Fiction Stories that are or they are factual Usually written to although some can teach us lessons How Does Fiction Look Written in and Can be organized in ID: 594181
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Slide1
Genre CharacteristicsSlide2
Fiction
Stories that are ________ or ________; they are _____ factual
Usually written to ________, although some can teach us lessonsSlide3
How Does Fiction Look?
Written in ________ and _________
Can be organized in __________
Usually written in ________ or _______Slide4
Characteristics of Fiction
Characters
Setting
Conflict
PlotShort stories usually have one main plot
Novels contain one main plot and many subplots
Point of View
Dialogue/Dialect
Tone
Mood
Theme
Foreshadowing
Flashback
Irony
SymbolismSlide5
Characters
____________
-the leading character, hero, or heroine
____________
-the character who struggles against the leading characterSlide6
Setting
_____ and ______ of a story
This can change throughout the story
Setting can help readers better understand the _______ ____or the ___________Slide7
Conflict
The ________ between a character and some other force in a story; the ________ that must be ________
3 main types:
-man v. man
-man v. nature -man v. selfSlide8
Plot
Plot
-the __________ of the main events in a story
There are ______ parts to a plot:
Exposition
Rising Action
Climax
Falling Action
ResolutionSlide9
Exposition
introduces the
_________
and/or
_________introduces the _________
introduces the _________
Cinderella lives unhappily with her step-mother and two step sisters; an invitation to a ball at the palace arrives.Slide10
Rising Action
Series of events that ________ to the ________
Leads to the climax
A ________ of the plot is spent on the rising action
The step sisters prepare to go to the ball; a fairy godmother appears and gives Cinderella a gown to wear to the ball and coach and footmen to take her there; she goes to the ball and dances with the prince; she leaves at midnight, losing a slipper on the steps; the prince finds the slipper and agrees to marry the woman whom it fits. Slide11
Climax
The point of ________ tension
The ________ point in the story
The conflict can either go in favor of the main character, or against him or her
The prince visits the home of Cinderella; the two sisters try to fit in to the slipper, but Cinderella appears is discovered to be the wearer of the slipper. Slide12
Falling Action
Most of the _______ is _______
All the “loose ends” are tied up
Usually happens very quickly
Cinderella and the prince prepare to marry.Slide13
Resolution
The readers learns what ________ to all the characters
All the problems in the story have been _________
The conflict is resolved
They live happily ever after.Slide14
Point of View
Describes ______ tells the story and ______ it is being told
The _________ of the narrator/character telling the story can greatly influence the _______ and understanding of a story
There are _____ main points of view Slide15
First Person
Point of view
the narrator is a character _________ in the ______ of the story
When reading stories in the first person, the information the narrator is thinking or saying might not be the whole _________
We should _________ the trustworthiness of his/her statements and thoughts, because other characters might have a ________ perspective or opinion
the narrator does _____ participate in the action of the story as one of the characters
The narrator is able to explain the perspectives of more than one _________ in the story, and can let us know exactly how the characters ________
We ______ about the characters through this ________ voice
Third Person
Point of viewSlide16
Dialogue/Dialect
DIALOGUE
-the _______ that takes place between characters
DIALECT
-_________ in language based on geographical (where we’re from) or social (the people we hang out with) __________
Howdy, ya’ll!Slide17
Mood
The _________ or feeling the writer creates for the reader
The characters’ actions and the setting greatly __________ a story’s moodSlide18
Tone
The _______ that an ________takes toward the audience, the subject, or the character.
The manner in which the words would be _______ out loud (sarcastically, angrily, happily)
Tone can be ________ from an author or speaker’s words, and the intent (purpose) behind the words
I wandered, lonely as a cloud
That floats on high over valleys and hills,
When all at once I saw a crowd,
A group of golden daffodils;
Beside the lake, beneath the trees,
Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.
How would this be read? What would the speaker’s tone be?
Grass covers the ground-- the hair of the dead
No creature lurks here
And trees hide their faces from the evil that stalks
And the moon tries in vain the reflect light on the dark places
It is silent
.
How about this one?Slide19
Theme
The _________, or central idea, of a piece of literature
The theme of a fable is its moral. The theme of some other pieces of fiction is its view about life and how people behave.
Some examples are friendship, treating others the way you want to be treated, or equalitySlide20
Foreshadowing
The author’s use of ______ or ______ that allow the reader to infer what _____________in the plot.
Foreshadowing can be direct, such as changes in the setting (storm clouds forming) or more obvious, such as dialogue between characters that indicate their future actions.Slide21
Flashback
An interruption of the action in the plot to present events that occurred ____________________.
Flashbacks can occur as __________ or dreams of characters or as a ____________ piece of dialogue or narration
Allows the reader to learn background information about characters or events to better understand the current plot of the storySlide22
Irony
Verbal irony
-a
contrast between what is _______ and what is ___________ (sarcasm is an example)
Dramatic irony
-the __________ knows something one of the __________ does notSituational irony-the contrast between what __________ and what would be _______ to happen.Slide23
Symbolism
A __________ is something that represents something else
Authors often use characters, their actions or even objects to represent (or symbolize) _____________________
Many times, the symbols in a story help illustrate the _________Slide24
Examples of Fiction
Realistic fiction
Mysteries
Adventure
Historical fiction
Science fictionFantasyFolklore
Myths
Fables
Graphic novels
*these examples can be either short stories or novelsSlide25
Realistic Fiction
Characters resemble _______ people
The ________ is a place that is/could be real
Events are possible in real life
The ________ are those that people might actually face in real lifeSlide26
Science Fiction
Characters could be real, but also could include beings only associated with science (ex. _______ or ________)
The setting is usually in the distant _______ or on another planet
The events sometimes seem possible only through future ________ discovery, and involve _________ technologies that could exist by that timeSlide27
Historical Fiction
Some characters are ________, but others can be real historical figures interacting with fictional characters
The setting is a specific time in ____________ (you can often tell by the way characters speak, how they dress, or the surroundings or items described)
Often involves fictional events that occur __________ that happened in history (ex. elections, wars, illnesses)Slide28
Folklore-Myth
A type of folklore; passed down through storytelling
Usually involves people ___________with supernatural beings or ______ and __________
The setting is usually on earth, or other worlds inhabited by the gods and goddesses
The events often attempt to explain a ________, custom, or natural event in nature (
ie
, hurricanes, seasons)Slide29
Folklore-Fable
A type of folklore; passed down through storytelling
Often include ________ as characters
The setting is often _______, or in the country
The events attempt to teach some ________ or __________
The Tortoise and the HareSlide30
Fantasy
Include _______ realistic characters and settings
However, also includes elements that are _____ realistic such as talking animals, magical powers/objects, or mythical creatures (elves, unicorns, trolls, etc.)
Many times, the setting is ___________ (kings, queens, castles)Slide31
Graphic Novels
Can contain any characteristics of the other forms of fiction (
eg
. fantasy, science fiction)
Written through _______ of pictures that include speech _______ and/or captionsSlide32
Strategies for Reading Fiction
Annotating
Summarize
Ask questions
Make predictions
Offer opinionsCircle and define unknown/new words
Sequence the events on a plot line
Determine the point of view—you will be able to tell the reliability of your narrator
Look for clue words about characters, setting, mood, and theme and highlight themSlide33
Nonfiction
Text that is written about ________, people, events, and places
Written to ________ or ________Slide34
How Does Nonfiction Look?
Provides an outline of important information in a ___________, ________, or ________Slide35
How Does Nonfiction Look?
Each page has words in a variety of
_____
and type
_______.
_______ or ________
fonts may be used to signal _________or phrases.
_________ or _________ may be used to show sources, give important definitions, or explain images. Slide36
How Does Nonfiction Look?
Maps, charts, diagrams, or photographs are usually included to __________ or __________ information
________ or labels must be examined carefully for relevant informationSlide37
Examples of Nonfiction
Biographies/
Autobiographies
Articles
Essays
Journals/DiariesBrochures
Letters
Reference materials: atlas, dictionary, thesaurus, encyclopedia Slide38
Strategies for Reading Nonfiction
Annotating
Summarize
Ask questions
Make predictions
Offer opinionsCircle and define unknown/new words
Preview by reading headings or subheadings
Examine pictures charts, maps, or other graphics closely. How do they relate to the text?
Read any captions or footnotes for additional informationSlide39
Poetry
A genre that uses vivid _________, word patterns, and/or sound qualities to convey a ________ to the reader
Written to __________Slide40
How does poetry look?
Written in lines and ________ (groups of lines)
Does not follow conventional ________ rules
Figurative language is often used to ______________ in the mind of the readerSlide41
Strategies for Reading Poetry
Read the poem two or more times
Read the poem aloud
Look for clue words to determine mood and tone, and read the poem with the correct tone
Figure out who the speaker is
Locate and visualize figurative languageAsk yourself about the poems message or theme. What is the author trying to say here?Slide42
Figurative Language
Using comparisons to help readers _________ or make a _________ with the text
Those two are like peas in a pod.Slide43
Types of Figurative Language
Simile
Metaphor
Hyperbole
OnomatopoeiaPersonificationAlliteration
ImagerySlide44
Simile
A __________ using “like” or “as”
Used to paint a picture in the mind of the reader, by showing how things are __________
What qualities do these two have in common?Slide45
Metaphor
A comparison between two things _______ using “like” or “as”
Paints a picture is the mind of the reader by saying something ______ something else
Life is a highway.Slide46
Hyperbole
An exaggerated statement
Used to _________ size or quantity
The teacher gave us a ton of homework!Slide47
Onomatopoeia
Words created to imitate __________
Appeals to the readers sense of _________
Tick Tock
BAM!
Buzz
Achoo
!
ThumpSlide48
Personification
Giving ________ qualities to inanimate (non-moving) objects
Used to ________ a feature or make something stand out
"Summer Grass" by Carl Sandburg
Summer
grass aches and whispersIt wants something: it calls and
sings
; it
pours out wishes
to the overhead stars.
The
rain
hears; the rain answers; the rain
is slow coming; the
rain
wets
the
face
of the
grass
.Slide49
Alliteration
__________ of initial sounds in neighboring words
Creates ________, emphasizes (by using repetition)
Dancing Dolphins
By Paul McCann
T
hose
t
idal
t
horoughbreds
t
hat
t
ango
t
hrough
t
he
t
urquoise
t
ide.
Their taut tails thrashing they twist in tribute
to the titans.
They twirl through the trek
tumbling towards the tide.
Notice the use of the various “t” sounds throughout this stanza and in the next two.Slide50
Imagery
Appeals to
the _____
senses
Elaborately describes what is seen, heard, felt, smelled, and tasted
The thick heavy smell of sugar tickles my nose, and the sweet, buttery goodness coats my mouth like a blanket. The sharp taste of cinnamon awakens my taste buds, but the soft gooey pastry only leaves me craving more.