PPT-Chapter 11: DNA and Genes

111 DNA The Molecule of Heredity What is DNA The structure of DNA DNA is capable of holding all this information because it is a very long molecule DNA is a polymer Made of repeating subunits called nucleotides which have 3 parts. 4NeoplasticProcessincludesMeSHtermsreferringtocan-cers. SemanticType IntermediateBMeSHTerms G E A Genes,jun 1 Genes,fos 2 Genes,APC 3 Genes,Reporter 4 Genes,Dominant 5 Genes,ras 6 Genes,rel 7 Genes,bc Genes and How They Work. Genes generally are information for making specific proteins. RNA (ribonucleic acid). Overview of Gene Expression. Transcription (DNA .  RNA). The Genetic Code. Translation (RNA . (Game from Univ. Utah). Siguna. Mueller. PhD student in BMS, Univ. Wyoming. What is DNA?. Each cell needs instructions for its role in the body. What do these instructions look like?. The instructions come in the form of a molecule called DNA.. Overview of Genetics. Genetics – Overview. Genetics is the study of heredity and variation . Genetics is the unifying discipline in biology. Explains why organisms have certain traits . How traits are passed from parent to offspring. GENES. DNA. DNA. :  the chemical inside the nucleus of a cell that carries the genetic instructions for making living organisms. . The material inside the nucleus of cells that carries genetic information.. Genetic Engineering. – the application of molecular genetics for practical purposes. Can be used to IDENTIFY or TRANSFER genes.. DNA Technology. – can be used to cure diseases, treat genetic disorders, improve food crops, etc.. 7. Lactose digestions in . E. coli. begins with its hydrolysis by the enzyme . -. galactosidase. , . lacZ. , is part of a . coordinatley. regulated operon containing the genes required for lactose utilization. Which of the following figures correctly depicts the interactions at the . A second step is determining the sequence of the gene, or genes, determining the phenotype and understanding how the expression of the genes is regulated at the transcriptional level  . Subsequent steps involve analysis of post-transcriptional events, understanding how the genes fit into metabolic pathways and how these pathways interact with the environment . 1. Recombinant DNA . molecules are formed when segments of DNA from two different sources—often different species—are combined . in vitro. . . DNA . Technology . is the term. . for analyzing genes and gene expression. . DNA damage DNA gets damaged a lot ! DNA damage DNA gets damaged a lot! >200,000 events/human cell/day DNA damage Occurs 2 ways 1) spontaneously 2) mutagens : damage DNA Transposons Discovered by Barbara McClintock DNA. Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA). The genetic material. Contains the “blueprint” for an organism. Instructions for an organism’s traits. Nucleic Acid-polymer (chain) of nucleotides (monomers). Very long molecule. Your Destiny. Central Dogma . Flow of genetic information in cell. Genetics vs. Epigenetics. Humans . 250. different . cell types. .. contain exact same DNA & same order. Initially a . sigmoid cell . RNA is made of a long chain of nucleotides.. Differences between DNA and RNA:. 1 – the sugar on RNA is ribose instead of deoxyribose. 2 – RNA is generally single-stranded. 3 – RNA contains uracil in place of thymine. of intense freckling and high melanoma incidence, related to UV sensitivity. The syndrome actually results from defects in any of nine genes involved in repair of UV damage. C. EPAIRING DAMAGED OR