Fundamental - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

Fundamental in Laser Engraving and Cutting

Instructor WorkshopSlide2

9:00am - Overview, Lasers, Application, Industry use10:00am – Laser Operation, Functions10:30am – Project 111:30am – Project 2

12:00pm – Lunch12:45pm – Project 2 (continued)1:30pm – Project 32:30pm – Project 3b

3:30pm – Depart

AgendaSlide3

Engineered and Built in the USA - Since 1988Slide4

Laser Engraving and Cutting

Laser cutting and engraving is a technology that works by directing a high-powered laser onto a material, that produces a high-resolution image or smooth cut periphery in a 2D plane.

C02 and Fiber

Laser Systems

YAG Laser SystemsSlide5

YAG Laser Applications

Manufacturing

- engraving, etching,cutting,semiconductors etc.

Automotive

– Japan is developing laser ignitors that use YAG chips in place of spark plugs in an automobile engine.

Fluid

Dynamics

– Flow visulation in fluid dynamics

Military

– Laser designators, rangefinders, Chinese ZM-87 blinding weapon (22 known to have been produced due to prohibition of such weapons).

Medical -

eye, prostate surgeryLaser Induced Spectroscopy (LIBS) – Used in the analysis of elements of the periodic table.

Cavity Ring down Spectroscopy(CRDS) – Used to measure light concentration of some light absorbing substance.Dentistry –Soft tissue surgery in the oral cavity.Slide6

Two types of Lasers, Infinite Possibilities.

C02 Laser Systems

Ytterbium Fiber LaserSlide7

C0

2 Lasers by Epilog

Laser:

C02

A

ir-Cooled laser

tube, 30-120 watts

Engraving

Materials:

Wood, acrylic, plastic, glass, leather,

Corian

, fabric, coated metals, anodized aluminum, ceramics, Mylar, pressboard, and more…

Cutting

Materials:

Wood, acrylic, plastic,

delrin, cloth, leather, melamine, paper, rubber, veneer, cork, and more…Slide8

C02 Lasers

The

carbon dioxide laser

(

CO

2

laser

) was one of the earliest

gas lasers

to be developed (invented by

Kumar Patel

of

Bell Labs

in 1964[1]), and is still one of the most useful. Carbon dioxide lasers are the highest-power continuous wave lasers that are currently available. They are also quite efficient: the ratio of output power to pump power can be as large as 20%. The CO2 laser produces a beam of

infrared light with the principal wavelength bands centering on 9.4 and 10.6 micrometers.Slide9

Materials – Woods…Slide10

…Acrylics

, Plastics and more…Slide11

C02 Laser in SurgerySlide12

C0

2 Lasers by Epilog

Laser:

Ytterbium Fiber Laser, Air Cooled, 1062 nm, 10 to 50 watts

Marking and

Engraving

Materials:

Most metals and plastics, including: stainless steel, aluminum, black/white ABS, carbon fiber, polycarbonate, anodized aluminum, white PEEK, silicon wafers, colored

delrin

, magnesium, and more…Slide13

Fiber Laser

How it worksSlide14

Metal Marking and Engraving

Etching:

is often used for industrial purposes to produce a high contrast mark in the metal

–

marking tools or parts with serial numbers, logos and bar codes.

The etching process actually removes small amounts of material from the metal piece.

Polished:

or

“mirrored” as it sometimes called, is a laser effect where the laser beam heats the surface of a material and as it cools, the material takes on a different finish. Most common on matte-finish metal, this technique creates marks that can look almost holographic. No material is actually removed

Annealed:

The laser is used to heat metal to near melting points, which induces a color change to the top layer of material. Annealing often gives a dark iridescent look, with a faint rainbow of greens, blues and pinks that can sometimes be seen in the text or graphic.

Since no material is removed from the metal, this technique is often used for medical devices used within the human body.

Annealing leaves no cuts or shallow engravings like those found in marking and etching and typically produces the darkest mark of these three methods. Slide15

Metal Marking and EngravingSlide16

Why an Epilog Laser for your school?

Simple and easy to use

Use as an attractor for your freshman exploratory

Rapid prototype projects in plastic prior to Aluminum

Create a great finished and customized look in almost any material

A great motivational tool for your students

CSM Robotics Team - Winners of the Rookie Inspiration AwardSlide17

Laser Cutting and Engraving

Vector cutting

uses a thin line and the laser operates in

a plotter

style mode where the laser is turned on

and remains

on while it follows the profile of a line.

Raster engraving

is used

for text, clipart

, scanned images and

virtually

all graphic

artwork.Slide18

Resolution

This

illustration

shows

the concept of raster lines. Each pass of the laser produces

a single

raster line. 600 raster lines per inch is the same as 600 DPI.Slide19

LENSES

Relative spot sizes generated by different focal

length lenses

. Slide20

LENSES

The depth of field distance increases

as the

focus length increases. Accurate

focus is less important with longer

length focus

lenses, but more critical as

the focus

length gets shorter.Slide21

LENSES

There is

overlap

in the uses of the different lenses. The 2.0

inch lens

is a very good general purpose lens and is well suited for most applications.

The optional

lenses are more suited to specific applications where the work being done is of

a more

specialized nature.Slide22

Speed Power and Frequency

Speed

and

Power

are the

two most

important laser variables

. They

control

dwell-time

of

the laser

beam (Speed) and

depth

of cut (Power).Slide23

Speed Power and Frequency

Frequency

refers to the pulsing of the laser as it cuts in Vector Mode.Slide24

Speed Power and Frequency

Epilog provides tables in

their manuals

for speed, power and frequency setting for

most common

material types

.Slide25

Dithering

Applying one of the dithering patterns to clipart has the potential to create a lot of

interesting effects

that are not easily achievable any other way.Slide26

Center-Center Engraving

No matter where your image is on your page,

your reference

point is the center of that graphic.

When you

use Center-Center your graphic will engrave at

the exact center of where you have set your Home position.Slide27

Rubber Stamps

Stamp mode allows you to engrave and cut out rubber stamps in a way that was

designed specifically

for rubber stamp manufacturers.Slide28

3D Engraving

This one

graphic

took an expert graphic artist over a

week –

full time – to create! 3D

engraving requires two or three passes at slow speed to get the depth required for a great 3D look.Slide29

Color Mapping

Color mapping is usually used in vector mode when you want to score some parts of

an image

and cut through other parts. Architectural model making uses

this feature extensively

.Slide30

CorelDraw WorkspaceSlide31

The Engineering Design Process

Just

as inquiry and experimentation guide investigations in science, the Engineering Design Process guides solutions to technology/engineering design challenges. Learning technology/engineering content and skills is greatly enhanced by a hands-on, active approach that allows students to engage in design challenges and safely work with materials to model and test solutions to a problem. Using the steps of the Engineering Design Process, students can solve technology/engineering problems and apply scientific concepts across a wide variety of topics to develop conceptual understanding. The specific steps of the Engineering Design Process are included in the Technology/Engineering strand, on page 84 of this

Framework

.

Massachusetts Technology Engineering StandardsSlide32

The Design ProcessSlide33

Massachusetts Educational

Standards

HS-ETS3-6(MA)

Use informational text to illustrate how a vehicle or device can be modified to produce a change in lift,

drag

, friction, thrust, and weight.

Examples

of vehicles can include cars, boats, airplanes, and rockets

. Considerations

of lift require consideration of Bernoulli's principle