PPT-12.3 Alkanes with Substituents

When an alkane has four or more carbon atoms the atoms can be arranged so that a side group called a branch or substituent is attached to a carbon chain Learning Goal Write the IUPAC names for alkanes with substituents and draw their condensed and lineangle structural formulas . Basic Structure and Nomenclature. Graphic: www.lab-initio.com. First Ten Alkanes. Formula. Name. Formula. Name. CH. 4. Methane. C. 6. H. 14. Hexane. C. 2. H. 6. Ethane. C. 7. H. 16. Heptane. C. 3. H. Alkanes: Nomenclature, Conformational Analysis, and an Introduction to Synthesis. Shapes of Alkanes. “Straight-chain” alkanes have a . zig-zag. orientation when they are in their most straight orientation. Chapter 22.1 Hydrocarbons. Naming, Drawing, and Properties. They are all around us! . Gasoline, Fuels, and Kerosene are all example of hydrocarbons.. What two elements make up a hydrocarbon?. Hydrocarbons. Sources . and Uses of Alkanes. Petro. leum. , which literally means . rock . oil. is the main source of alkanes. Petroleum is a mixture of hundreds of hydrocarbons, mostly alkanes with varying numbers of carbons and varying degrees of branching. carbon. s are compounds that are only composed of . hydrogen. and . carbon. .. Which of the molecules above is saturated with hydrogen atoms?. 4.1 Alkanes. Copyright 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.. Alkanes. Dr. . Shatha. I . Alaqeel. 1. 108 . Chem. Learning Objectives. Chapter one discusses the following topics and the student by the end of this chapter will:. . Know the classification of hydrocarbon. The different uses of alkane compounds result from their physical properties, including their solubility and density.. The solid alkanes that make up waxy coatings on fruits and vegetables help retain moisture, inhibit mold, and enhance appearance.. Conformational and Geometrical Isomerism. Hydrocarbons. . are . compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen. . There are three main classes of hydrocarbons, based on the types of carbon–carbon bonds present. . The Structure of Alkanes. Nomenclature of Organic Compounds. Alkyl groups. Numbering the parent carbon chain. The root name is that of the longest continuous carbon chain (. parent carbon chain. ) . Groups attached to the main chain are called . Fourth Edition. Karen Timberlake. 11.1. Organic Compounds. Chapter 11. Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. Lectures. Organic Compounds. An . organic compound . The . parent name . indicates the number of carbons in the . longest continuous chain. .. The . suffix. indicates what . functional group. is present.. The . prefix. tells us the identity, location, and number of substituents attached to the carbon chain.. Chapter. 4. Alkanes. and . Cycloalkanes. David Klein. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.. Klein, Organic Chemistry 2e . 4.1 Alkanes. Hydro. carbon. s – compounds that are only composed of . Chapter 12 Lecture Outline Prepared by Harpreet Malhotra Florida State College at Jacksonville 12.1 Introduction (1) Alkanes are hydrocarbons having only C–C and C–H single bonds . Alkanes that contain chains of C atoms but structures. . Arrow formalism & . m. olecular framework. Introduction to alkanes. . Isomers. . IUPAC naming of alkanes. . Alkyl halides & cycloalkanes. Functional groups: where the action is.