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Documenting Soil Change using Dynamic Soil Properties and Ecological Site Descriptions Documenting Soil Change using Dynamic Soil Properties and Ecological Site Descriptions

Documenting Soil Change using Dynamic Soil Properties and Ecological Site Descriptions - PowerPoint Presentation

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Uploaded On 2019-06-29

Documenting Soil Change using Dynamic Soil Properties and Ecological Site Descriptions - PPT Presentation

Skye Wills NCSS 2011 Soil and Ecosystem Change Soil Change Guide Document change in soil function applicable over the entire extent of a soil series or component phase When possible Ecological Sites and associated State and Transition Models inform study design and interpretation ID: 760629

management soil land state soil management state land ecological site model change cropland conditions phase component transition project dynamics

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Slide1

Documenting Soil Change using Dynamic Soil Properties and Ecological Site Descriptions

Skye Wills

NCSS, 2011

Slide2

Soil and Ecosystem Change

Soil Change Guide

Document change in soil function applicable over the entire extent of a soil series or component phase

When possible, Ecological Sites and associated State and Transition Models inform study design and interpretation

Dynamic soil properties collected concurrently with vegetation properties

Slide3

Space and Time

Some conceptual model is needed to separate the soil component being evaluated into conditions that can be compared in space

Space for time substitution allows us to interpret change over time or caused by management system

Statistical inference: where can results be applied

Slide4

Conceptual Model

Ecological Site with State and Transition Model

Slide5

Begay DSP Project (Utah)

Used STM to separate ecological site (R035XY215UT) and the correlated soil map component phases into conditions for comparison

Reference State -Community Phase

1.1 Perennial grassland/

shrubland

Alternative State -Community Phase

4.1 and 4.2

Cheatgrass

Dominated/Monoculture

Slide6

Slide7

Bulk density

PG-S

= perennial

grass-shrub;

AG = Annual grass (cheat grass)

n=4

Organic carbon %

0-2 cm

2 cm to base of A

B to 25 cm

High and low values of reference state

Slide8

Slide9

Conceptual Model

Ecological Site with State and Transition Model

Add additional land uses – assume these represent different states and that we understand the dynamics at work between these land uses.

Slide10

MLRA 77C (TX)Amarillo DSP Project

Chose conditions for study based on past and current land use

Rangeland – ‘Degraded’

shortgass

, shrub invaded (R077CY034TX; Shrub Dominant Community 3.1)

Conservation Reserve Program – previously cropped, currently dominated by

ungrazed

introduced grasses

Cropland –Irrigated conventionally tilled cotton

Slide11

CRP – variable conditions and past management difficult to fit within STM concepts

Cropland – could conceivably be considered a separate state. However, the large energy inputs available could overwhelm any subtle ecological dynamics in the site.

Slide12

Amarillo: Wet Aggregate Stability

 Mean Weight DiameterStandard ErrorMean Weight DiameterMean Proportion > 0.25 mmStandard Error Proportion > 0.25 mmmmmm%%Shrub (3.1)4.81a*0.250.84a0.04CRP2.73b0.220.55b0.03Crop0.43c0.220.14c0.03

* Means with same letter are not significantly different (P=0.05)

Ted

Zobeck

, personal communication 4/20/11

Slide13

Conceptual Model

Ecological Site with State and Transition Model

Add additional land uses – assume these represent different states and that we understand the dynamics at work between these land uses.

Chose to evaluate management systems within one land use

Pasture

Forest

Crop

Slide14

Idaho Threebear project

Chose to evaluate management conditions in forest land

Mature

forest

Clear-cut and planted forest

Slide15

Threebear Results

Slide16

MLRA 106 (NE and KS): Kennebec Soil

Chose to evaluate management systems within cropland

Generally, corn/soybean rotation with

Conventional tillage system

No-till system

“organic” system

While this sounds like a straightforward comparison there are many variations of each of these management systems. Deciding what to compare and what to include in each was a major difficulty.

Slide17

Kennebec Results

% WAS

Total C stocks (Mg ha-1 to 40cm)

Slide18

Using ESDs to Interpret Soil Change

An ESD and particularly the state and transition model provide context for making management recommendations and interpretations

It also segments a soil map unit component phase into conditions relevant for management

That is – this component with the same community phase present will likely have the same properties and respond to management in the same way

Slide19

Using ESDs to Interpret Soil Change

Begay

Project – the STM supplies contextual information about the

ecological

dynamics of the

site

Amarillo Project – While the STM provides information about range and CRP land – it doesn’t tell us how broadly we can apply the results from the

cropland or what processes are important for maintaining or restoring ecosystem function

Slide20

Ongoing Projects

MLRA 133A (GA)Tifton – Longleaf Pine/Wiregrass vs. Pasture

Data collection being done concurrently with ecological site data collection

Presents challenges …………but should allow us to interpret and infer ecosystem change

MLRA 80A (OK and KS) Kirkland –

Claypan

Prairie Rangeland vs. Cropland

Conventional and no-till management systems within cropland land use will be sampled

Slide21

Acknowledgements

Arlene TugelCindy StilesTed ZobeckLaurie KiniryCraig BirdGerald Crenwelgie

Dave Kohake

Bruce Evans

Judy Ward

Brian Gardner