measures MollyByrneIre hbcrg Molly Byrne Professor Health Behaviour Change Research Group School of Psychology National University of Ireland Galway Key questions What can behavioural science tell us about ID: 1039955
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1. Behavioural strategies to reduce COIVD-19 transmission and survive restrictions measures@MollyByrneIre; @hbcrg Molly ByrneProfessorHealth Behaviour Change Research GroupSchool of PsychologyNational University of Ireland, Galway
2. Key questionsWhat can behavioural science tell us about: How to increase adherence to public health measures to reduce COIVD-19 transmissionHow we can all survive COVID-19 restrictions and minimise adverse mental health outcomes.
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4. 4What do we know?
5. 5Reducing social inequalities improves public health
6. 6Our environment matters
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8. 8What about COVID-19?
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11. The Behaviour Change Wheel
12. Evidence-based Approach to Behaviour Change:The Behaviour Change WheelKey AspectsSpecify your target behaviour clearlyUnderstand why behaviour is not currently happeningUse evidence-based techniques to change behaviour
13. 13Step 1: Specifying COVID-19 prevention behaviours
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15. Ability to engage in behaviourPhysical capability (e.g. skills)Do I have the physical skill, strength, or stamina to do what I need to do?Psychological capability (e.g. knowledge)Do I have the knowledge or psychological skills to know what I need to do?Brain processes that energize and direct behaviour:Automatic (e.g. habits)What automatic processes influence whether I do what I need to do? (emotional reactions, impulses, habits)Reflective (e.g. goals)What are my beliefs and reflective processes about what I need to do? Do I think it is important? Environments that enable the behaviour:Social opportunity (e.g. social norms)Are other people in my society also doing what needs to be done? Is it a cultural norm? Would people disapprove if I didn’t do it?Physical opportunity (e.g. affordability)Does my environment allow me to do what I need to do?Understanding COVID-19 prevention behaviour-COM-B Framework
16. Behavioural principles to increase capability and motivation Behaviour change principle 1: Create a mental model.Behaviour change principle 2: Create social norms.Behaviour change principle 3: Create the right level and type of emotion. Behaviour change principle 4: Replace one behaviour with another.Behaviour change principle 5: Make the behaviour easy. https://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2020/03/11/slowing-down-the-covid-19-outbreak-changing-behaviour-by-understanding-it/
17. How to minimise adverse mental health outcomes Photo by engin akyurt on Unsplash
18. Do events like the COVID-19 pandemic cause poor mental health outcomes?Prospective, longitudinal studies have demonstrated that heightened stress responses during and in the immediate aftermath of a threatening event, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, are associated with adverse physical and mental health outcomes over time (Garfin, Thompson, & Holman, 2018).Research from China which examined the impact on mental health of the COVID-19 epidemic suggests that COVID-19 presents a significant mental health burden, especially among young people, people who spend more time focusing on the epidemic, and healthcare workers (Huang & Zhao, 2020).
19. So what can we do….?Zimmerman, Ali, Jones, & Maskrey (2020) conducted a rapid review (of 6 documents) of strategies to help people with COVID-related anxiety/distress. Regulate exposure to COVID-related media. Six documents recommend limiting exposure to worrying or distressing media stories and only using trusted sources to look at facts.Maintaining a strong social network. Six documents recommend connecting with friends and family online and three recommend helping and supporting others in the community.Self-care. Five documents recommend looking after your body (healthy eating, good sleep hygiene and regular exercise), five recommend avoiding unhealthy coping strategies such as alcohol/ tobacco/ recreational drugs and three recommend doing things you enjoy and three recommend practising meditation and/or mindfulnesshttps://www.cebm.net/covid-19/practical-tips-for-clinicians-helping-patients-with-covid-related-anxiety-distress/
20. Keeping it positive….It is important that people feel positive about, and reward themselves for, their successes in making the necessary changes rather than dwelling on times when they slip up. (West & West, 2019)Public Health Communications should find opportunities to amplify positive and hopeful stories and positive images of local people who have experienced COVID-19. For example, stories of people who have recovered or who have supported a loved one and are willing to share their experience. (World Health Organisation, 2020).
21. @MollyByrneIre; @hbcrg Thank youBehavioural strategies to reduce COIVD-19 transmission and survive restrictions measures