PPT-Alcohols, Carboxylic acid and Esters

Ch 114 Combustion of alcohols Alcohols undergo complete combustion to form carbon dioxide and water Denatured alcohol is a useful portable fuel eg for camping stoves as unlike LPG it does not need to be transported in heavy specialized containers It is also used as a solvent. Dr. . Sheppard. CHEM . 2412. Summer 2015. Klein (2. nd. ed. .) . sections: 21.1, 21.2, 21.6, 21.3, 21.15,. . . 21.4, 21.5, 21.10, 21.7, 21.8,. . . 21.9, 21.11, 21.12, 21.13, 21.14. Alcohol Reactions. 1. Dehydration - . elimination of water. water is eliminated from adjacent carbon atoms and a second bond is formed between the 2 carbon atoms. uses a large amount of alcohol and a small amount of acid (H. 9-4. Organic esters are derivatives of carboxylic acids.. Inorganic esters are the analogous derivatives of inorganic acids.. Organic and Inorganic Esters from Alcohols. 9-4. Alcohols react with carboxylic acids to give organic esters.. Chapter . 24. Chemistry 100. Organic Chemistry. Historically: the chemistry of products from plants and animals. Today: The chemistry of carbon- containing compounds. Wöhler (1828) made urea from ammonium cyanate. 20-1. Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo substitution reactions via the (often acid- or base-catalyzed) addition-elimination sequence:. The relative reactivities of the substrates follow a consistent order:. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives. Chapter 14. 1. Carboxylic acids. The . carboxyl group. consists of carbonyl and hydroxyl groups attached to the same carbon.. carb. onyl + hydr. oxyl. . = . carboxyl. An . And. Their Derivatives. Chem. 108. Chapter . 10. 1. Carboxylic acids . are strong organic acids which contain . the . carboxyl group . (. -COOH, -CO. 2. H. ). Carboxylic acids . are classified as . Ethyl acetate is the solvent in fingernail polish, plastics, and lacquers.. Learning Goal . . Describe the boiling points and . solubility of . esters; draw the condensed structural formulas for the hydrolysis products.. :. Sample Problem . 16.1 . Naming Carboxylic Acids. Solution. Step 1 . Identify the longest carbon chain and replace the . e . in the . corresponding alkane . name with . oic. acid. . The IUPAC name of a carboxylic acid . Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution. 2. Carboxylic Acids and . Their Derivatives. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives:. Acid Halides. Acid Anhydrides. Types of anhydrides. :. Cyclic esters. Types of amides. Cyclic amides. RCOOH and . ArCOOH. Functional Group =. O. C -OH. Common Names…. 1C – Formic Acid (. Methanoic. Acid). From Formaldehyde (. methanal. ). . 2C – Acetic Acid (. Ethanoic. Acid). From Acetaldehyde (. Aldehyde, Ketone, and Carboxylic acids.. Functional Groups Reactivity. :. Functional groups play a significant role in increasing organic compound reactivity, by controlling the direction of the reactions.. Alcohols contain an OH group connected to a . a. saturated C (sp. 3. ). They are important solvents and synthesis intermediates. Phenols contain an OH group connected to a carbon in a benzene ring. Methanol, CH. Learn how esters are named and identified and how to draw the structural formula of an ester.. Esters. Alcohol + Carboxylic Acid . . . Ester. + Water. Esterification, . Alkanoic acids reacting with Alkanols..