PPT-A genome-wide perspective on translation of proteins

Dec 2012 Regulatory Genomics Lecturer Prof Yitzhak Pilpel Teaching assistant Idan Frumkin idanfrumkinweizmannacil Submit Sunday at midnight The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology Expressing the genome. Overview. Focus on:. Structure of DNA/RNA – can I draw it or interpret drawings. DNA Replication – can I describe the basic process. RNA Transcription – can I explain role of each type of RNA. Biosynthesis of Proteins – can I explain the basic process. Jan 2012. Regulatory Genomics. Lecturer: Prof. Yitzhak Pilpel. Selection of codons might affect:. Accuracy. Throughput. Costs. Folding. RNA-structure. C. c. d. dC. cC. Fo. d*C. c*C. Free energy. l’c. BCB 660. October 20, 2011. From Carson Holt. Annotations. Automated. Ab. initio. (based on genomic sequence alone). Involves comparisons to known proteins (BLAST similarity). Sequence motifs such as start/stop . Dec 2012. Regulatory Genomics. Lecturer: Prof. Yitzhak Pilpel. Multiple . codons. for the same amino acid: opportunities for sophisticated control. C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6. Serine: UCU UCC UCA UCG AGC AGU. Objectives. Be able to explain the processes of DNA replication, transcription and translation. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gG7uCskUOrA. Replication. DNA makes an exact copy of itself. Unzips. DNA polymerase unzips the DNA by breaking the weak hydrogen bonds that hold nitrogen bases together. BIOST 2055. 04/01/2015. Human Genome and Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs). 23 chromosome pairs. 3 billion bases. A single nucleotide change between pairs of chromosomes. E.g. . Haplotype1. : AAGG. Proteins account for more than 50% of the dry mass of most cells. Protein functions include structural support, storage, transport, cellular communications, movement, and defense against foreign substances. Nadia Khan, Rick Smith, . and Anna . Kuperman. Epigenetics 2012. Introduction. Most Genome Wide Approaches were adapted from technologies originally developed for detecting methylation at the level of a single gene. Jan Pačes. Institute of Molecular Genetics AS CR. sizes of selected completed genomes. genome. chromosomes. size. genes. Mycoplasma. . genitalium. 0.58 . Mbp. 521. Escherichia coli. 4.6 . Mbp. (5.4. Bas E. Dutilh. March 4. th. 2013. Protein function. Phenotypic. . function. E.g. . apoptosis. GO: . Biological. . process. Cellular. . function. E.g. . ribosome. GO: . Cellular. component. Molecular. High Throughput Sequencing. TexPoint fonts used in EMF: . A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. David Tse. U.C. Berkeley. ITA . Feb , 2013. Research supported by NSF Center for Science of Information.. xxia@uottawa.ca. http://dambe.bio.uottawa.ca. Definitions. Genome: the . entire complement of genetic material carried by an individual. Transcriptome with two definitions:. the . entire set of . transcribable sequences from the genome (operationally all RNA sequences from annotated productive genes in a genome). T.H. Beaty. FaceBase. Meeting. June 5, 2010. Pittsburgh PA. A bit of background. Both cleft lip with/without cleft palate (CL/P) & cleft palate (CP) show strong familial aggregation. Twin & family studies show clear evidence of genetic control. emm1. invasive Group A . Streptococcus. isolated from Belgian patients during 1994˗2013 . J. Coppens. 1. , . B. B. . Xavier,. . J. Sabirova. 1. , C. Lammens. 1. , K. Loens. 2. , S. Malhotra-Kumar.