Geography Five colonies that make up the south are Maryland Virginia North Carolina South Carolina Georgia Share a coastal area called the tidewater which was a flat lowland that includes many swampy areas ID: 417408
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Southern ColoniesSlide2
Geography
Five colonies that make up the south are:
MarylandVirginiaNorth CarolinaSouth CarolinaGeorgiaShare a coastal area called the tidewater which was a flat lowland that includes many swampy areasWarm and humidLong growing season Slide3
Virginia
New settlers continued to come from Europe
Native American population shrankFarmers took over more land to plant tobaccoWealthy planters bought up most of the good farmland on the coastleft no farmland for poorer colonists who wanted to start their own farmsPoor farmers moved inland to the frontier to find good farmlandSlide4
Virginia
Fights with Native Americans broke out on frontier as farmers moved out there
Farmers demanded the governor take strong measures against the Native AmericansGovernor hesitated, wanted to avoid conflictNathaniel Bacon became leader of frontier settlersOrganized a force of 1000 westerners and began attacking and killing Native AmericansGovernor declared them all rebelsBacon reacted by attacking Jamestown and burning it to the ground
Bacon’s RebellionSlide5
Maryland
1632 King Charles I granted charter to George Calvert who was an English Catholic
Set up colony so Catholics can live safelyFirst settlers were Catholics and ProtestantsGrew tobacco and harvested sea lifeWhen Calvert died his son Cecil (Lord Baltimore) became proprietor.
Proprietor:
owner of a business or a colonySlide6
Maryland
Representative government similar to House of Burgesses
Tension between Catholics and ProtestantsFearing Catholics would lose rights Lord Baltimore got assembly to pass Act of Toleration in 1649Welcomed all Christians and gave adult male Christians right to vote and hold officeSlide7
Carolinas
1663 King Charles II granted charter for colony to be called Carolina
Northern part developed slowlyLacked harbors and rivers for ships to travel easilySettlers lived on small farms raising and exporting tobaccoSlide8
Carolinas
Southern part grew more quickly
Grew sugar– great in swampy lowlandsMany planters came from Barbados, brought enslaved people to grow the sugarSlave laborSlave labor used to grow riceMost important cropSlide9
Carolinas
Rice production spread
Carolina’s main city Charles Town (today’s Charleston) became biggest city in the Southern ColoniesCarolina became two colonies:North CarolinaSouth CarolinaSlide10
Georgia
Last of England’s 13 colonies to be formed
Founded for two reasons:Keep Spanish in FloridaWealthy Englishmen led by James Oglethorpe wanted a colony where there would be protection for English debtorsEnglish government could imprison debtors until they paid what they owedWanted colony of small farms, not plantationsSlide11
Life in the Southern Colonies
Tidewater Region
Most important featurePlantation: large farmHot area where crops like cotton, sugar, and rice are grownEconomy dominated by plantations in tidewater regionRice farming on coast helped promote spread of slavery, required large numbers of workersSlide12
Life in the Southern Colonies
The Backcountry
Cut off from the coast by poor roads and long distancesFamilies lived on isolated farmsFew families had servants or slaves to help them with workPeople cared less about rankLife was a sharp contrast to that on the coast