Level 4 Cause and Effect Essays Causes Essay Topic - PowerPoint Presentation

Level 4Cause and Effect Essays

Causes Essay Topic Effects 1) people want jobs a ) Global warming i ) death 2) ne ed to protect the country b ) Military service for men ii ) army is stronger 3) too many people use their cars c ) People moving to cities iii ) rising sea levels 4) burning fossil fuels d ) Childhood obesity iv ) women develop the country 5) bad driving e) Traffic jams in cities v ) air pollution 6 ) playing computer games instead of sports f ) High levels of stress v i ) overcrowding 7 ) too much work to do g ) W omen studying at university vii ) rise in diabetes 8 ) it is free h ) Car accidents v i ii ) cannot relax TASK 2: CAUSE AND EFFECT ESSAYS   Match the causes and effects that go with the essay topics.

Which of these make you feel stressed?visiting the dentist exams getting a manicure meeting new people public speaking playing computer gamesIELTStoo much homework eating ice creamchatting with your teacherspending time with family moving from high school to university

Discuss these questions with your partner . Do you feel stressed? When? Why do people feel stressed?What are some effects of stress?What can people do to reduce stress?What are some stressful periods in a person’s life?When is stress a good thing?

Stress is a major problem in many countries around the world. What are some of the causes and effects of stress?INTRODUCTION 1 )Mental health is as important as physical health. 2)Stress is common in modern society and it is not good for people’s mental wellbeing. It is an important issue because of its possible impact on individuals, families and societies. 3)The following essay will discuss some of the causes and effects of stress.1 ) General Background - C2) Essay Topic - A3) Thesis - B

BODY PARAGRAPH 1 4)To begin with, there are several causes of stress. 5)The most important one is that employers give their workers too much responsibility. 6)This is a problem because when workers cannot finish their work, they feel worried. 7)As a result, they cannot relax and they have high stress levels. 8)Another cause of stress is that people have to take care of a family member who is old or very sick. 9)For example, if people have to look after an old person all the time, they may feel like they cannot do what they want in their life. 10)Consequently, they become stressed and dissatisfied with life.4) Topic Sentence (Causes) - H5) 1st Cause - G 6) Explanation - I7) Result - D8) 2nd Cause - F 9) Example + Condition + Result - J10) Result - E

BODY PARAGRAPH 2   11)Stress has some significant effects. 12)The main one is that it can affect people’s health. 13)For example, people who have too much stress can develop high blood pressure and heart problems. 14)Because of this, they may have to stop working, or they may even die. 15)In addition, stress results in some people taking up bad habits, such as smoking or drugs, to feel better. 16)If they develop an addiction, they may focus on it and neglect their families. Hence, their family life may suffer.11) Topic Sentence (Effects) - M12) 1st Effect - P13) Example - L 14) Result - Q15) 2nd Effect - K 16) Condition + Result - N17) Result - O

CONCLUSION 18)In conclusion, stress has several causes and effects. 19)Two of the main causes are overworked employees and looking after elderly or sick people in the family, while the resulting effects are problems which are health-related and developing addictions. 20)Therefore , I believe that people should find a way to reduce stress by exercising or doing things that they like. 18) Thesis again - S 19) Summary of Main Ideas - T 20) Opinion / Advice - R

Stress is a major problem in many countries around the world. What are some of the causes and effects of stress? Mental health is as important as physical health. Stress is common in modern society and it is not good for people’s mental wellbeing. It is an important issue because of its possible impact on individuals, families and societies. 1)The following essay will discuss some of the causes and effects of stress.   2)To begin with, there are several causes of stress. 3)The most important one is that employers give their workers too much responsibility. This is a problem because when workers cannot finish their work, they feel worried. As a result, they cannot relax and they have high stress levels. 4)Another cause of stress 5)is that people have to take care of a family member who is old or very sick. For example, if people have to look after an old person all the time, they may feel like they cannot do what they want in their life. Consequently, they become stressed and dissatisfied with life.

Stress 6)has some significant effects. 7)The main one is that it can affect people’s health. For example, people who have too much stress can develop high blood pressure and heart problems. Because of this, they may have to stop working, or they may even die. 8)In addition , stress 9)results in some people taking up bad habits, such as smoking or drugs, to feel better. If they develop an addiction, they may focus on it and neglect their families. Consequently, their family life may suffer.  10)In conclusion, stress 11)has several causes and effects. 12)Two of the main causes are overworked employees and looking after elderly or sick people in the family, 13)while the resulting effects are problems which are health-related and developing addictions. 14)Therefore, I believe that people should find a way to reduce stress by exercising or doing things that they like.

Traffic jams are a major problem in many cities around the world. What are some of the causes and effects of traffic jams in cities? 1) The following essay will discuss some of the causes and effects of traffic congestion in cities . 2 ) To begin with, there are several causes of traffic jams in cities.3) The most important one is that too many people use their cars at the same time.4 ) Another cause of traffic jams is that there are not enough people who use public transport.

5) Traffic jams have some significant effects. 6) The main one is that they can produce air pollution. 7 ) In addition, traffic jams result in more accidents. 8) In conclusion, traffic jams have several causes and effects. 9) Two of the main causes are too many people using cars and not enough people using public transport ,10) while the resulting effects are air pollution and an increase in accidents.11) Therefore, I believe that people should use public transport more and drive their own cars less.

Global WarmingWhat is global warming? Choose one.(A) Less rain over the seas.(B) Earth getting hotter.(C) Air pollution. (D) Using oil and gas for burning .

Watch the You Tube video about global warming. Which of the causes and effects do you hear? Factories, power plants and cars burning fossil fuels CAUSES EFFECTS Extra greenhouse gases released by humans Sun’s energy Sea ice getting smallerRising sea levelsFloodingChanging weather patterns More hurricanesSevere droughtsExtinction of some animalsSmoking Using mobile phonesDesertsTraffic jamsHigher petrol prices Trees grow fasterHigher unemployment

4) slow -2) connected to the world - 1) connected to nature - Find a word or words in each paragraph to match the meanings below. Then, decide if they are nouns, verbs or adjectives. Today, there are many environmental problems in the world. One of these is global warming, which is the gradual increase in average temperature around the world. It is an important issue because of its possible impact on people. The following essay will discuss some of the causes and effects of global warming. environmental adjglobal adjwarming noun3) rising temperature - gradual adjGlobal warming is one of the most serious issues that the world is facing today. What are some of the causes and effects of global warming? average adj5) regular/normal - important adj 6) serious – issue noun7) problem/topic – impact noun 8) effect –

2) power – 1) e.g. oil - To begin with, there are several causes of global warming. The most important one is that too many people burn fossil fuels, such as oil and coal, for energy. This is a problem because burning these fuels produces carbon dioxide. For example, every day billions of people use cars which burn petrol and add more carbon dioxide gas into the air. Because carbon dioxide traps heat, this leads to higher global temperatures. Another cause of global warming is that people are cutting down more and more trees. Trees remove carbon dioxide from the air, so if there are fewer trees, there may be more carbon dioxide in the air. fossil fuels nounenergy noun carbon dioxide noun3) a gas, CO2 - - traps verb4) catches and holds – heat noun5) high temperature – remove verb6) take away –

4) edge of the land and the sea – 2) amount of water in the sea - 1) very , very important – Global warming has some significant effects. The main one is that sea levels are rising. This is because snow and ice in many parts of the world are melting faster and going into the sea. For instance, the ice in the North Pole is now much smaller than it used to be. If sea levels rise too much, some cities and farmland on the coast may go underwater. In addition, global warming results in stronger storms such as hurricanes and cyclones. When the sea is warmer, more water goes up into the clouds and this makes more powerful storms. Consequently, there is more heavy rain and more flooding.significant adjsea levels nounare melting verb3) are turning from ice to water – coast nounhurricanes noun5) very, very bad weather – cyclones noun6) very, very bad weather – powerful adj7) strong – flooding noun 8) too much water on the land –

2) consequent – 1) using something too much – I n conclusion, global warming has several causes and effects. Two of the main causes are people overusing fossil fuels and cutting down trees, while the resulting effects are sea levels rising and more dangerous storms. Therefore, I believe that people who need energy should use less fossil fuels and more solar power.overusing nounresulting adj dangerous adj3) unsafe – solar power noun4) energy from the sun -

TASK 2 CAUSE AND EFFECT ESSAYSVOCABULARY

TASK 2 CAUSE AND EFFECT ESSAYSGRAMMARGerunds (~ing forms)

Subjects and VerbsOverusing water is becoming a serious problem in many countries. Subject (Gerund) Verb (Present Continuous) Flooding in wadis is a big problem when it rains. Trapping heat in the air makes the Earth warmer.Burning fossil fuels produces carbon dioxide.Global warming will cause major problems for our children and grandchildren. Driving too fast is dangerous. Subject (Gerund)Verb Subject (Gerund)Verb Subject (Gerund)Verb Subject (Gerund)Verb Subject (Gerund)Verb

Grammar - Gerunds (-ing)A gerund is a noun. It can be in the subject or object of a sentence. It can be one word or in a group of words. To make a gerund, use verb- ing . It may look like a verb, but it is a noun! Smoking causes cancer.Subject Object  Doctors don’t recommend pregnant women smoking. Subject Object Gerund as subject. Gerund is one word. Gerund as object. Gerund in a group of words.

One of these is global warming, which is …………The following essay will discuss some of the causes and effects of global warming . To begin with, there are several causes of global warming.Grammar - Gerunds (-ing) Object Gerund Object GerundObject Gerund

Another cause of global warming is that people are cutting down more and more trees. Global warming has some significant effects. In addition, global warming results in stronger storms such as hurricanes and cyclones. In conclusion, global warming has several causes and effect Subject GerundSubject Gerund Subject Gerund Subject Gerund