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Linear Motion Linear Motion

Linear Motion - PowerPoint Presentation

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Uploaded On 2017-11-03

Linear Motion - PPT Presentation

Motion is relative An objects motion is always described in reference to another object Relative Motion When an object is said to be traveling at 60 km h or at any speed it is implied that it is moving at 60 kmh relative to the Earth ID: 602125

velocity speed object acceleration speed velocity acceleration object motion time traveling negative positive review hour car constant miles relative conceptual limit scalars

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Slide1

Linear MotionSlide2

Motion is relative

An object’s motion is always described in reference to another object

Relative MotionSlide3

When an object is said to be traveling at 60 km/

h (or at any speed),

it is implied that it is moving at 60 km/h relative to the Earth.

Relative MotionSlide4

Jamiroquai

“Virtual Insanity”

Travelling Without Moving

1997 Video of the Year

Relative Motion

CLICK HERE TO WATCH THE VIDEO!Slide5

Vector- a quantity possessing both magnitude and direction

Scalar- a quantity possessing only magnitude

Vectors and ScalarsSlide6

Examples of Vectors:

Displacement (

Δ

x)

Velocity (v)

Acceleration (a)

Force (F)Momentum (p)

Vectors and ScalarsSlide7

Examples of Scalars:

Distance (d)

Mass (m)

Speed (v)

Time (t)

Vectors and ScalarsSlide8

Instantaneous speed: the speed that something has at any one instance

Average speed: the speed of an object over a time interval

SpeedSlide9

Speed

The

average speed

for a trip might be 53 miles/hour.

...or 70 miles/hour on the open road.

However, during this trip your

instantaneous speed

might have been 0 miles/hour at a stoplight... Slide10

Speed

What are the

units

of speed?

miles/hour…………….mph

kilometer/hour……….km/h

meters/second……….m/s

furlongs/fortnight?Slide11

Speed

1. What is the average speed of a cheetah that sprints 100 meters in 4 seconds?

2. How about if it sprints 50 m in 2 s?Slide12

Velocity

Velocity

= {speed with a direction}

Examples:

70 mph

is a

speed

.

70 mph North

is a

velocity

.Slide13

Velocity

What are the

units

of velocity?

Velocity has the same units as speed except they also have a directionSlide14

Velocity and speed equationsSlide15

Velocity vs. speed

The speedometer of a car moving to the east reads 100km/h. It passes another car that moves to the west at 100km/h.

Do both cars have the same speed?

Do they have the same velocity?Slide16

In an unusual move by the New York State Department of Transportation, all of the "speed limit" signs were replaced with "velocity limit" signs.

What would such a sign look like?

How could one travel faster than the old speed limit without violating the new velocity limit?

Conceptual ReviewSlide17

Which device(s) on a car can be used to change …

its speed?

its velocity but

not

its speed?

Conceptual ReviewSlide18

A car driving on a circular test track shows a constant speedometer reading of 100 kph for one lap.

Describe the car's speed during this time.

Describe its velocity.

How do the speed and velocity compare?

Conceptual ReviewSlide19

Is it possible for an object to have …

constant speed and changing velocity,

changing speed and constant velocity?

Conceptual ReviewSlide20

Why are the devices in cars called speedometers and not velocitometers?

Conceptual ReviewSlide21

OK Go

“Here It Goes Again”

Oh No

2007 Grammy award for "Best Short-Form Music Video”

Relative Motion

…one more time

CLICK HERE TO WATCH THE VIDEOSlide22

Acceleration

Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity.Slide23

Acceleration

What are the

units

of acceleration?

miles/hour/second…………….mi/h/s

kilometer/hour/second……….km/h/s

meters/second/second……….

m/s/s or m/s

2Slide24

Acceleration equationsSlide25

Acceleration

Acceleration is the

positive or negative depending on the direction of the acceleration.Slide26

Acceleration

An object traveling with a constant positive velocity Slide27

Acceleration

An object traveling with a constant negative velocity Slide28

Acceleration

An object traveling with a positive velocity, positive acceleration. Slide29

Acceleration

An object traveling with a positive velocity, negative acceleration. Slide30

Acceleration

An object traveling with a negative velocity, negative acceleration. Slide31

Acceleration

An object traveling with a negative velocity, positive acceleration. Slide32

Graphs of Motion

O

n a

displacement vs. time

graph the slope of the line is equal to the

velocity

of the object.

O

n a

velocity vs. time

graph the slope of the line is equal to the

acceleration

of the object.

O

n a

velocity vs. time

graph the area underneath the curve is equal to the

displacement

of the object.