PPT-3.3 Evolution on Adaptive Landscapes

Stevan J Arnold Department of Integrative Biology Oregon State University Thesis Models for adaptive radiation can be constructed with quantitative genetic parameters The use of quantitative genetic parameters allows us to crosscheck with the empirical literature on inheritance selection and population size. EQ:. What patterns can be observed in evolution?. Patterns of . evolution. A. Mass Extinctions. B. Adaptive Radiation. C. Convergent Evolution. D. Coevolution. E. Gradualism. F. Punctuated Equilibrium. The . formation of a new . species. 15.3 Speciation. What is a species?. A group of organisms with similar characteristics capable of producing fertile . offspring. Members of a . species. . share. the . Hawaiian . Silversword. alliance (. Madiinae. ). all descended from a common ancestor (an annual herbaceous tarweed). 30 species in 4.5–6 . Myr. trees, shrubs, mat-plants, cushion plants, rosette plants, lianas. Stevan. J. Arnold. Department of Integrative Biology. Oregon State University. Thesis. Models for adaptive radiation can be constructed with quantitative genetic parameters. .. The use of quantitative genetic parameters allows us to cross-check with the empirical literature on inheritance, selection, and population size. EQ:. What patterns can be observed in evolution?. Patterns of . evolution. A. Mass Extinctions. B. Adaptive Radiation. C. Convergent Evolution. D. Coevolution. E. Gradualism. F. Punctuated Equilibrium. Ancient hominid fossils not accepted as ancestors. Biases in fossil record (from 19. th. century):. Fossil remains of species not that old (Homo erectus & Neanderthal). Found in Asia and Europe. LAMARCK (1744 – 1829) . He proposed . 3 theories. to explain how species change…. Theory of Need. Theory of Use and Disuse. The Theory that Acquired Traits Can Be Passed on to Offspring.. August Weismann (1834-1914). The Smallest Unit of Evolution. A common misconception is that organisms evolve during their lifetimes. Natural selection acts on individuals, but only populations evolve. Consider, for example, a population of medium ground finches on Daphne Major Island. Macroevolution/Microevolution. Macroevolution- One g. roup of animals. evolves into another….due to . large. scale changes that take place over . long. . periods of time.. . Microevolution- . Small. Evolution: . Change over time; decent with modification. Natural Selection. : Primary mechanism producing evolution (change over time). There are other mechanisms such as: sexual selection, social selection, drift.. Van . Tuyl. Lecture Series- . Spring 2015. 4:00-5:00 p.m. in Berthoud Hall Room 241.   . Thursday. , . March . 26, . 2015. Dr. . . Gordon Grant. . Oregon State . University. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research . ADAPTATION=. Adaptations. = the unique features of an organism which are specializations for their environment &. their way of life. . How Do Organisms Adapt?. Nature has . telos. , a divine hand that guides development. . These accounts of nature are . teleological . in that there is an underlying plan or purpose of spiritual or religious origin.. The distribution of animals and plants corresponds to divine law and decision-making. Mining the Past to Predict . the Species Jump Event. 19 April 2011. Richard H. Scheuermann, Ph.D.. Department of Pathology. U.T. Southwestern Medical Center. Flu . pandemics. of the 20. th. and 21.