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Tourism: Front and Center Tourism: Front and Center

Tourism: Front and Center - PowerPoint Presentation

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Tourism: Front and Center - PPT Presentation

Chapter 13 Copyright 2010 by John Wiley amp Sons Inc All Rights Reserved WHAT IS TOURISM According to Theobald tourism is defined as The activities of visitors persons travelling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for up to 12 months for leisure business pi ID: 424415

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Slide1

Tourism: Front and Center

Chapter 13

Copyright © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights ReservedSlide2

WHAT IS TOURISM?According to Theobald, tourism is defined as “The activities of visitors, persons travelling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for up to 12 months for leisure, business, pilgrimage, etc.”A visitor (or tourist) is someone travelling outside of their usual environment Sometimes the definition requires that the tourist spend one night away from homeSlide3

TRAVEL AND TOURISMTravel (and tourism) has always been and is still an important activity in North American society It is important to individuals and to local, state, regional and national economies The hospitality and tourism industries are strongly linked and it can be hard to separate them sometimes

Broadly, T&T are the businesses and services that serve travelers away from homeWhat are some examples?Slide4

TRAVEL AND TOURISMThe Travel and Tourism Industry includes the following:RestaurantsLodging/ResortsAirlinesRental CarsTravel AgentsState and National Parks

State Departments of TourismLeisure ActivitiesSlide5

DIMENSIONS OF TOURISMThe following are dimensions that tourism and government organizations are often interested in tracking:Purpose of the tripDistance traveledDuration of the tripResidence of the travelerMode of transportation

SpendingSlide6

FACTORS AFFECTING TRAVEL AND TOURISMTravel can be affected by:Income

Time availableCost of gasEconomyAmount of leisure time availableDemographic shiftsTravel advisoriesBorder restrictions Slide7

TYPES OF TRAVEL Travel can be for purposes of business or pleasure77 % of all domestic travel is for pleasure purposesPeople are traveling for pleasure when they want to experience new things, experience a change of pace, improve their health, visit friends and relatives, etc. Slide8

TYPES OF TRAVELBusiness travel is also a very important component and can represent greater expenditures (hotels, air, restaurants)Business travel accounts for about 12% of all domestic travelBusiness travel can include persons attending meetings and conventionsSlide9

THE U.S. AS AN INTERNATIONAL DESTINATIONThe US leads the world in (inbound) international tourism spendingMuch of the international travel here is made up of travelers from Canada and Mexico and is largely dependent upon exchange ratesAlso, even though the US does not have Approved Destination Status in China, more Chinese tourists are travelling hereSlide10

THE U.S. AS AN INTERNATIONAL DESTINATIONTop reasons people travel to the US“Made” attractions (Disney)Natural attractions (Grand Canyon, Niagara Falls)Cities (San Francisco, Washington DC, New York)Gaming (Las Vegas)

Friends and relativesSlide11

FACTORS AFFECTING TRAVEL AND TOURISMLike the hospitality industry, the travel and tourism industry had a couple of difficult years but is expected to recover in the early part of this decadeDomestic travel is growing (US residents travelling in the US)Leisure time

will increase (again)Travel patterns are changing (shorter vacations)Slide12

MODES OF TRAVELAutomobiles are still the most widely used mode of transportation for travel (representing 90% of all trips taken). Airlines (a function of cost and distance)Ships/boats/ferriesTrainsFly/driveOther (bicycles, motorcycles)Slide13

PASSENGER TRANSPORTATIONOnly the rich (and daring) flew in the 1920sAir travel increased through the 1970s Deregulation (1978) brought more carriers, increased competition and lower faresAir travel is increasing despite the recent problems that carriers have experiencedAirlines have attempted to increase profits by raising fares, reducing services, and partnering with other carriersSlide14

PASSENGER TRANSPORTATIONAirlines have challenges associated with high capital costs, high labor costs, high fuel costs (25%), maintenance costs, and high levels of uncertaintyHigh fares are essential to making profits but airlines can find themselves in a “Catch 22’Slide15

RESERVATIONS NETWORKSAirlines long relied on travel agents to book flights on their behalfAirlines have started to rely on them less and less because of the Internet and an attempt to save money (from commissions)Travel agencies are declining now but still book about 50% of all airline travelTravel agents use central reservation systems such as SabreSlide16

ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE OF TOURISMTourism is one of the largest industries in the country and the worldIt provides more jobs than every industry but health careIt has an even greater impact when the travel multiplier is considered (employee payroll, employee spending, taxes, etc.)Many states depend on tourism as a major revenue generatorSlide17

NONECONOMIC EFFECTS OF TOURISMCrowdingCongestionImpact on local quality of lifeCost of livingPollutionDegradation of the environmentLoss of authenticitySlide18

FAVORABLE NONECONOMIC EFFECTS OF TOURISMIncrease local prideCelebrate local cultureCoincide with local traditionsProvide opportunities for voluntourism