Attempts to Reexert Control over the Colonies Colonial view in 1763 Salutary Neglect assumptions Colonists believed Parliament ONLY supreme in regulating foreign trade Colonists believed they were able to selfgovern in ID: 770439
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "Attempts to Re-exert Control over the Co..." is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Attempts to Re-exert Control over the Colonies
Colonial view in 1763 Salutary Neglect assumptions Colonists believed Parliament ONLY supreme in regulating foreign trade Colonists believed they were able to self-govern in ALL other ways FRENCH & INDIAN War Created colonial expansionist mindset FRANCE gone; BYE Felicia (aka English) New leadership Colonists believed THEY won the war NO AMERICAN NATIONALISM
POST-WAR PROBLEMS Debt doubles Colonists should help the burden Salutary Neglect Colonists were the “freest” people in the world Economically- regions are use to doing their own thing Western Lands Pontiac’s Rebellion ENGLISH HELP!! Paxton Boys- punish the Indians
Proclamation act of 1763 NO settlement west of the Appalachian Mtns . Maintain control Control of the fur trade Prevention of Indian Problems Push settlers to Nova Scotia and Florida (WHY??) Colonial reaction- ehhh . Who cares?? Temporary
Sugar or revenue act 1764 (revised from molasses act of 1733) Purpose- Raise $$ Provisions of the Act Reduced the tariff Enumerated more items that could be sent ONLY to England Smuggling trials sent to admiralty court Tried in Nova Scotia No juries Had to prove innocence Writs of assistance
Currency act 1764 Prevented colonial assemblies from printing paper money Shortage of currency hurt trade Must be paid in English currency
Quartering act of 1765 Colonial assemblies had to pay for rent of British troops Also had to provide fire, candles, beer, bedding
Stamp act 1765 Placed tax on legal paper, diplomas, licenses, playing cards, newspapers Affects EVERYONE DIRECT TAX All violations must go to A dmiralty Courts “Caesar had his Brutus, Charles I his Cromwell… if this be treason make the most of it”- Patrick Henry Sons of Liberty- organized mobs Crimes against property NOT person Non-Importation agreements
Philosophical objects to the stamp act Taxation without representation- Locke Virtual vs. Direct representation Do the colonists want to be represented? Distance Always outvoted Let’s go back in time…
Colonial reactions Virginia Resolves Colonial assemblies NOT parliament have the sole and exclusive right to lay and collect taxes Massachusetts Circular Letter- calls for a Stamp Act Congress Meets October 1765 9 colonies represented (No NC, NH, GA, VA) DO NOT want representation in Parliament Sole and exclusive right to tax themselves Conservative upper class represented March 4, 1776- Stamp Act repealed
Effects of the Stamp Act First degree of unity Alienated groups in the colonies Stamp Act Congress = unified front Circular letters = channel of communication Non-importation agreements = widespread Coordinated efforts between Sons of Liberty in all colonies Created structures Stamp Act Congress = representative meetings Sons of Liberty = open channels of communication Circular Letters = open channels of communication Unified, violet actions would bring about change
Townshend acts of 1767 Taxed lead, paint, glass, tea Purpose Raise defense revenue Eliminate the power of the purse from colonial legislatures Non-importation agreements Voluntary agreements too not import British goods Used strong arm tactics Imports declined March 5 1770 Townshend acts repealed; EXCEPT tea
Boston Massacre March 5, 1770 Unauthorized firing kills five- 1 st death Crispus Attucks Was it an orchestrated event?? Colonial reaction Hancock John Adams- defends the soldiers Sam Adams Committees of Correspondence (Sam Adams) Keep lines of communication open during peaceful times Keep colonial leaders fighting for colonial liberties Rise of radical leaders 1774- 12 colonies had committees of correspondence
Gaspee Affair Overzealous enforcement of the Trade and Navigation Acts Abuse of colonial livestock, fruit trees, rights, seizure of vessels June 1772 150 colonists board, beat up the crew, and burn the vessel down Colonists found- tried in England English find no witnesses Encouraged new committees of correspondence
Tea act of 1773 Designed to rescue the British East India Company from bankruptcy Gave tea a monopoly over the colonies Reduces the cost of tea, but leaves a tariff on it Loyalists taken care of Reaction Committees of correspondence unify the colonies Boston Tea Party Leads to the intolerable acts
Intolerable acts Boston Port Act closes Boston harbor Massachusetts Government Act Council to be royally elected Unauthorized town meetings and committees of correspondence banned Justice Act Allowed the governor to transfer trails to England or Nova Scotia if impartial jury cannot be found Quartering Act More latitude for soldiers Quebec Act Extended jurisdiction of Quebec into the Ohio river valley
Effects of intolerable acts Unity among the colonies Committee of Correspondence called for a Continental Congress (met on September 5, 1774) Suffolk Resolves Declared the Coercive Acts unconstitutional Set up the free state of Massachusetts Arm yourself and defend your rights Continental Congress Declaration of Rights- as Englishmen Nonimportation order Nonexportation order Enforced by the Sons of Liberty
Key factors Unity Organization Colonial success vs. English rule Polarization of attitudes Was the American Revolution preventable??