Indrek Jentson University of Tartu indrekjentsonutee VerbNet VerbNet 32 covers 6340 English verbs in 273 classes and 214 subclasses Each VN class contains a set of syntactic descriptions or syntactic frames depicting the possible surface realizations of the argument struc ID: 202444
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "Project: The GF grammar for deeper seman..." is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
Project: The GF grammar for deeper semantical approach
Indrek Jentson
University
of
Tartu
indrek.jentson@ut.eeSlide2
VerbNet
VerbNet
3.2 covers 6340 English verbs in 273 classes and 214 subclasses.
Each
VN class contains a set of syntactic descriptions, or syntactic frames, depicting the possible surface realizations of the argument structure for constructions such as transitive, intransitive, prepositional phrases, resultatives, and a large set of diathesis alternations. Semantic restrictions (such as animate, human, organization) are used to constrain the types of thematic roles allowed by the arguments, and further restrictions may be imposed to indicate the syntactic nature of the constituent likely to be associated with the thematic role. Syntactic frames may also be constrained in terms of which prepositions are allowed
.
http://verbs.colorado.edu/~mpalmer/projects/verbnet.htmlSlide3
VN class example
VN
Class
: admire_31_2
Members
:
abhor
,
admire
,
adore
,
affirm
,
applaud
,
appreciate
,
bear
,
believe
,
bewail
,
cherish
,
deify
,
deplore
,
detest
,
disbelieve
,
distrust
,
dread
,
envy
,
esteem
,
exalt
,
execrate
,
fancy
,
favor
,
grudge
,
idolize
, lament,
loathe
, miss,
mistrust
,
mourn
,
pity
,
prefer
,
prize
,
reaffirm
,
relish
,
resent
,
respect
,
revere
,
rue
,
savor
,
stand
,
suffer
,
support
,
tolerate
,
treasure
, trust,
value
,
venerate
,
worship
Roles
:
Experiencer
[+
animate
],
Stimulus
,
Attribute
Frames
:
NP V NP
example
"
The tourists admired the paintings."
syntax
Experiencer
V
Stimulus
semantics
emotional_state
(E
, Emotion, Experiencer)
in_reaction_to
(E, Stimulus)
NP
V NP
PP.attribute
example
"
I admired him for his honesty."
syntax
Experiencer
V
Stimulus
{for}
Attribute
semantics
emotional_state
(E
, Emotion, Experiencer)
in_reaction_to
(E, Stimulus,
Attribute)
http://verbs.colorado.edu/verb-index/vn/admire-31.2.php#admire-31.2Slide4
Problems
How
to define the
argument structure
and
thematic roles
of the verb class in the
abstract syntax
?
How
to define the
possible syntactic representations
in the
concrete syntax
?
How
to define the proposed
semantic restrictions
in the level of
abstract syntax
and apply them to constrain values for verb arguments?
How
to define and apply the proposed
syntactic restrictions
in the
concrete syntax
?
How
to define that a verb subclass
inherits
all the information from its parent class?
How
to define the
membership
of each VN class? Slide5
Thematic roles
in
abstract
abstract
Roles
=
Cat
** {
cat
Experiencer_R
;
Stimulus_R
;
Attribute_R
;
fun
ExpRole
: NP ->
Experiencer_R
;
StimRole
: NP ->
Stimulus_R
;
AttrRole
: NP ->
Attribute_R
;
StimRoleS
: S ->
Stimulus_R
;
ExpRoleAsNP
:
Experiencer_R
-> NP ;
StimRoleAsNP
:
Stimulus_R
-> NP ;
AttrRoleAsNP
:
Attribute_R
-> NP ;
StimRoleAsS
:
Stimulus_R
-> S ;
}Slide6
Thematic roles in
concrete
concrete
RolesEng
of
Roles
=
CatEng
**
open
(C =
ConstructorsEng
), (P =
ParadigmsEng
)
in
{
param
SemRes
=
Abstract
|
Animal
|
Animate
|
Artifact
|
Body_part
|
Comestible
|
Communication
|
Concrete
|
Currency
|
Dest
|
Dest_conf
|
Dest_dir
| Dir |
Elongated
|
Force
|
Garment
|
Human
|
Int_control
|
Loc
|
Location
|
Machine
|
Nonrigid
|
Object
|
Organization
|
Path
|
Phys_obj
|
Place
|
Plant
|
Plural
|
Pointed
|
Pointy
|
Refl
|
Region
|
Scalar
|
Solid
|
Sound
|
Spatial
|
Src
|
State
|
Substance
| Time | Tool |
Vehicle
;
lincat
Experiencer_R
,
Stimulus_R
,
Attribute_R
= {
np
:
NP
; s : S; r :
SemRes
}
;
lin
ExpRole
n = {
np
= n ; s =
C.mkS
(
C.mkCl
(
P.mkN
Predef.nonExist
)); r =
Animate
};
StimRole
n = {
np
= n ; s =
C.mkS
(
C.mkCl
(
P.mkN
Predef.nonExist
)); r =
Animate
};
AttrRole
n = {
np
= n ; s =
C.mkS
(
C.mkCl
(
P.mkN
Predef.nonExist
)); r =
Abstract
};
StimRoleS
x = {
np
=
C.mkNP
(
P.mkN
Predef.nonExist
) ; s = x ; r =
Abstract
};
ExpRoleAsNP
r =
r.np
;
StimRoleAsNP
r =
r.np
;
AttrRoleAsNP
r =
r.np
;
StimRoleAsS
r =
r.s
;
}Slide7
Verb classes in
abstract
abstract
VNC_31_2 =
VNSyntax
,
Roles
** {
cat
Admire_VC
;
fun
mkAdmire
: VNV ->
Admire_VC
;
use2pAdmire :
Admire_VC
->
Experiencer_R
->
Stimulus_R
-> VNCL ;
use3pAdmire :
Admire_VC
->
Experiencer_R
->
Stimulus_R
->
Attribute_R
-> VNCL ;
}
abstract
VNC_31_2_1 = VNC_31_2 ** {
cat
Love_VC
;
fun
mkLove
: VNV ->
Love_VC
;
use2pLove :
Love_VC
->
Experiencer_R
->
Stimulus_R
-> VNCL ;
use2pLoveAsAdmire :
Love_VC
->
Admire_VC
;
--
makes
possible
to
use
class
Love
as
subclass
of
Admire
}Slide8
Verb classes in
concrete
concrete
VNC_31_2Eng
of
VNC_31_2 =
VNSyntaxEng
,
RolesEng
**
open
(C =
ConstructorsEng
), (P =
ParadigmsEng
),
Constructors
in
{
lincat
Admire_VC
= VNV ;
lin
mkAdmire
v = v ;
use2pAdmire v
exp
stim
=
case
exp.r
of
{
--
Experiencer
V
Stimulus
[<+
that_comp
> |
<+
be_sc_ing
> |
<+
poss_ing
>]
Animate
=> (
C.mkCl
(
ExpRoleAsNP
exp
) (P.mkV2 v) (
StimRoleAsNP
stim
)
--
"
The
tourists
admired
the
paintings
." / NP V NP
|
C.mkCl
(
ExpRoleAsNP
exp
) (
P.mkVS
v) (
StimRoleAsS
stim
)
--
"
The
children
liked
that
the
clown
had
a
red
nose
." / NP V
that
S
--
"I loved
writing
." / NP V
S_ING --
"I loved
him
writing
novels
." / NP V NP S_ING
) ;
_ =>
C.mkCl
(
P.mkN
Predef.nonExist
)
} ;
use3pAdmire v
exp
stim
attr
=
case
exp.r
of
{
--
Experiencer
V
Stimulus
{
for
}
Attribute
Animate
=>
C.mkCl
(
ExpRoleAsNP
exp
)(
P.mkV3 v
for_Prep
)(
StimRoleAsNP
stim
)(
AttrRoleAsNP
attr
);
_ =>
C.mkCl
(
P.mkN
Predef.nonExist
)
} ;Slide9
Members of verb
classes
in
abs
.
abstract
VNLexicon
=
VNSyntax
, VNC_31_2, VNC_31_2_1 ** {
fun
--
Admire_VC
abhor_vnV
:
Admire_VC
;
admire_vnV
:
Admire_VC
;
adore_vnV
:
Admire_VC
;
affirm_vnV
:
Admire_VC
;
applaud_vnV
:
Admire_VC
;
...
--
Love_VC
despise_vnV
:
Love_VC
;
disdain_vnV
:
Love_VC
;
dislike_vnV
:
Love_VC
;
enjoy_vnV
:
Love_VC
;
fear_vnV
:
Love_VC
;
hate_vnV
:
Love_VC
;
like_vnV
:
Love_VC
;
love_vnV
:
Love_VC
;
...
}Slide10
Members of verb classes
in
concr
.
concrete
VNLexiconEng
of
VNLexicon
=
VNSyntaxEng
, VNC_31_2Eng, VNC_31_2_1Eng **
open
ParadigmsEng
in
{
lin
--
Admire_VC
abhor_vnV
=
mkAdmire
(
mkVNV
(
mkV
"
abhor
") ) ;
admire_vnV
=
mkAdmire
(
mkVNV
(
mkV
"
admire
") ) ;
adore_vnV
=
mkAdmire
(
mkVNV
(
mkV
"
adore
") ) ;
affirm_vnV
=
mkAdmire
(
mkVNV
(
affirm_V
) ) ;
applaud_vnV
=
mkAdmire
(
mkVNV
(
applaud_V
) ) ;
...
--
Love_VC
enjoy_vnV
=
mkLove
(
mkVNV
(
mkV
"
enjoy
") ) ;
fear_vnV
=
mkLove
(
mkVNV
(
fear_V
) ) ;
hate_vnV
=
mkLove
(
mkVNV
(
hate_V2 )
) ;
like_vnV
=
mkLove
(
mkVNV
(
like_V2 )
) ;
love_vnV
=
mkLove
(
mkVNV
(
love_V2 )
)
;
...
}Slide11
Some results
VNLexicon
> p "I like that the cat is not sleeping" | ?
grep
-v "
MkSymb
" |
grep
like_vnV
96
trees
,
including
:
useVNCL
(use2pAdmire (use2pLoveAsAdmire
like_vnV
) (
ExpRole
(
UsePron
i_Pron
)) (
StimRoleS
(
UseCl
(
TTAnt
TPres
ASimul
)
PPos
(
PredVP
(
DetCN
(
DetQuant
DefArt
NumSg
) (
UseN
cat_N
)) (
UseComp
(
CompNP
(
StimRoleAsNP
(
StimRole
(
MassNP
(
UseN
sleeping_N
))))))))))
VNLexicon
> p "John
admires
Mary
for
her
vitality
" | ?
grep
-v "
MkSymb
" |
grep
admire_vnV
25
trees
,
including
:
UseCl
(
TTAnt
TPres
ASimul
)
PPos
(
useVNCL
(use3pAdmire
admire_vnV
(
ExpRole
(
UsePN
john_PN
)) (
StimRole
(
UsePN
mary_PN
)) (
AttrRole
(
MassNP
(
PossNP
(
UseN
vitality_N
) (
UsePron
she_Pron
))))))Slide12
Conclusion
Some
,
but
not
all
information
from
Verbnet
is
possible
to
use
in
GF
grammar
Using
the
semantic
restrictions
will
wait
for
subtyping
support
Using
the
syntactic
restrictions
require
a
work
with
the
resource
grammar
TODO:
Make
the
GF
concrete
grammar
for
UNL
in
order
to
translate
from
NL (
eng
)
into
UNL