an antigen to stimulate the immune response through active immunity Stimulates the proliferation of T and B cells resulting in the formation of effector and memory cells stimulates acquired immunity without disease pathology ID: 699885
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Slide1
VaccinationsSlide2
Purpose
Expose body to antigens so that memory cells are made without causing
disease– stimulates acquired immunity without disease pathologySlide3Slide4
Types of Vaccines
Live
Unattenuated
– unaltered pathogen given RareEx. Small pox vaccine – use live, unaltered cow pox vaccine
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yqUFy-t4MlQSlide5Slide6
Live Attenuated – altered/weakened to remove virulence
Should not be given to
immunocompromised
individualsMMR, nasal flu, chicken pox, oral polio, yellow fever, rabiesLess need for boosters than killed vaccinesCan be administered in a variety of waysSlide7Slide8
Killed/Inactivated – use chemicals or heat to kill and are not infectious
Polio shot, flu shot, cholera, pertussis (whooping cough)
Usually require booster shots
Safe to give immunocompromised individualsSlide9Slide10
Toxoids – stimulates body to produce antibodies to toxins produced by bacteria rather than the bacteria itself
Diptheria
, tetanusSlide11Slide12
Risks
In live vaccines, there is a low risk that the vaccine will cause the disease (more likely in
immunocompromised
individuals)Occasionally a vaccine can overstimulate the immune systemSome vaccines are made with ingredients that may cause allergic reactions (egg is most common)Slide13
Herd Immunity
I
f
most of the people in a community have been immunized and are protected from an infectious agent, the chance of a susceptible (i.e. unimmunized) individual contacting an infected individual is so low that the susceptible person is not likely to become infected.Slide14