in an individual with a higher BMI - BMI: 23 BMI: 30<br>
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Withdrawal Symptoms Sugar has found to cause withdrawal symptoms like addictive drugs cause
Symptoms include:
Moodiness
Anxiety
Anger outbursts
Weepiness
Headaches
Shakiness
Intense hunger and/or cravings<br>
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Tested with Rats to determine extracellular DA and ACh in the NAc Maintained on one of 4 diets:
1. Daily Intermittent Sucrose + Chow
2. Daily Intermittent Chow
3. Daily Ad libitum Sucrose + Chow
4. Sucrose Twice
Microdialysis performed on Days 1, 2 and 21
Withdrawal signs shown when fasting or given an opioid antagonist<br>
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Research concluded:
Tolerance of sucrose increased
Signs of withdrawal were shown
Consumed more than intended
Neurochemical changes in the NAc
Cross-sensitization
Prolictivity to consume other drugs of abuse<br>
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Effects of Excessive Sugar Sugar disturbs metabolism
Increases risk of developing:
High blood pressure
Elevated blood triglycerides
Heart disease
Obesity
Inflammation<br>
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Does Excess Sugar Cause Obesity? Research has shown that sugar doesn’t cause obesity
Sugar addiction is linked to obesity
The cause is the increase in caloric foods – many foods high in sugar are also high in calories
The causes of obesity are complex & specific to the individual
Rat research concluded:
Sugar binging didn’t result in an increase in weight
Sweet-fat binging rats were hyperphagic
Increased in body weight<br>
Occurs through two mechanisms.
1. Leptin transported across the blood-brain barrier is impaired
2. Central leptin signal transduction is impaired in two locations<br>
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How much Sugar Do you Consume? The average American consumes 152 pounds of sugar per year.
This equals 42.5 teaspoons/day!
350 extra calories/day
Added Sugar Calorie Allowance The American Heart Association recommends limiting the amount of added sugar daily
Women: 100 calories per day
Men: 150 calories per day<br>
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Natural Sugars vs. Added Sugars Natural sugars: found “naturally” occurring in foods
Added sugars: any sugars or caloric sweeteners added to food/beverages during processing or preparation
Food makers can also use sweeteners that aren’t technically sugar, but these other sweeteners are in fact forms of added sugar.<br>
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Ingredients to Look for - Sugar
Lactose
Maltose
Dextrose
Fructose
Sorbitol
Honey
Brown Sugar
Corn Sweetener
Corn syrup
Molasses
Sorghum Syrup Agave Nectar
Cane crystals
Cane sugar
Evaporate can juice
Fruit juice concentrates
Glucose
Malt syrup
Maple syrup
Raw sugar
Syrup
Invert sugar
Crystalline fructose Sugar comes in many different forms<br>
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Kellogg’s Smart Start Healthy Heart Cereal<br>
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How Much Sugar
is in your
Greek Yogurt? 28 grams = 7 teaspoons<br>
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Sugar Addiction Quiz Are you Addicted
to Sugar?<br>
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How to Beat Sugar Addiction #1: Stop eating addictive foods
Decrease/remove sweetened beverages
Separate dessert from meals
#3: Read food labels & ingredient lists
Remove sources of hidden sugar from house
As healthy food plans are established, healing begins and the rebalance of brain chemistry<br>
