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19792010 3 STCsyear Strong TT Weak TT Trough induced N 105 STC Climatology 19792010 N 34 Strong TT Weak TT Trough induced STC Climatology 19792010 N 56 Strong TT . 6 Africa Rainfall Climatology Version 2 Nicholas Novella 12 Wassila Thiaw NOAA NWS NCEP Climate Prediction Center Wyle Information Systems NOAA NWS NCEP Climate Prediction Center 1 INTRODUCTION In 1998 North. East. West. Sunrise. Sunset. Azimuth Angle. (From South). Altitude. altitude . angle. horizontal surface. . perpendicular . to surface. zenith . angle. Sun. Figure 4.1. Ecological Climatology © 2008 G. Bonan. Daniel B. Thompson, Lance F. Bosart and . Daniel Keyser. Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences. University at Albany/SUNY, Albany, NY 12222. Thomas A. Wasula. NOAA/NWS, Albany, NY. Matthew Kramar. Sedimentary. Metamorphic. Rock. Very slowly weathered minerals. (e.g., quartz, muscovite). Slowly weathered minerals. (e.g., feldspars, biotite). Easily weathered minerals. (e.g., augite, hornblende, olivine). -5. -4. -3. -2. -1. 0. 1. 2. 0. 25. 50. 75. 100. 125. 150. 175. 200. 225. 250. Temperature Anomaly (. C. ). 160. 170. 180. 190. 200. Annual Solar Radiation (W. . m. -2. ). 0. 25. 50. 75. 100. 125. Anthony R. Lupo. 302 E ABNR Building. Department of Soil, Environmental, and Atmospheric Science . University of Missouri . Columbia, MO 65211. Phone: 573-884-1638 . Email: . LupoA@missouri.edu. Web.missouri.edu/~. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 1650. 1700. 1750. 1800. 1850. 1900. 1950. 2000. July Temperature (. . C). Figure 7.1. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 1970. 1975. 1980. 1985. 1990. 1995. 2000. July Temperature (. (q. over. ). Evapotranspiration (E). Precipitation (P). Groundwater. Soil. Bedrock. Outflow. (q. base. ). Topographic Divide. Inflow. (G. in. ). Figure 12.1. Ecological Climatology © 2008 G. Bonan. 200. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 0.00. 0.25. 0.50. 0.75. 1.00. 1.25. 1.50. 1.75. Leaf Area Index. Height (meters). 0. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 0. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Cumulative Leaf Area Index. Height (meters). 0. 20. 40. 60. 80. (Aug-Dec). . Monthly Forecast Verification. CRFS. December 8, 2015. Objectives. Analyze performance of ESP monthly volume forecasts. Baseflow. . period (August. -December. ). 1981-2010 ESP reforecasts; not official forecasts. NCEP. North . American Land Data Assimilation (NLDAS. ):. Implications and Challenges . of. Extending . the Length of the . Climatology. by. Youlong Xia. 1. and Bala Narapusetty. 2. . Throughfall. Stemflow. Evaporation. Transpiration. Evaporation. Ocean . Lake. . Ground water. Overland. flow. Return. flow. Infiltration. Redistribution. Evaporation. Snow pack. Percolation. Capillary. Rock. Very slowly weathered minerals. (e.g., quartz, muscovite). Slowly weathered minerals. (e.g., feldspars, biotite). Easily weathered minerals. (e.g., augite, hornblende, olivine). Chemical. Weathering. DR.IQBAL KHALAF . . PHYSICAL CLIMATOLOGY AND AGROMETEOROLOGY. -1. The . relation between physical climatology and . Agrometeorology. and their . effects. A branch of meteorology that examines the effects and impacts of weather and climate on crops, rangeland, livestock, and various agricultural .