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CEREBRAL LATERALITY: RIGHT BRAIN/LEFT BRAIN CEREBRAL LATERALITY: RIGHT BRAIN/LEFT BRAIN

CEREBRAL LATERALITY: RIGHT BRAIN/LEFT BRAIN - PowerPoint Presentation

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Uploaded On 2018-11-02

CEREBRAL LATERALITY: RIGHT BRAIN/LEFT BRAIN - PPT Presentation

Dominant brain and dumb brain SPLITBRAIN RESEARCH Splitbrain surgery when the corpus callosum is cut to reduce severity of epileptic seizures Has shown that right hemisphere controls the left side of the body and vice versa ID: 709674

hemisphere brain endocrine genes brain hemisphere genes endocrine research specific studies left chromosomes split system traits polygenic genetic body

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Slide1

CEREBRAL LATERALITY: RIGHT BRAIN/LEFT BRAIN

Dominant brain and dumb brainSlide2

SPLIT-BRAIN RESEARCH

Split-brain surgery

: when the corpus callosum is cut to reduce severity of epileptic seizures

Has shown that right hemisphere controls the left side of the body and vice versaSlide3

SPLIT-BRAIN RESEARCH

Roger Sperry and Michael

Gazzaniga

studies

Showed language is housed in the left hemisphere

Right hemisphere: visual-spatial tasks (colors, arranging, recognizing)Slide4

HEMISPHERIC SPECIALIZATION IN THE INTACT BRAIN

Perceptual Asymmetries

: left-right imbalances

btwn

cerebral hemispheres in the speed of visual or auditory processing

Studied to show which hemisphere is more dominant in certain situationsSlide5

HEMISPHERE SPECIALIZATION

Better at:

Verbal processing

Language, speech, reading, writing

Possible: handling emotions, links to schizophrenia

Better at:

Nonverbal processing

Spatial, musical, and visual recognition

Possible: expression of emotions, recognition of other’s emotions; classical conditioning, links to depression

LEFT HEMISPHERE

RIGHT HEMISPHERESlide6

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

Glands that secrete chemicals (

hormones

) into the bloodstream that help control body functioning

30 different hormones

Hypothalamus controls the endocrine systemSlide7

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

Hypothalamus connected to the…

Pituitary gland

: releases variety of hormones that fan out in the body, stimulating actions in other endocrine glands

Pituitary gland is the “master gland” of the endocrine systemSlide8

HEREDITY AND BEHAVIOR

Behavioral genetics:

interdisciplinary field that studies the influence of genetic factors on behavioral traitsSlide9

CHROMOSOMES AND GENES

Chromosomes:

strands of DNA molecules that carry genetic info.

46 chromosomes (23 pairs, 1 chromosome from each parent)

Each chromosome contains

Genes

: DNA segments that serve as the key functional units in hereditary transmissionSlide10

CHROMOSOMES AND GENES

Homozygous condition

: two genes in specific pair are the same

Heterozygous condition:

2 genes in a specific pair are different

When heterozygous, the

dominant

gene is expressedSlide11

GENOTYPE VS. PHENOTYPE

Genotype

: a person’s genetic makeup

Phenotype

: ways in which a person’s genotype is manifested in observable characteristicsSlide12

POLYGENIC INHERITANCE

Polygenic traits

: characteristics that are influenced by more than one pair of genes

Most human characteristics are polygenicSlide13

RESEARCH METHODS FOR INVESTIGATING HEREDITARY INFLUENCE

Family studies

: examining blood relatives to see how much they resemble one another on a specific trait

Shows traits that “run in the family”

Only correlativeSlide14

RESEARCH METHODS CONTINUED

Twin studies

: comparing the resemblance of identical and fraternal twins w/respect to a trait

Identical (monozygotic) twins

: one zygote, split

Fraternal (dizygotic) twins:

2 eggs fertilized by different sperm cells, 2 separate zygotesSlide15

RESEARCH METHODS CONTINUED

Adoption studies

: examining resemblance

btwn

adopted children and both their biological and adoptive parents

Usually done only with babies given up at birthSlide16

GENETIC MAPPING

Def

: process of determining the location and chemical sequence of specific genes on specific chromosomes

Technology only allows for single gene mapping

Most human traits are polygenic