Building Bharat Mahan - PowerPoint Presentation

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Building Bharat MahanProsperous, Powerful, Intellectual & Ethical India

DR T.H. CHOWDARY

Director: Center for Telecom Management and Studies

Chairman:

Pragna

Bharati

(intellect India

Fellow: Tata Consultancy Services Ltd.)

Director: SIFY,

Terasoft

and

Softsol

Former: Chairman & Managing Director

Videsh

Sanchar Nigam Limited &

Information Technology Advisor,

Government of Andhra Pradesh

T: +91(40) 6667-1191(O) 2784-3121®

F: +91 (40) 6667-1111

hanuman.chowdary@tcs.comSlide2

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Share of World’s GDP *

34

19

21

7

13

6

2008AD

37

21

23

8

7

4

2001AD

32

29

23

8

5

3

1973AD

29

31

28

3

5

4

1950AD

20

39

21

4

8

8

1913AD

22

38

9

2

17

12

1870AD

20

27

2

3

33

15

1820AD

26

21

0

3

25

25

1500AD

25

14

0

1

27

33

1AD

Rest of the World

Europe

USA

Japan

China

India

*(in%)

‏

(Source: Economic Times, 29/1/08)

‏Slide3

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1.8%

3.5%

2006

0.4%

3.0%

1990

2.4%

4.0%

1947

25%

22.6%

1701

Trade

Wealth

Year

India was not poor!

(1)

‏

India’s Share in World TradeSlide4

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18.6

1.7

1900

9.6

17.5

1830

BRITAIN

INDIA

India was not poor!

Share of World’s Industrial Production

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World Population and the Poor

Year Population % of the Poor

1820 1.1 billion 85%

1980 5 billion 30%

2000 6 billion 20%

2007 6.5

bln

18%Slide6

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4500

4000

3500

3000

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0

1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000

Source: Angus Maddison; J.P.Morgan

World GDP per Person, 1000=100

S & T for Wealth Creation

Slide7

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Time taken to double

the per capita income

(2)

‏

7 Y

1.0%

10.0%

15 Y

1.8%

6.5%

70 Y

2.8%

3.5%

Time taken

Population

GDP GrowthSlide8

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Prosperous, Powerful & Intellectual

Prosperous:

Sareeramaadyam Khalu dharma Saadhanam

None respects a poor person/country

India in 1962

Powerful: Japan, Germany are very prosperous; no influence anywhere.

Intellectual: Prosperity & power cannot be sustained w/o creating intellectual prosperity; R & D; How Japan, Korea and now China graduate to become intellectual powers.Slide9

Power

What happened in 1962 & 1971 contrasts

India was defended outside India. Tibet, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, Afghanistan, Gulf

India is “ringed” by China

Chanukya! Mandala Neeti

“ Your neighbour is your enemy

Your neighbour's neighbour is your friend

Your neighbour's, neighbour's neighbour is your alley”

Imperial Chola's – Sailendra, Sri Vijaya Kingdoms, Kampuchea; Angorvat (Onkar Vatika)

Adm.Angre of Marathas worsted the Siddis off Karwar/Panaji

Five Glorious Epochs

The Mahabharata war About 3100 years BC

Missiles, anti-missiles; Theater Nuclear weapons, starwars

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Engineering & Business Professionals / year

Engineers

*

MBAs

MCAs

650,000

(

50,000 in USA)

90,000

( 350,000 in USA)

60,000

About 100,000 are ICT-related

We produce 3.75

mln

grads/year; 18% are science grads

Young 17 Y/22 Y to are in Varsities: Asian AV 15%; world AV: 30%

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10Slide11

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How Equipped is India for Higher Education

*Suggest: Begin having a University for each District

* Every Private Engineering College should be required to grow into a University within 8 years of wind up.

Corporates

to

found.fund

‘Varsities’.

In India we have 8.8

mln

. or 5% of the young in the age group 18 to 23 yrs. in Universities Slide12

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S &T Personnel

(per 1000 persons

)Slide13

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India as base of R&D

Foreign companies setting up Development centers in India

Texas Instruments, Motorola, QUALCOM; HUAEI, ZTE, Microsoft, Alcatel, Siemens, Huawi

Pharma companies too

Chemical companies ( eg: Dupont)

‏

150 of Fortune 500 have R&D centers in IndiaSlide14

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Foreign Companies Engaging Indian intellect

GE – Largest R&D center outside USA is in India in Bangalore with 2300 researchers, double that in Shanghai

GE put in $ 80 mln in the Bangalore R&D facility

GE’s Bangalore R&D field for 260 patents in the USA (37 already approved)

‏

Boeing USA is outsourcing Aircraft design to Russia ( $ 120/ Hr)

Russians are outsourcing parts of the design to HAL (BG) at $ 30/Hr

Gorbachev went to USA to recommend Moscow as Bangalore’s rival!

An Indian retained does the work of 2 or 3 Europeans;

does not take 6 weeks of holidays & costs

one-fourthSlide15

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Some foreign companies’ employees in India

GE Caps

GE Dev

IBM

Oracle

EDS

Texas

16,000

1,800

10,000

6000

3,500

900

Intel

JP Morgan

HUWAI

Siemens

Motorola

1,700

1,200

1,500

2000

1,500Slide16

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Ten-Year Trend in Engineering and Technology PhD Degrees in the United States, China and India

Source: The India Economy Review, 30 Sept 2007, Vol.4; www.iipm.thiktank.comSlide17

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Ten-Year Trend in Engineering and Technology Master’s Degrees in the United States, China and India (Actual and Estimated Data)

Source: The India Economy Review, 30 Sept 2007, Vol.4; www.iipm.thiktank.comSlide18

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ETHICS !!

Ethical: Ravan was P, P&I but unethical, ignoble America has P, P & I but, Vietnam, Iraq?

USSR: Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Afghanistan-Slide19

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Education

Vidya:

Vid

to know

Discovering the divine potential

Learning and excellence

Guru as Guide, Father, friend and lover

Continuous learning

Vidyarthi



StudentSlide20

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What is Education

(1)

Education is a liberating force, enables the individual to rise form mere materiality to superior planes of intellectual and spiritual consciousness .

 Education gives us accumulated lessons of heritage to carry it forward to posterity .

The past is our foundation, the present our material, the future our aim and summit. Each must have its due and natural place in a national system of education.

– Sri Aurobindo Slide21

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We want that education by which

character is formed,

strength of mind is increased,

the intellect is expanded and by which

one can stand on one’s own feet.

Education is the manifestation of the perfection already in man - Swami Vivekananda

What is Education (2)Slide22

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I firmly believe the efficacy of the education as a panacea for our social evils

- Dr.B.R. Ambedkar

Education is the process of individual mind getting its full possible development…. It is a long school which losts a life time

-Dr Zakir Hussain

Vidyayaa Vindate Amritam

Aatmanaa Vindate Veeryam

-Deathlessness is attained by knowledge

Valour is attained by self (discipline)

What is Education (3)Slide23

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What is Education

(4)

Education should address the problems of national

development, particularly issues concerning self-reliance,

economic growth, employment and social and national

integration.

Education is visualised as an evolutionary force so that each individual is enabled to evolve from purely material consciousness towards superior planes of intellectual and spiritual consciousness

-The Education Commission (1966)Slide24

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What is Education

(5)

Education aims at liberation - liberation from bondage and ignorance, backwardness and gravitational pulls of the lower human nature.

Education should be so designed as to become a powerful carrier of the best of the heritage and it should, therefore, aim at transmitting to the new generations the lessons of the accumulated experiences of the past for further progress in the present and the future.

Source: “Higher Education in India – Vision and Action” GOI’s paper for UNESCO Oct. 1998)Slide25

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Training X Education

Animals can be trained (as in Circus);

only humans can be educated

. Preparation for examination by tutors, coaches, guides and teachers is not education; great performance like 98% marks in examinations is not education. Education has the following attributes in the inimitable words of great savants Slide26

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All men are created equal. But their growth and accomplishments and status in life are

mostly unequal

. Some are even

more equal than others

in the ideals states that some political systems claimed to have established. (They have since vanished).

Created equal: Grow unequalSlide27

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Inequality: Consequences of Difference in Education

Inequality in life arises due to the difference in education that is imparted in/acquired by children in the

home, school, and the place of worship

, (in Telugu ‘

odi, badi, gudi’).Slide28

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Instill Culture in Students

Obedience to unenforceable laws

Adding to the sum total of happiness

Memorising Satakas (Sumathi & Vemana) & Subhashitas (Bhartrihari)

Lincoln’s Letter to the Teacher of his son Slide29

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Values in Bharatiya Vidya

Man cannot live by bread alone. - Bible

Na vittena Tarpaneeyo manushyah

Atmana vindate Veeryam -Katha

Vidyaya vindate Amritam

Isa vasyamidam Jagat -Isha

Parasparam Bhavayansah -Gita

Sreyo ParamavaapsyathaSlide30

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What Values

(1)

Aatmaupanyena sarvatra samam pasyati

Itite gnaanamaakhyaatam.......

Guhyaat guhyataram mayaa

Etadaseshena vimrasya yathechasi, tathaa kuru

- Bh.Gita 18:62

No dogma freedom to think and actSlide31

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What Values

(2)

Respect for elders & others

Matru devo bhava…….Sravan Kumar…….

Lokasangraha

Patriotism (& nationalism)

Jananee Janma Bhoomischa Swargaadapi Gariyasi......

Kacha’s exampleSlide32

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What Values

(3)

“To develop fully your own character, you must know your country’s character.

A plant partakes of the character of the soil in which it grows. You are a plant that is

conscious,

that thinks. You must study your soil – which is your country --- in order that you may be able to draw its strength up into your own strength”.

Dwight D.Eisenhover Slide33

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What Values

(4)

Therefore,

teachers who are makers of men and visionaries for a country and nation, must give an inspiring account of the history of their country, their heritage, culture and heroes of the country to students, so that in addition to attaining excellence in whatever branch of study and knowledge they specialize,

they also become architects and builders of a great nation

. India had been one as scholarly sketched by the great historian, A L Basham in his book,

“The Wonder That Was India” Slide34

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Values:

Entitlement, Employment &

Entrepreneurship

You cannot bring about prosperity by discouraging thrift.

You cannot strengthen the weak by weakening the strong.

You cannot help the poor by destroying the rich.

You cannot establish sound security on borrowed money.

You cannot keep out trouble by spending more than you earn.

You cannot build character and courage

by taking away man’s initiative and independence.

You cannot help men permanently by doing for them What they could do for themselves.” - Abraham Lincoln

(Source: Freedom First, May 1989)Slide35

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Our own sages have exhorted students thus:

Om Sahanaavavatu, sahanu bhunaktu

Sahaveeryam Karavaavahaih

Tejasvinaavadheetamastu

Maa Vidvishaavahaih,

Om! Shantih, shantih, shantih!Slide36

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How do we learn?

Paadam gurubhyah

Paadam brahmachaaribhyah

Paadam swamedhayaa

Paadam kaalakramenacha

Life-long learning for

Life-long employabilitySlide37

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The Oath Guru Administers

I exhort you as follows:

Speak the truth.

Walk in the way of the duty

Neglect not the study of higher knowledge

Treat they teacher with respect and gratitude.

And fail not in taking upon thyself the burden of lifeSlide38

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Happiness:

(1)

The man that hath no music in himself

Nor is not moved with concord of sweet sounds

Is fit for treasons, stratagems and spoils

The motious of his spirit are dull as night,

And his affections dark as E rebus

Let no such man be trusted

- Shakespeare in Merchant of Venice Slide39

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Happiness

(2)

Character of a Happy Life

How happy is he born and taught

That serveth not another’s will;

Whose armour is his honest thought,

And simple truth his utmost skill;

Whose passions not his masters are;

Whose soul is still prepared for death,

Untied unto the world by care

Of public fame or private breath; Who envies none that chance doth raise

Nor vice; who never understood

How deepest wounds are given by praise;

Nor rules of state, but rules of good; Who hath his life from rumours freed;Slide40

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Happiness

(3)

Whose conscience is his strong retreat;

Whose state can neither flatterers feed,

Nor ruin make oppressors great;

Who God doth late and early pray\More of his grace than gifts to lend

And entertains the harmless day

With a religious book or friend

This man is freed from servile bands

Of hope to rise or fear to fall;

Lord of himself, though not of lands,

And having nothing, yet hath all.

-Sir Henry WottonSlide41

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DOGMA OR FREE THINKING

Where the mind is without fear and the head is held high;

Where knowledge is free;

Where the world has not been broken

Up into fragments by narrow domestic walls;

Where words come out from the depth of truth;

Where tireless starving stretches its arms towards perfection;

Where the clear street of reason has not lost its way into the dreary desert

sand of dead habit;

Where the mind is led forward by Thee into ever-widening thought and action

Into that heaven of freedom, my father, let my country awake.

-Gurudev Rabindranath TagoreSlide42

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Success and Risk

Don’t keep forever on the public road, going only where other have gone. Leave the beaten path occasionally and dive into the woods. You will be certain to find something you have never seen before. It will be a little thing but do not ignore it. Follow it up; explore around it, one discovery will lead to another and before you know it, you will have something really worth thinking about

Alexander Graham BellSlide43

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Success

Sow a thought and reap an act

Sow an act, reap a habit

Sow a habit, reap a character

Sow a character, reap a destinySlide44

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Risk and Reward

I shall be telling with a sigh

Somewhere ages and ages hence

Two roads diverged in the woods and I

I took the one less travelled by

And that has made all the difference - Robert FrostSlide45

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Lives of Great Men

Lives of great men all remind us

We can make our lives sublime

And, departing, leave behind us

Foot prints on the sands of time

– Long fellowSlide46

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Auto-biographies/ Life story of great men

Lives of great men all remind us we may make our lives sublime and departing leave behind us foot prints on the sands of time.

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar

Lee Kuan Yew

Henry Ford

Jamshedji Tata, Dhirubhai Ambani, G D Birla

Khrushchev, Gorbachev

Ben Gurion, Golda Meir

Balagangadhar Tilak – Gita Rahasya

Margaret Thatcher

Irvine Shroedinger

Andy Grove

Einstein

Oppenhammer

Betrand Russel

K M Munshi

Rajaji

M C ChaglaSlide47

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Dhanyawad:

Thank YouSlide48

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BHARAT MAHAN!

(Intellectuals estimate of India)

India is the only country which never

invaded any foreign country

“India conquered and dominated China culturally for 20 centuries without even having to send a single soldier across her border”.

-

HU SHIH

,

Former Ambassador of China to USASlide49

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Bhaskaracharya (5th century AD) calculated the time taken by the earth to orbit the sun hundreds ofyears before the astromer Smart. Time taken by earth to orbit the sun: 365.258756484 days.



The art of Navigation was born in the river Sindh 6000 years ago. The very word Navigation is derived from the Sanskrit words NAV Gatih. The word navy is also derived from Sanskrit ‘

Nou’

BHARAT MAHAN! : Science & Technology Slide50

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Budhayana first calculated the value of pi, and he explained the concept of what is known as the Pythagorean Theorem. He discovered this in the 6th century long before the European mathematicians.



Algebra, trigonometry and calculus came from India. Sridharacharya propounded quadratic equations in the 11th century.

BHARAT MAHAN! : Science & Technology Slide51

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The largest numbers the Greeks and the Romans used were 10

6

whereas Hindus used numbers as big as 10

53

with specific names as early as 5000 BCE during the Vedic period. Even today, the largest used number is Peta: 10

15.

The place value system, the decimal system was developed in India in 100 BC. India invented the Number System.

 Zero was invented by Aryabhatta.

BHARAT MAHAN! : Science & Technology Slide52

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

Sushruta is the father of surgery, 2600 years ago he and health scientists of his time conducted complicated surgeries like cesareans, cataracts, artificial legs, fractures, urinary stones and even plastic surgery and brain surgery. Usage of anesthesia was well known in ancient India. Over 125 surgical equipment was used. Deep knowledge of anatomy, physiology, etiology, embryology, digestion, metabolism, genetics and immunity is also found in many texts.

BHARAT MAHAN! : Science & Technology Slide53

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Ayurveda is the earliest school of medicine known to humans. Charaka, the father of medicine consolidated Ayurveda 2500 years ago. Today Yoga and Ayurveda are fast regaining its rightful place in our civilization.



The earliest reservoir and dam for irrigation was built in Saurashtra. According to Saka King Rudradaman I of 150 CE a beautiful lake aptly called ‘Sudarshana’ was constructed on the hills of Raivataka during Chandragupta Maurya’s time.

BHARAT MAHAN! : Science & Technology Slide54

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“If I were to look over the whole world to find out the country

most richly endowed with all the wealth, power and beauty that

nature can bestow-in some parts a very paradise on earth - I should

point to India. If I were to asked under what sky the human mind has most fully developed the choicest gifts, has most deeply pondered on the greatest problems of life, and has found solution of some of them which well deserve the attention even of those who have studied Plato and Kant - I should point to India. And if I were

to ask myself from what literature we here in Europe, we who have been nurtured almost exclusively on the thought of Greeks and Romans, and of one Semitic race, the Jewish, may draw that corrective which is most wanted in order to make our inner life more truly human, a life not for this life only, but a transfigured and eternal life -- again I should point to India”.

-MAX MULLER

BHARAT MAHAN!Slide55

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“India was the motherland of our race, and

Sanskrit the mother of Europe’s languages; she

was the mother of our philosophy; mother,

through the Arabs, of much of our mathematics; mother, through the Buddha, of ideals embodied in Christianity; mother, through the village community, of self-government and democracy. Mother India is

in many ways the mother of us all”. -WILL DURANT

BHARAT MAHAN!Slide56

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“Whenever I have read any part of the Vedas, I

have felt that some unearthly and unknown light

illuminated me. In the great teaching of the

Vedas, there is no touch of the sectarianism. It is of ages, climes, and nationalities and is the royal road for the attainment of the Great Knowledge. When I am at it, I feel that I am under the spangled heavens of a summer night”.

-HENRY DAVID THOREAU

BHARAT MAHAN!Slide57

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Dhanyawad:

Thank You