Presentations text content in Principles of Architecture
Slide1
Principles of Architecture
Mrs. Araujo-Flores
Slide2Objectives
You will understand that architectural design is composed of elements.You will know the definitions of these elements.You will be able to identify structures that illustrate these elements.
Slide3Elements of Architecture:The Basics of Beautiful Design
What elements and principles of architecture do architects include in the design of structures?
Slide4The Basics of Architecture
Structure Anything that is built or constructed and has a plan.
Seagram Bldg NYC
Slide5The Basics of Architecture:Basic Structures
Post and LintelMethod of construction in which vertical posts support horizontal lintel, beam.
Stonehenge
Slide6The Basics of Architecture:Basic Structures
ColumnsVertical, round pillar that supports an arch or entablature
Parthenon
Slide7Three types of Greek Columns
Doric
-simple capital
Ionic
-scrolled capital
Corinthian
-fancy capital
Slide8Doric Ionic Corinthian
Slide9Corinthian Column Capital
Slide10The Basics of Architecture:Basic Structures
Colonnade Line of arches or columns bearing a horizontal entablature.
St. Peter’s Square
Parthenon
Slide11Entablature
The parts of an order between the column capital and the roof or pediment.It is divided into three parts: architrave, frieze, and cornice.
Slide12The Basics of Architecture:Basic Structures
Arch Vaulted wall opening that can span large spaces.
Coliseum
Slide13Pont du Gard
Slide14St. Paul’s Cathedral
Slide15Types of Arches
Slide16The Basics of Architecture:Basic Structures
Domea large hemispherical roof or ceilingarches are jointed at the top and legs form a circlecreates more expansive space inside a structurebase can be circular or angled
Hagia Sophia – square base
Slide17Dome of the RockCircular Base
Slide18The Basics of Architecture:Basic Structures
Spire a tapering roof or pyramidal construction surmounting a tower
Salisbury Cathedral - England
Slide19The Basics of Architecture:Basic Structures
Cantilever Horizontally projecting beam or part of a structure supported only at one end.
Falling Water
Slide20Cantilever
Slide21The Basics of Architecture:Basic Structures
ButtressA projecting structure for support to give stability to a load-bearing wall. Counteracts lateral thrust.
Slide22The Basics of Architecture:Basic Structures
Flying ButtressArch commonly seen on the exterior of Gothic cathedralsUsed to support high stone walls by transmitting force to an exterior support. Counteracts lateral thrust.
Notre Dame – Paris France
Slide23Slide24Buttress Flying Buttress
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Slide30Media or Materials-what the structure is made from
Slide31Function-purpose for which the building was originally designedThe function of a building may change over time but the original purpose still dominates the design.
Slide32Context
PhysicalThe area on which the building is constructed. When considering the context of a building, you must also look at the environment.
Japanese School
Slide33Physical ContextConstruction of the tower occurred in three stages across 344 yearsThe tower's tilt began during construction, caused by an inadequate foundation on ground too soft on one side to properly support the structure's weight.
Leaning Tower of Pisa
Slide34Context
Historical/CulturalThe time, place, and culture that influenced the creation of the building.
Todaji Buddhist Temple Nara, Japan All wood construction
Slide35The Elements of Architecture
LineWhere two parts come together
Great Pyramid
Slide36The Elements of Architecture
Color
Colors used on the interior or exterior of the building.
Dome of the Rock
Slide37The Elements of Architecture
Shape/FormThe outline of the building if viewed from the air AND from the ground.
St. Paul’s Cathedral - aerial view
Slide38Shape/Form
Slide39The Elements of Architecture
TextureHow the building feels or looks Can be the interior or exterior
Guggenheim
Slide40The Principles of Architecture
SpaceThe area in and around a building
Louvre
Slide41The Principles of Architecture
Balance Distribution of weight
Eiffel Towel
Slide42The Principles of Architecture
Rhythm/Repetition/PatternRepeated use of an element
Raphael’s Loggia
Slide43The Principles of Architecture
EmphasisCalling attention to one partThis is achieved by using the elements and principles of architecture
Dome of the Rock
Slide44The Principles of Architecture
Variety/Contrastthe use of differing elements
Villa rotunda
Slide45The Principles of Architecture
Proportioncomparison of size of parts and size of the whole
Slide46The Principles of Architecture
ScaleScale-sized compared to people
Pantheon - Rome
Slide47The Principles of Architecture
UnityUse of similar elements to tie the work together
Leaning Tower of Pisa
Principles of Architecture
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