PPT-Acid Base Balance WATER INTAKE AND OUTPUT

Intake Output Liquids 1600 Urine 1500 Food 700 Sweat and insensible water loss 500 Metabolic water 200. 4/8/14. Balance. Water and . electrolytes. . (molecules that release ions in water) . must maintain a balance of quantities coming in and leaving.. Mechanisms in the body are responsible for this balance. Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance. Body Water Content. Infants: 73% or more water (low body fat, low bone mass). Adult males: ~60% water. Adult females: ~50% water (higher fat content, less skeletal muscle mass). Acid Base . Imbalances. Chapter 17. Megan McClintock. Winter 2012. Homeostasis. Maintained by the intake and output of water and electrolytes and regulation by the renal and pulmonary systems. Acid-base balance is necessary for many physiologic processes (respiration, metabolism, function of the CNS). calves. . Implementation . in practice. Dai Grove-White. A historical . perspective. William O. ’ . Shaughnessy . 1831 . “I . would expect much benefit from the frequently repeated use of the neutral salts by the mouth dissolved in large quantities of tepid water. In severe cases, in which . Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance. 1. Body Water Content. Infants have low body fat, low bone mass, and are 73% or more water. Total water content declines throughout life. Healthy males are about 60% water; healthy females are around 50%. Diagnosis of acid base balance in diarrhoeic calves. Implementation in practice Dai Grove-White A historical perspective William O ’ Shaughnessy 1831 “I would expect much benefit from the frequently repeated use of the neutral salts by the mouth dissolved in large quantities of tepid water. In severe cases, in which M. . Gardner. Copyright2/4/2013. ACID /BASE BALANCE. In order to meet homeostasis, the body fluids must maintain a stable chemical balance of hydrogen ions in body fluids.. This is done by regulating their acidity /alkalinity. . Learning Objectives. Describe . what is meant by acids, bases and . buffers. List . normal pH of the body fluids. . Describe . the processes involved in maintenance of normal blood pH. .. Describe . various types of acidosis and alkalosis. Lecture 5. Introduction. A complex system of chemical buffers together with highly specialized mechanisms of the lungs and kidneys continuously work together to ensure a precise balance of water, electrolytes, and pH in both the intracellular and extracellular compartments of the human body. . For cells to function optimally, . a steady balance . between the acids and the bases . is necessary.. Acid-base balance represents homeostasis of hydrogen (H+) ion . concentration in . body fluids. . Strong Acids. HCl. HBr. HI. HNO. 3. HClO. 4. H. 2. SO. 4. Acid: a species that supplies H. +. ions to water. Strong acid: an acid that completely ionizes in water forming an H. +. ion and an anion. Many critical illnesses can disturb acid-base balance.. Acid-base disturbances may indicate an underlying disease or organ damage.. Accurate interpretation of acid-base disturbances requires the following:. This lecture presents the basic concepts of pharmaceutical inorganic chemistry with emphasis on the description, mechanisms and uses of various pharmaceutical products which are clinically used to correct various body disorders. The major topics to be covered are acids and bases, intra and extra cellular electrolytes, the gastrointestinal agents and topical agents frequently employed in the conversion of drugs to chemical forms convenient to their product formulations.. Acid-base balance.  . * Acids are electrolytes that release hydrogen ions (H+) when they are dissolved in water.. * Bases are electrolytes are release hydroxide ions (OH-) when they are dissolved in water..