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Elements of Poetry Elements of Poetry

Elements of Poetry - PowerPoint Presentation

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Elements of Poetry - PPT Presentation

an Interactive PowerPoint Not Your Average Classroom Language Arts Units Assignments What does Poetry Do Graphic Organizers Prose vs Poetry Top Hat Elements of Poetry Web Quest Elements of Poetry Mini Presentation ID: 475306

elements poetry poem lines poetry elements lines poem rhyme word verse language prose stanza words rhythm meter abab types irony literary alliteration

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Slide1

Elements of Poetryan Interactive PowerPoint

Not Your Average Classroom Language Arts UnitsSlide2

Assignments:What does Poetry Do? Graphic Organizer(s)Prose vs. Poetry Top HatElements of Poetry Web Quest

Elements of Poetry Mini PresentationSlide3

Why do we need poetry?Why waste time defining what poetry is? It’s so much more interesting, and more important, to discuss why we have it, why we need it.Why does poetry exist? What does it do? What need does it fulfill?Slide4

Let’s Explore

To answer these questions, let’s listen to a few

spoken word poems

. As you listen, fill out the

What does Poetry Do? Graphic Organizer

with your thoughts.

As you watch the poets, notice how they transition back and forth between

poetry

and

prose

. Click on the links below to begin.Slide5

Poetry vs. Prose

Two Types of LanguageSlide6

Organize these characteristics Prose

Poetry

Organized into paragraphs

Organized into stanzas

Sounds similar to ordinary speech

Has rhythm

Arranged to create a specific emotional response

An imaginative expression of thoughts

May or may not be creative

Fewer rules

More rules

Basic unit is the line

Basic unit is the sentenceSlide7

But how are they similar?The differences are easy to spot. It’s the similarities between prose and poetry that are the challenge. Take a moment to fill out the

Poetry vs. Prose Top Hat. It is similar to a Venn Diagram, but with more room for that challenging portion.DiscussKeep adding more to the Top Hat as you learn more similarities and differences.Slide8

The elements of poetry can be grouped into three categories

How the poem is organized

The sound of the poem

The literary devicesSlide9

Elements of Poetry

Skip to the Web QuestSlide10

FormThe form is the physical structure of the poem: the length of the lines, the rhythms, system of rhymes and repetition. In other words, the “type” of poem.There are many types:

SonnetVillanelle

Blank Verse*

Free Verse*

Aubade

Ballad

Doggerel

Dirge

Dramatic Monologue

Elegy

Epic

Haiku

Lyric

Diamante

Ode

Limerick

Rondeau

Acrostic

Sestina

Go Back to Elements of PoetrySlide11

Rhythm and MeterRhythm is the pattern you hear between stressed syllables. It has a characteristic rise and fall that you expect.Meter describes the pattern of rhythm. There are many types of meter:

Go Back to Elements of Poetry

Iambic

Dactyl

Cadence

Blank Verse

Free Verse

Trochee

Trimeter

Tetrameter

Pentameter

Hexameter

Heptameter

Common MeasureSlide12

ThemeTo describe the theme of a poem is to discuss the overarching abstract idea or ideas being examined in the poem.Though related to the concept of a moral, or lesson, themes are usually more complicated and ambiguous.

Whereas a moral might say that “power corrupts,” a poem exploring the dangers of power might recognize, as well, the necessity of power.

Go Back to Elements of PoetrySlide13

Word OrderIn short, word order is the arrangement of words in the poem. Is the word order or sentence structure (syntax

) unusual in any way?Are there noticeable patterns in the order of words? Do the lines have strong end-stops, or do they break across lines (enjamb)? Do the lines end with a final

stress

or

rhyme

?

Are there lots of long, complete sentences (simple or complex?), or are there many sentence fragments and phrases? Does the poem stop and start, or does it move or flow continuously? What is the effect of this?

Go Back to Elements of PoetrySlide14

StanzaThe stanza is a grouping of lines separated from others in a poem. In modern free verse

, the stanza, like a prose paragraph, can be used to mark a shift in mood, time, or thought.One way to identify a stanza is to count the number of lines:couplet (2 lines)

tercet

(3 lines)

quatrain (4 lines)

cinquain

(5 lines)

sestet (6 lines) (sometimes it's called a

sexain

)

septet (7 lines)

octave (8 lines) 

The pattern of a stanza is determined by it’s

meter

and

rhyming scheme

Go Back to Elements of PoetrySlide15

Mood or ToneThe tone of a poem is the style, or manner of expression, of its writing. It can be thought of as the attitude of the writer.

Examples of tone: serious, playful, humorous, formal, informal, angry, satirical, ironic or sad.The mood refers to the atmosphere in the poem. Different elements of a poem such as its setting, tone, voice and theme help establish this atmosphere.

Examples of mood: romantic, realistic, optimistic, gloomy, imaginary or mournful.

Go Back to Elements of PoetrySlide16

Connotation or DenotationDenotation is the literal meaning of a word, the "dictionary definition.” The

denotative meanings of the word “snake,” is: A scaly, legless, sometimes venomous reptile having a long, tapering, cylindrical bodyConnotation

refers to the associations that are connected to a word or the emotional suggestions related to that word.

The 

connotative 

meanings of a word exist 

together with

 the denotative meanings. The connotations for the word 

snake

 could include “evil” or “danger.”

Go Back to Elements of PoetrySlide17

DictionPoetic diction refers to the vocabulary, phrasing, and grammatical usage deemed appropriate to verse (poetry).Poetic diction is distinguished from common speech by circumlocution,

 elision, personification and even Latinate terminology such as “azure skies.”In short, diction is the

types

of words used, and how they are used, in a poem.

Go Back to Elements of PoetrySlide18

Alliteration and AssonanceAlliteration is the repetition of consonant sounds in a series of words within a phrase or verse line. Alliteration need not reuse all initial consonants; Example: “We saw the sea sound sing, we heard the salt sheet tell,” from Dylan Thomas’s

“Lie Still, Sleep Becalmed.” Browse poems with alliteration.Assonance

is the repetition of vowel sounds without repeating consonants; sometimes called vowel rhyme. See Amy Lowell’s 

“In a Garden”

 (“With its 

leaping

, and 

deep

, cool murmur”) or 

“The Taxi”

 (“And shout into the 

ridges

 of the 

wind

”). Browse poems with 

assonance

.

Go Back to Elements of PoetrySlide19

RhymeRhymes are the repetition of syllables, typically at the end of a verse line. Rhymed words conventionally share all sounds following the word’s last stressed syllable. Thus “tenacity” and “mendacity” rhyme, but not “jaundice” and “John does,” or “tomboy” and “calm bay.” A 

rhyme scheme is usually the pattern of end rhymes in a stanza, with each rhyme encoded by a letter of the alphabet, from a onward (ABAB

, ABBA,

AABB

, or XAXA, for example). 

Go Back to Elements of PoetrySlide20

ABABABAB is a classic, often-used rhyme scheme with interlocking rhymes. It’s sometimes called alternate rhyme.Here’s an example of ABAB in action, as written by William Shakespeare:

A      O, if I say, you look upon this verse,B       When I, perhaps, compounded am with clay,

A

      Do not so much as my poor name rehearse,

B  

     But let your love even with my life decay…

This ABAB rhyme scheme is built into the famous poetic form called the 

Shakespearean sonnet

.Slide21

AABBA pair of successive rhyming lines. This is the rhyme scheme found in the couplet.Couplets  comprise two lines that rhyme and have the same meter and length.

A couplet is “closed” when the lines form a bounded grammatical unit like a sentence.The regal eagle sits alone

upon a tree that serves as throne.

But sometimes when the eagle flies

(though this might come as some surprise)

a mob of crows may—wing to wing—

together drive away that king.

Democracy in beak and claw

finds regal eagle's fatal flaw.

And is that legal? I don't know.

You'll have to ask a mobster crow.Slide22

Literary DevicesLiterary devices are language techniques which writers use to create text that is clear, interesting, and memorable.Figurative language (metaphors and similes), symbolism, irony, alliteration, and assonance are actually all types of literary devices.

Go Back to Elements of PoetrySlide23

Allusion

Hyperbole

Metaphor

Simile

Onomatopoeia

Oxymoron

Personification

Pun

Paradox

Figurative Language

Go Back to Elements of PoetrySlide24

SymbolismSymbolism is the practice or art of using an object or a word to represent an abstract idea. A rose, for instance, has long been used as a symbol for love.An action, person, place, word, or object can all have a symbolic meaning

. When an author wants to suggest a certain mood or emotion, she can also use symbolism to hint at it, rather than just blatantly saying it.

Go Back to Elements of PoetrySlide25

IronyAs a literary device, irony is the expression of one's meaning by using language that normally means the opposite.Dramatic or situational irony is a little different. It involves a contrast between reality and a character’s intention. For example, in Sophocles’ Greek tragedy 

Oedipus Rex, King Oedipus searches for his father’s murderer, not knowing that he himself is that man. In both cases, irony creates distance between what is said or done, and the true meaning, or the true reality of the situation.

Go Back to Elements of PoetrySlide26

ImageryElements of a poem that invoke any of the five senses to create a set of mental images.Imagery uses vivid or figurative language to represent ideas, objects, or actions. Poems that use rich imagery include T.S. Eliot’s “Preludes

,” Percy Bysshe Shelley’s “Ode to the West Wind,” Sylvia Plath’s “Daddy

,” and Mary Oliver’s “

At Black River

.”

Go Back to Elements of PoetrySlide27

Web Quest: Poetry FoundationSlide28

Let’s ExploreThe Poetry Foundation is a wonderful resource. Complete the “Let’s Explore” portion of the Elements of Poetry WebQuest as you navigate the website.

Once you are familiar with the tabs and content, begin searching for a poem to study for your Elements of Poetry Mini PresentationClick on the image on the previous slide to enter the website.Slide29

Articles

Rhythm Movement Metaphor

Transformation

Imagery

Lines