18651877 Chapter 22 Vocabulary Freedmens Bureau Black Codes 13 th Amendment 14 th Amendment 15 th Amendment Sharecropping Debt Peonage Scalawags Carpetbaggers Ku Klux Klan The Problems of Peace ID: 632554
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Slide1
The Ordeal of Reconstruction
1865-1877Slide2
Chapter 22 Vocabulary
Freedmen’s Bureau
Black Codes
13
th
Amendment
14
th
Amendment
15
th
Amendment
Sharecropping
Debt Peonage
Scalawags
Carpetbaggers
Ku Klux KlanSlide3
The Problems of Peace
What to do about rebel leaders
?
All are eventually pardoned
How to rebuild the South?
WHO will
rebuild the South?
How will the country reinstate the Southern states to the Union?
How will the country pay off
war debts
?
How will the country absorb millions of recently freed slaves
?Slide4
Freedmen Define Freedom
After Emancipation, many blacks volunteered in the Union Army
54
th
Massachusetts (Glory)
https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=FFWLkCnT50s
Benefited
from 13
th
, 14
th
, and 15
th
Amendments
No suffrage for
women
New
opportunities
Further develop religion
Search for family members
Seek education, jobs (move to cities)
Run for office (Hiram Revels – first senator)Slide5
Presidential Reconstruction
Lincoln did not believe that the South had legally withdrawn from the Union
Proposed very lenient terms for re-admittance
Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan
10% of a state’s voting population took an oath of allegiance
The state ratified the 13
th
Amendment
The state drafted a new state constitution
Lincoln’s goal – Restore the Union.Slide6
Republicans v. Radicals
Some Republicans feared a return to pre-war conditions
Return of planters to positions of authority and the return of slavery
“Radical Republicans” (Thaddeus Stevens) wanted to punish the South for the war
The Wade-Davis Bill – required 50% oath, stronger safeguards
Lincoln refused to sign
Assassination of President LincolnSlide7
Andrew Johnson v. Congress
Democrat from the South
(Not accepted by northerners or Republicans)
Pro-States’ Rights
No-win situation
Provided lenient terms to southern states for re-admittance (angered Republicans)
Vetoed extension of Freedmen’s Bureau
Congress seizes control of Reconstruction
Civil Rights Act of 1866 – gave blacks citizenship
Attacked Black CodesSlide8
Military Reconstruction
Reconstruction Act of 1867
Divided South into 5 military districts
Required ratification of 14
th
Amendment (citizenship)
Act took some presidential power, occupation lasted until 1877
Led to passage of 15
th
Amendment (voting rights)Impeachment of Johnson
No actual misconduct
Anger at veto of Civil Rights of 1866 and Freedmen’s Bureau
Acts
Congress wanted Johnson to keep Stanton as Secretary of WarJohnson is not convictedSlide9Slide10
A Return to
Slavery, Black Codes, Jim Crow
Economic necessity forced many former slaves to sign labor contracts with planters.
Sharecropping
Debt peonage
Tenant
Farming
Opportunity
to move up the economic
ladder
Black
Codes
prohibiting
their right to vote
forbidding them to sit on juries
limiting their right to testify against white men
carrying weapons in public places
working in certain occupations.
Jim Crow
Laws
Literacy Tests, poll taxes, voter-registration laws
Plessy v. Ferguson 1896
Civil Rights Act of 1964