The Physiological & Psychological Effects of Other Drugs on the Driving Task - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

The Physiological & Psychological Effects of Other Drugs on the Driving Task

Module 8.1.3 to 8.1.5 Slide2

Every 15 Minutes (Video)Slide3

Alcohol & Other Drugs

Vocabulary

Over-the-counter medicine

Prescription medicine

Depressant

Stimulant

Synergistic EffectSlide4

Alcohol & Other Drugs

Over-the-Counter Medicine

Drugs

that are available

without

a

prescription

Slide5

Alcohol & Other Drugs

Prescription Medicine

Drugs that

cannot

be purchased without a doctors order or

prescription

.Slide6

Alcohol & Other Drugs

Depressant

A class of drugs that

depress

, or slow down, the

central nervous system

.

Slide7

Alcohol & Other Drugs

Stimulant

A drug that

speeds

up the

central nervous system Slide8

Alcohol & Other Drugs

Synergistic Effect

The

multiplied

effect of combining both

alcohol

and

drugs. Slide9

Alcohol & Other Drugs

Types of Drugs

Most drugs are classified according to the effect they have on the

central nervous system

and bodily functions.

Some drugs

depress

, or slow down the central nervous system.Other drugs

stimulate

, or speed up,

the central nervous system. Slide10

Alcohol & Other Drugs

Draw and complete the following chart in your spiral:

Drug Name

Effect of

DrugSlide11

Alcohol & Other Drugs

1. Over-the-Counter Medicines

Many over-the-counter medicines, or OTCs, have side effects that can cause

drowsiness, dizziness

,

slowed reaction time

, and

poor judgment.

When buying any medication, read the label for warnings that could affect driving. Slide12

Alcohol & Other Drugs

2.

Prescription Medicine

The law requires that drugs that have serious side effects or are potentially addictive be dispensed only under a physician’s direction and guidance.

Be aware of any side effects the medication may have before you drive.

Ask your doctor

and

read the labels

for any potential side effects. Slide13

Alcohol & Other Drugs

3. Depressants

Depressants such as alcohol, sleeping pills, and tranquilizers are taken to relieve tension, calm nerves, or even treat high blood pressure.

A driver using depressants can become very

relaxed

,

uninhibited

, and less able to identify, predict, decide, and execute activities. Slide14

Alcohol & Other Drugs

4. Stimulants

At first

, stimulants create a feeling of

high energy

and

alertness

; however, once the feeling of alertness wears off, the driver quickly becomes very tired. Some people misuse stimulants in order to stay awake while driving for long periods of time. Unfortunately, stimulants can create a high-risk situations once the immediate effect wears off. Slide15

Alcohol & Other Drugs

5. Hallucinogens

Hallucinogens are unpredictable, mind-altering drugs that can

alter personality

and

cause panic or terror

because they

distort a person’s

sense of direction

,

distance

, and

time

.

Driving while under the influence of hallucinogens creates potentially deadly situations .Slide16

Alcohol & Other Drugs

6. Marijuana

Marijuana is another powerful, mind-altering drug that affects the brain and other parts of the central nervous system.

Marijuana can

impair judgment, memory, depth perception, and coordination.

A person who uses marijuana may think that the effects of the drug have worn off after a few hours, but in reality, driving abilities may be impaired for a very long time. Slide17

Alcohol & Other Drugs

Combining Drugs

You should not take more than

one

prescription or over-the-counter medicine at the same time without

consulting

your doctor or pharmacist.

Alcohol and medication are a potentially dangerous combination. If a person drinks alcohol while taking an antihistamine for a cold, for example, the

central nervous system

is slowed down much more than taking each by itself.

When other drugs are combined with alcohol, the effects of both drugs can be multiplied (

synergistic

effect).Slide18

Alcohol & Other Drugs

Vocabulary

Peer Pressure

Peer Influence

Peer EducationSlide19

Alcohol & Other Drugs

Peer Pressure

An

external force

that results from peers trying to

influence

you to do certain things or act a certain way Slide20

Alcohol & Other Drugs

Peer Influence

An

internal force

created out of a desire to be

accepted

Slide21

Alcohol & Other Drugs

Peer Education

A process in which

young people help

other young people

make decisions

and determine goals. Slide22

Alcohol & Other Drugs

Coping with Peer Pressure

People’s decisions are influenced by many factors, including

pressure

from individuals or groups.

These influences can create

conflicts

or uncertainty about decisions that affect a person’s future.

Many decisions are made based on

positive

peer pressure or

negative

peer pressure. Slide23

Alcohol & Other Drugs

Understanding Peer Influence and Pressure

Peers greatly

influence

each other because people naturally want to

belong

to, and be

accepted by, a group. Some of the strongest influences in a person’s life are the attitudes and actions of

friends

and peers.

Peer pressure and peer influence are factors that affect peoples’

decisions

and

actions

.Slide24

Alcohol & Other Drugs

Peer pressure

is an external force that results from peers trying to influence you to do certain things or act a certain way.

Peer influence

is an internal force created out of a desire to be accepted. Slide25

Alcohol & Other Drugs

Positive Peer Pressure

When peers exert a pressure on you in a

positive

way, they want to help and encourage you to do your best and stay safe.

Talking a friend out of drinking an alcoholic beverage at a party or refusing to ride with someone who has been drinking are examples of

positive peer pressure

. Slide26

Alcohol & Other Drugs

Negative Peer Pressure

Negative peer pressure occurs when others, who

don’t

have your

best interests

in mind, encourage you to do something that you believe is wrong.

For example, friends who tell you that you can drive safely after consuming alcohol are exerting negative

peer pressure. Slide27

Alcohol & Other Drugs

Peer Refusal Skills

Refusal skills are about being able to say

no

. Knowing ahead of time

why

,

when, and how to say no empowers you.

Different situations call for different ways to say no. Slide28

Alcohol & Other Drugs

Draw and complete the following chart in your spiral:

Peer Refusal Skill

How it

worksSlide29

Alcohol & Other Drugs

1. Use Humor

A joke can

change the tone

of things if you feel the conversation is too serious.

Humor also helps to

change the direction or focus

of the peer pressure being exerted upon you. Slide30

Alcohol & Other Drugs

2. Walk Away

Say no and walk away, or just walk away from the person or people trying to engage you in behavior that is not in your best interest.

If you

remove yourself from the situation

, you also remove yourself from the pressure. Slide31

Alcohol & Other Drugs

3. Ask a Question

Say no and then rephrase the suggestion as a question. For example, you might say, “No. Why would I want to risk not being able to get my driver’s license?”

This technique

directs the

pressure away

from you

. Slide32

Alcohol & Other Drugs

4. Repeat No

Keep saying no. It can buy you time to consider another response. The more you say no, the

easier it is to reaffirm your position

. Slide33

Alcohol & Other Drugs

5. Avoid the Situation

If you know your friends will be trying to influence you to do something you think is wrong or do not want to do, avoid situations where they have chance to exert their pressure and influence.

If you avoid the situation

altogether, the

group

will not have the

opportunity to exert

negative peer pressure

. Slide34

Alcohol & Other Drugs

6. Ignore the Pressure

Don’t respond when asked to participate in hazardous behavior.

Divert your attention

or start a conversation with someone else.Slide35

Alcohol & Other Drugs

7. Prepare Reasons

Have a reason for saying no

and share that reason.

If you are prepared

to say no ahead of

time, it will be

easier for you to

deal with the pressure

.Slide36

Alcohol & Other Drugs

8. Provide Alternatives

Suggest an alternative activity to the irresponsible behavior being suggested. This provides a

safer alternative for you

and for your friends. Slide37

Alcohol & Other Drugs

9. Use Teamwork

Team up with others who feel the same way you do and who will support you when you say no.

Sometimes having others around you who will say the same thing

makes saying no a little easier

. Slide38

Alcohol & Other Drugs

10. Be Firm

If all else fails, firmly say, “No, thanks!” in such a way that the

other person understands that you will not be persuaded

to do anything dangerous or against your values. Slide39

Alcohol & Other Drugs

Making Responsible Decisions

Each person must make his or her own

decision

whether or not to drink alcohol.

Although people hesitate to interfere in other people’s lives, most people wisely realize that they are being caring

friends

when they prevent friends from driving after drinking. Slide40

Steps for Making Responsible Decisions

Know when a

decision

is needed.

2.

Consider the

choices

.

3. Consider the consequences

and ask yourself these questions:

Is it

legal

?

Is it

safe

?

What would

my

parents

and other

family

members think?

Does it show

respect

for myself and others?

4.

Decide which choice is

best

.

5.

Evaluate

your decision to know if it was a

responsible

one.Slide41

Alcohol & Other Drugs

Student Programs

Underage drinking is a

national

problem with many causes and no simple solutions.

Many schools have programs that

educate

students on how to combat underage drinking C

ommunities

also offer support and education programs to combat drinking.Slide42

Alcohol & Other Drugs

Peer Education

Peer programs may be known by many other names, including peer

counseling

, peer

mentoring

, or peer

helpers. Many schools have developed programs through the assistance of other organizations to help influence people about the harmful effects of alcohol as well as the problem of drinking and driving, including Mothers Against Drunk Driving

(MADD),

Alliance Against Intoxicated Motorists

(AAIM),

and Students Against Destructive Decisions

(SADD). Slide43

Journal Entry

Write a paragraph about the following topics:

You and your friend are at a party. Although

you are not drinking

, you notice that your friend is drinking. You know that

he/she is driving

home after the party.

What would you say to your friend?

Why should everyone share in the responsibility of not letting friends drive after drinking?

Why is it a good idea for young people to develop more than one way to say no?