Jen Labrecque amp Wendy Wood August 26 2017 Catalina Island CA Expanding our understanding of habit formation Repetition Context stability Perceived automaticity Other aspects of the participants mindset ID: 737371
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Slide1
Habits resist temporary threats to goal pursuit
Jen
Labrecque
& Wendy Wood
August 26, 2017
Catalina Island, CASlide2
Expanding our understanding of habit formationRepetitionContext stability
Perceived automaticity
Other aspects of the participant’s mindset
? Deliberation?
Can people form habits if they’re thinking deliberately about the
behavior,
or do they have to be performing it mindlessly?
Do people’s perceptions of automaticity for a behavior depend only on their experience of repetition or also
whether they are thinking deliberately while
repeating?Slide3
Once formed, can habits help maintain healthy behavior?Goals are important to motivate the behavior initially but once strong habits form, goals are no longer necessary
Shifting the weight of self-regulation from willpower to
healthy habits
can help people stay on track toward their long-term goalsSlide4
Today’s talk1) Test the conditions under which habits formRepetition?
Deliberative m
indset
?
2) Asses how habits maintain behavior over time
When intentions change?Slide5
hypothesesEffect of practice on habit formationEffect of deliberation on habit formation
C-R associations & maintenanceSlide6
Across 3 studies, 331 Ps formed habits to make sushi
by adding ingredients to a recipe in a specified order according to instructionsSlide7
Deliberation manipulationStudy 1 (n = 44)
Repeat
:
“
You’re now going to play
a
game in which you learn how to make sushi.”
Study 2 (n = 73)
Deliberate
:
Study 1 + “
Try to learn the task because you’ll need to do it later without any instructions.”
Study 3 (n =
214)
Repeat
(Study 1) vs
Deliberate
:
Study 1 +
"Pay close attention to the steps and try to learn them because you’ll need to remember each step and do it without any instructions at the end of the study
."Slide8
Participants completed 2-3 vs 10 practice trials to learn how to make sushi according to the recipe
HABIT FORMATIONSlide9
Habit strength measure: Context-Response
Associations
Mean RTs for all correct
trialsSlide10
Habit strength measure:
Self-Report Behavioral Automaticity Index
Mean
across all 4 itemsSlide11
intention change manipulationCustomize your sushi by
choosing a new ingredient
. Add the new ingredient after the vinegar step in the recipe.
vsSlide12
Habit persistence
measure:
3 sushi trials without instructions
slips/ total Errors
After test, again rated their intentions to add the new ingredientSlide13
RESULTS1) Test the conditions under which habits formRepetition?
Deliberative mindset
?
2) Asses how habits maintain behavior over time
When intentions change?Slide14
DELIBERATION IMPEDED HABIT FORMATIONNote: Lower RTs are Stronger Associations
Interaction:
F
(1
, 109) = 7.06,
p
= .
009
Interaction:
F
(1
, 208) = 6.46,
p
= .012Slide15
Regardless of mindset, Ps with more practice reported more automaticitySlide16
RESULTS1) Test the conditions under which habits formRepetition?
Deliberate m
indset
?
2) Asses how habits maintain behavior over time
When intentions change?Slide17
Habits should maintain behavior even if ps intend to do something new
When I continue making sushi, I intend to use the new ingredient. (1 = strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree
)Slide18
Habits persist despite changing intentionsSlide19
More practiced behaviors were maintained if habits were formed
No mediation for Ps with deliberative instructionsSlide20
Sources of habit persistenceSlide21
Summary
What are the conditions under which habits form? Maintain behavior?
More practice produced stronger habits… unless Ps were deliberative
Deliberative mindset impeded habit formation
Even with strong intentions to do something new, Ps fell back into their established habits
Behavior maintenance via habits
was explained
by formation of strong cognitive associations (and maybe intention change)Slide22
Application to intervention
Formation of healthy habits may be a key to maintenance of behavior change that lasts
Keep people on track for their long-term goals despite temporary shifts in goals and willpower
Use habits to your advantage – rather than a barrier to change, they can become an ally!
Make sure the desired behavior can be performed easily without much
thought in the moment
– too much deliberation will impede habit formationSlide23
Thank you
More info: jenlabrecque.com