PPT-Immune response to microbial challenge

19 April 2013 Professor Julian Dyson Section of Molecular Immunology Department of Medicine Immune response to microbial challenge Commensal microbiota Links between innate and adaptive immunity. Microbial food spoilage occurs as a consequence of either microbial growth in a food or release of extracellular and intracellular(following cell . lysis. ) . enzymes in the food environment.. Signs of spoilage of different types of food:. THE ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF MICROBIAL LIFE. HOW DID LIFE ORIGINATE?. SPONTANEOUS GENERATION. LIFE ARISING FROM NON-LIVING MATTER. LONG BELIEVED AS THE ACCEPTED EXPLANATION OF ORIGINATION OF LIFE. EXPERIMENTS EVENTUALLY SHOWED IT TO BE IMPOSSIBLE. A. Microbial Reproduction. 1. binary (transverse) fission. A) parent cell enlarges and duplicates all its genetic material. B) DNA copies move to opposite ends of parent and attach to a section of the cell membrane as it begins to pinch together at the center. Microbiology. Microbial Growth. Microbial requirements for growth:. 1. . Physical. A. . Temperature. Optimal growth temperature. Permissible range. human pathogens optimal = . 37°C. Microbial Growth. Elizabeth Golden. EBIO 4100, Winter Ecology, Spring 2013. Mountain Research Station, University of Colorado, Boulder. Introduction. Snow pack. Provides insulation . (Halfpenny and . Ozanne. 1989). . Non-specific Immunity. Born with some immunity . Helps prevent disease. Helps slow disease progression. First line of defense. Non-specific, cont. .. Physical Barrier- . unbroken skin . Immunology. - the study of host defense mechanisms. Immunity. -. ability of the host to protect itself against foreign organisms. Resistance to disease.. Antigen (Ag)- . is a foreign substance that can elicit specific immune response (IR) when is immunogenic. LYMPHOCYTES. Are the key cells of the immune system. Two types: B and T. Both produced in the bone marrow. B matures in the bone marrow. T matures in the thymus. Immunocompetency. B and T lymphocytes must recognize “self.”. Chapter 4. Introduction. Molecules recognized as “non-self” are antigens. Several mechanisms to protect itself . First level of protection include physical and biochemical-skin, acid in stomach. Second level of protection phagocytic cells, enzymes, and proteins. Immune Response. Adaptive Immune. 2. Adaptive or Acquired Immune Response. Protects against infectious agents and abnormal body cells . Amplifies the inflammatory . response. Activates complement. 3. The Immune System. The immune system is a group of cells & soluble molecules, which interact & distinguish patterns in the body as “self” or “non-self,” in order to eliminate those that are “non-self.”. By: Brittaney Luu. The Innate Immune Response. Symptoms. The Physical Barrier. A . keratin plug . is present in non-lactating women to prevent the entry of bacteria created from the stratified squamous epithelium.. CfE. . Advanced Higher Biology. Unit . 2: . Organisms and Evolution. If you have done Higher Human Biology this is just revision!!! Use the key areas to create revision notes!. HOMEWORK: ACTIVITY G – Self Study Task – Immune response to parasites. Immunological unresponsiveness to self is referred to as . tolerance. or . self-tolerance. Very important to human health. How is this achieved?. -cells with receptors for self-antigens are destroyed in the thymus or bone marrow (central tolerance).