1 Steamvery hot water at the Earths surface These sites are rare and mostly exploited already Example The Geysers in California About 30 square miles active site About 1000 MW continual output ID: 779564
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Slide1
Geothermal EnergyThese are thermal plants
1. Steam/very hot water at the Earth’s surface.
These sites are rare, and mostly exploited already.
Example: “The Geysers” in California.
About 30 square miles active site.
About 1000 MW continual output.
Slide2Slide3Dry Steam and Flash SteamRequires very hot water/steam (The Geysers Model)
Slide42. Enhanced Geothermal Systems:
Got Hot Rocks?
AltaRock
Energy Inc. at Newberry Volcano near Bend.
Drill
one
hole into hot (600 degrees F) dry rock
Fracture rock by injecting cold water
Drill more holes about 1500 feet away
Pump water down original hole and out secondary holes. Convert to steam and use flash (direct) or heat exchanger/binary systems to drive steam turbine and generate electricity.
January
2015
“
Simulation
”
tests data analysis.
Slide5Enhanced Geothermal SystemUtilizing Hot, Dry Bedrock
Slide63.
Binary System
Water below boiling loops through a heat exchanger; second loop of low boiling point fluid flashes to gaseous state which turns turbine like steam would.
Slide7Example: U.S. Geothermal
Neal Hot Springs—Harney County
Binary System
Utilizes hot water to boil secondary fluid with low boiling point in a heat exchanger; get “steam”; turn turbine.
23 MW Energy (perhaps enough for 26,000 homes)
$136 million cost
Slide8Neal Hot Springs Geothermal Plant
Slide9“Negawatt”
Let’s talk about reducing the demand side of energy--
Conservation
Slide10In your home
Lighting:
turn ‘
em
off when you leave the room
Slide11In your home
Lighting:
turn ‘
em
off when you leave the room
replace all lights with LED fixtures
Slide12In your home
Lighting:
turn ‘
em
off when you leave the room
replace all lights with LED fixtures
Energy Trust of Oregon “
Energy Saver Kits
”
LEDs reduce lighting energy by 85% or more
Pick a “temperature” from soft to bright white
Take them with you when you move—they last forever
The price is plummeting—down to $3 or so
Slide13In your home
Hot Water:
Set water heater temperature at 120 degrees
Slide14In your home
Hot Water:
Set water heater temperature at 120 degrees
Wash clothes in cold water
Slide15In your home
Hot Water:
Set temperature at 120 degrees
Wash clothes in cold water
Heat Pump Water
Heaters
My old 50 gallon electric water heater estimated a yearly cost of $456. My new 50 gallon HP electric water heater estimated a yearly cost of $155--a 2/3rds savings.
Cost new $700-$800
Deduct State Tax
Credit
of $600.
Deduct Federal Tax
Credit
of $300
Slide16In your home
Ductless Heat Pump Space
Heaters
(usually room specific) (“Mini-Splits” best option for most)
System costs $5000 and up.
Saves around 50% on space heating costs
State Tax
Credits
of $800 and up
Energy Trust of
Oregon
cash of $800 (limitations)
Federal Tax
Credit
up to $500
Slide17In Your Home
Programmable Thermostats
Put them on your space heating system
Slide18In Your Home
Programmable Thermostats
Put them on your space heating system
Remote Control Thermostats
Control these babies with your cell phone
Slide19In Your Home
Programmable Thermostats
Remote
Control
Thermostats
Energy Star
is your friend
Find energy efficient appliances, heating systems, even houses on this government website.
Slide20In your home
Unplug
electronic crap
(or use a power strip). Turning
them off doesn’t really turn them off
)
TiVos
and Play Station Consoles
are essentially computers, monitoring all the time. But unlike “real computers” and peripherals, they don’t have the “sleep” or “hibernate” modes, so just churn away when not in use.
Ghost drains—
each cellphone/tablet/computer charger draws energy when not in use. Multiply yours times billions and it means a very large number of kilowatts going for . . . for nothing.
Slide21In your home
Unplug
electronic crap (or use a power strip) when not in use (turning them off doesn’t really turn them off)
TiVos
and Play Station Consoles
Ghost Drains—Chargers
Unplug Televisions, Stereos, DVD players or use a
powerstrip
.
Powerstrips
are a “
negawatt
nerd’s” best friend
Slide22At School
Turn off the lights wherever you go.
Turn off the lights wherever you go.
Turn off the lights wherever you go.
Turn off the lights wherever you go.
Turn off the lights wherever you go.
Turn off the lights wherever you go
Turn off the lights wherever you go.
Slide23“Enernet
” / “
Cleanweb
” / “Soft Grid”
Definition: Internet-enabled efficiency
A.
Digital
Lumens
Company
utilizes LED lights; motion sensors; ambient light sensors; data; internet technologies. Reduce energy consumption by 90% or more. (Read
More
)
Slide24“Enernet” or “Cleanweb” or “Soft Grid”
Definition: Internet-enabled efficiency
A.
Digital Lumens Company
utilizes LED lights; motion sensors; ambient light sensors; data; internet technologies. Reduce energy consumption by 90% or more.
B.
Opower Company
provides digital consumption alerts via smart phones, iPad apps, smart thermostats to make consumers aware of their energy use
but also
their neighbor’s use (anonymously). 85 unilities, 27 countries, 18 million homes.
Slide25“Enernet” or “Cleanweb” or “Soft Grid”
Definition: Internet-enabled efficiency
A.
Digital Lumens Company
utilizes LED lights; motion sensors; ambient light sensors; data; internet technologies. Reduce energy consumption by 90% or more.
B.
Opower Company
provides digital consumption alerts via smart phones, iPad apps, smart thermostats to make consumers aware of their energy use
but also
their neighbor’s use (anonymously). 85 unilities, 27 countries, 18 million homes.
C. EnerNOC Company
works with 14,000 customers in five states. When a utility nears capacity, contacts customers, who then reduce consumption for a fee. Can cut demand 30-35%
Slide26“Enernet” or “Cleanweb” or “Soft Grid”
Definition: Internet-enabled efficiency
C.
EnerNOC
Company
works with 14,000 customers in five states. When a utility nears capacity, contacts customers, who then reduce consumption for a fee. Can curtail 30-35%
D. Nest Labs Company
sells thermostats that “learn” a house energy needs, and begins to set itself. “At its core it is a smart phone on your wall.” It is internet connected, so can be controlled remotely. It also allows devices in home to communicate with each other via internet—like CO2 detector “talking” with furnace.
Slide27Google!!!!!
And Google is buying ‘em all. It is a great data collection resource, then that data can be used for . . . . .”trust us” says Google, “just trust us”
Slide28The “Smart” Grid
Surfaced five years ago then faded away
“Pacific Northwest Smart Grid Demo. Proj.”
Means to “adjust load” = “reduce demand”
Bondurant Wyoming—Utility can control private water heaters temporarily
Portland General Electric 5MW battery bank can carry 500 homes for 20 minutes
Flathead Electric Company (MT) Differential Pricing. Appliances programmed to turn on when price is low/not turn on when price is high (4X higher max).