PPT-Chapter 12 Section 4: Gene Regulation and Mutations

Main idea Gene expression is regulated by the cell and mutations can affect this expression Gene Regulation Cells have the ability to control which genes are transcribed and when they are transcribed. And 57375en 57375ere Were None meets the standard for Range of Reading and Level of Text Complexity for grade 8 Its structure pacing and universal appeal make it an appropriate reading choice for reluctant readers 57375e book also o57373ers students Changes in . DNA. that affect genetic information. Gene Mutations. Point Mutations – changes . in one or a few. nucleotides. Substitution. THE FAT CAT ATE THE RAT. THE FAT HAT ATE THE RAT. Insertion. Mutations are changes in the genetic material. . Mutations may be genetic mutations or chromosomal mutations.. Genetic Mutations occur in the “code” on DNA or mRNA. Mistakes in . copying the DNA :. Structure dictates function . Prokaryotic transcription is simpler. DNA exists in one chromosome . Less non-coding sequence. RNA polymerase binds the promoter directly. Genes are clustered into functional groups called operons. Ireen Kiwelu. Kilimanjaro International PhD symposium. KCMC, Nov 28, 2013. Supervisors. Prof. . Max . Essex. 1. Dr. . Vladmir. . Novitsky. 1. Prof. . Saidi. . Kapiga. . 2. . Dr. Rachel Manongi. Draw 8 boxes on your paper. Gene regulation accounts for some of the phenotypic differences between organisms with similar genes.. 2005-2006. Gene regulation in bacteria. Control of gene expression enables individual bacteria to adjust their metabolism to environmental change. Point mutations. single base change . silent mutation. no amino acid change. redundancy in code. missense. change amino acid. Changes the final protien. nonsense. change to stop codon. Stopping prematurely . The sequence of bases in DNA are like the letters of a coded message or even the letters of a simple alphabet. . If we change the sequence of the letters do we change the nature of the message?. That . The types of proteins an organism possesses depend upon the . sequence of nucleotides. The two main types of gene mutations include:. Point mutation: one base pair is replaced for another base pair.. permanent change . in the DNA sequence of a gene. .. . Mutations . in a . gene's DNA sequence. can alter . the amino acid sequence . of the . protein. encoded by the gene.. GOOD BAD NEUTRAL. Can the letters of any word be rearranged to form another word in English? Give examples. . If you rearranged the letters at random, is it likely that you would form another English word? Explain your answer. . What if it’s NOT just the number?. Gene Mutations. Damaged Chromosomes . –. sometimes a portion of a gene or chromosome is lost or damaged during meiosis. Gene mutation. – a mutation that affects the gene. mutation. Mutations. Actual Mutations . in fruit flies. What is a mutation?. A mutation is any change in a cell’s DNA. A mutation can occur in an individual gene. - results in a single changed protein. mutation. Mutations. Ectrodactyly. Progeria. Hypertrichosis. Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Disorder (SCID). Sickle Cell Anemia. Heterochromia. iridium. What is a mutation?. @A . mutation is any change in a cell’s .