PDF-Mutations changing the genetic code

MOLO Name You will compare the effect of several different types of mutations in DNA including nucleotide substitution nucleotide insertion and nucleotide deletion G. Changes in . DNA. that affect genetic information. Gene Mutations. Point Mutations – changes . in one or a few. nucleotides. Substitution. THE FAT CAT ATE THE RAT. THE FAT HAT ATE THE RAT. Insertion. Elie Traer. September 13, 2012. Outline. Genetic tests and methodology. Cytogenetics. , i.e. large chromosomal abnormalities. FISH, smaller chromosomal changes. Genetic mutations. AML. Evolution of genetic tests in diagnosis and prognosis. Mutation. Permanent change in the genetic material of an organism. All mutations in gametes are inheritable because they are copied during DNA replication. Somatic cell mutations occur in body cells. MIZZZ FOSTER © 2015. Quick review of Genes and Proteins. Genes. are a sequence . of DNA nucleotides which . code . (codons) for the building of a polypeptide chain at the ribosome which will be folded into a protein inside the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Nobody’s perfect all the time . About 1/10 billion base pairs end up with a error or mutation . Mutation: Mistake in DNA replication or an environmental effect that . results. in a change to the nitrogenous bases in DNA or RNA. . Dun . dun. dun!!!!! . Nobody’s perfect all the time . About 1/10 billion base pairs end up with a error or mutation . Mutation: . Mistake in replication or environmental effect that results in a c. Nobody’s perfect all the time . About 1/10 billion base pairs end up with a error or mutation . Mutation: Mistake in DNA replication or an environmental effect that . results. in a change to the nitrogenous bases in DNA or RNA. . Dun . dun. dun!!!!! . Nobody’s perfect all the time . About 1/10 billion base pairs end up with a error or mutation . Mutation: . Mistake in replication or environmental effect that results in a c. M. istakes made in the DNA sequencing. They can have a range of effects.. They can affect the genetic information that is passed to offspring.. Cells have evolved various methods to deal with them. . The sequence of bases in DNA are like the letters of a coded message or even the letters of a simple alphabet. . If we change the sequence of the letters do we change the nature of the message?. That . Unit 8: Protein Synthesis . 6A: Identify components of DNA, identify how information for specifying the traits of an organism is carried in the DNA, and examine scientific explanations for the origin of DNA.. KEY CONCEPT:. . Mutations. are changes in genetic material.. VOCABULARY:. Mutation, point mutation, . frameshift. mutation, polyploidy. Mutations – extension from gene expression. . Changes in genotype. Learning Goal . Identify the type of change in DNA for a point mutation, a deletion mutation, and an insertion mutation. . Genetic Mutation. A. . mutation. is a change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA.. that lead to . different traits . arising.  . These mutations can be passed down genetically and either be . lost. or become . fixed. .  . Since mutation usually affects a single individual in a population, the initial fraction is small and the probability of fixation is thus also small (high probability of loss).  .