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Green Economy and BRICS Green Economy and BRICS

Green Economy and BRICS - PowerPoint Presentation

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Green Economy and BRICS - PPT Presentation

Olga Ponizova EcoAccord Russia oponizovaramblerru Topics To share thoughts on green economy and its importance for BRICS To share thoughts on climate change process and BRICS ID: 133414

economy green energy brics green economy brics energy development sustainable cooperation 2020 carbon economic global china emissions social 2009

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Slide1

Green Economy and BRICS

Olga

Ponizova

,

Eco-Accord, Russia

oponizova@rambler.ruSlide2

Topics:

To share

thoughts on green economy and its importance for BRICS;

To share thoughts on

climate change process and

BRICS

;

To suggests ways of cooperation among BRICS countries on Green Economy, in particular on Climate Change and Low-Carbon Economy. Slide3

Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa = BRICS

Rapid economic development

Geographical and demographic importance

Old civilisations

Necessity for development and poverty eradication

Rich naturesSlide4

BRICS and global stability:

Sourse

;

Bobylev

, MSUSlide5

Green Economy:

No officially agreed definition;

UNEP:

Green

economy

as one that results in improved human well-being and social equity, while significantly reducing environmental risks and ecological scarcities. In its simplest

expression.Slide6

Features:

*

low-carbon

energy

(especially renewable energy and resource of energy efficient technologies);

• sustainable water supply systems, water and sanitation, and waste management;

sustainable production of food (organic, biodynamic farming and sustainable practices for livestock)

• the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity;

sustainable

transport system, with an emphasis on public transport, planting the automotive industry;

sustainable tourism

;

green

jobs

, sustainable lifestyles and livelihoods that provide social justice and equality and establish concrete measures in order to progress and prosperity;

Reforming International Environmental Governance:

global

p

olicy

and

economic

nstitutionsSlide7

Tools:

-

Appropriate pricing

,

including

phase-out

of inefficient subsidy, assessment of natural resources in monetary terms and the introduction of taxes that harm the environment;

- Public procurement policies that encourage the production of environmentally friendly products and use of the principles of sustainable production methods;

-

Reforming the system of "environmental" tax

, involving a shift from taxes on labor to taxes on pollution;

-

Increase public investment

s

in infrastructure, based on SD principles (including

public transport, renewable energy, energy-efficient buildings) and natural capital to restore, maintain and, where possible, increase the volume of natural capital;

- Targeted

government support for research and development

related to the creation of environmentally sound technologies;

-

Social policies

to ensure consistency between the goals in the social field and the existing or proposed economic policies.Slide8

International Context:

• February, 2009. - 25th Session of the UNEP Governing Council / Global Ministerial Environment Forum -

green

economy report.

• April, 2009. -UN

Communique

on nine joint initiatives to tackle the crisis, one of which was the initiative of the green economy.

• June, 2009. – Green Growth Declaration (OECD

).

• June, 2009. - More than 20 UN Agencies mentioned green economy

at the UN Conference on Global Economic and Financial Crisis and Development

• September, 2009. - UNEP report to G20 in

Pittsburg

• December, 2009. UN GA decision on Rio +

20

* 2010 – G20 in Toronto

• 2010 - ESCAP meeting

• 2011 - UN ECE

meeting

* 2012 – Rio+20Slide9

BRICS

Leaders Meeting

Declaration

Sanya, China

, 14 April 2011

 

III.

New proposals to explore

3. Explore the feasibility to cooperate in the field of green economy.Slide10

Green Economy Benefits, UNEP:

stimulate

economic progress

new

jobs

at

the same time reducing the risks of global threats such as climate change, loss of ecosystem services and water scarcity.

In the short term "green economy" is able to provide GDP growth, increasing per capita income and employment in the same or even higher rates than the traditional "brown" economy. In the medium to long term "green economy" will overtake "brown" and also give much greater benefits for the environment and reduce social inequality.Slide11

Green Economy: financing

For the

2012-2050 years.

only

2% of global GDP

should be invested in

ten key sectors: agriculture, housing and utilities, energy, fisheries, forestry, industry, tourism, transport, disposal and recycling of waste and water management.

Wise financial policySlide12

Green Economy risks/concerns

Green protectionism (wind power, aviation, carbon taxes);

Lack of Social Inclusiveness (e.g. no new jobs or “dirty” jobs;

The concept will be used as pure environmental;

The same approach for different countries, without specific situation.Slide13

Good practice:

Renewable Energy in

China

Sustainable urban planning in Brazil

Rural

ecological infrastructure in

India

http://www.unep.org/greeneconomy/SuccessStories/tabid/29863/Default.aspxSlide14

Green Economy: Obstacles

Lack of awareness on the GE concept;

Lack of proper understanding of

Lack of capacity to implement the concept in full;

Difficulties to

International economic rules don’t often promote GE concept (WTO)Slide15

Possibilities of cooperation:

Common actions again green-protectionism;

Common position at the international

fora

(WTO etc.);

Research on cost

and benefit

of GE for BRICS and “feasibility to cooperate in the field of green economy” – new BRICS TERN initiative

?

Exchange of experience, among different stakeholders - governments, civil society groups, farmers, business(BRICS Green Economy Forum?)

Technological cooperation.Slide16

Share of Countries in CO2 emissionsSlide17

Under UNFCC:

Only Russia is included in Annex 1.

China

- will endeavor to lower its carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 40-45% by 2020 compared to the 2005 level, increase the share of non-fossil fuels in primary energy consumption to around 15% by 2020 and increase forest coverage by 40 million hectares and forest stock volume by 1.3 billion cubic meters by 2020 from the 2005 levels.

South Africa

– 34% below BAU 2020; conditional 42% BAU by 2020

I

ndia

- will

endeavour

to reduce the emissions intensity of its GOP by 20-25% by 2020 in comparison to the 2005 level.

Brazil

-36.1-38.9% of projected emissions by 2020

Russia

- 15-25 %/1990/2020, the range of the GHG emission reductions will depend on the following conditions:

- Appropriate accounting of the potential of Russia’s forestry in frame of contribution in meeting the obligations of the anthropogenic emissions reduction;

- Undertaking by all major emitters the legally binding obligations to reduce anthropogenic GHG emissions. Slide18

Some developments in India and Brazil

:

Brazil

has

established

a

stock

exchange

for

voluntary

carbon

units

which

may

precede

a

domestic

t

rading

scheme

;

Rio

de

Janeiro

,

Brazil’s

second

richest

state

,

recently

announced

to

launch

an

ETS

for

its

largest

emitters

between

2013

and

2015.

India

has

not

shown

much

propensity

for

a

domestic

ETS

due

both

to

political

and

institutional

reasons

;

However

,

trading

schemes

for

energy

efficiency

and

renewable

energy

are

already

in

place

.Slide19

Some development in China:

China

has

made

concrete

steps

towards

the

creation

of

regional

ETS

in

various

cities

and

provinces

.

Newer

announcements

even

envisage

the

creation

of

a

national

system

by

2015.

However

,

these

plans

are

still

at

early

stages

,

and

differ

widely

in

their

institutional

designs

.

For

example

,

-

Guangdong

is

likely

to

put

in

place

a

trading

system

based

on

absolute

e

mission

caps

,

-

Tianjin

and

Beijing

have

indicated

that

their

trading

schemes

might

be

based

on

energy

saving

credits

.

However

,

the

implementation

pathway

is

as

yet

unclear

.

The

question

is

in

particular

how

the

very

diverse

design

choices

of

the

envisaged

pilot

schemes

are

to

be

aligned

to

form

a

convergent

system

on

such

short

notice

.Slide20

Possible cooperation

on carbon

market-based–mechanisms development

-exchange

of experience;

- joint research and analytical work;

- capacity

building

;

-

seminars and conferences.

The project could contribute to the new global CC agreement and reduce risks for “carbon protectionism” from EU and other countries with ETS

.Slide21

BRICS Leaders Meeting Declaration

Sanya, China, 14 April 2011

22.

We support the Cancun Agreements

and are ready to make concerted efforts with the rest of the international community to bring a successful conclusion to the negotiations at the Durban Conference applying the mandate of the Bali Roadmap and in line with the principle of equity and common but differentiated responsibilities.

We commit ourselves to work

towards a comprehensive, balanced and binding outcome to

strengthen the implementation of the UNFCC and its Kyoto Protocol.

The BRICS will intensify cooperation on the Durban conference. We will enhance our practical cooperation in adapting our economy and society to climate change.

8. We support the development and use of renewable energy resources.

..We

are convinced of the importance of cooperation and information exchange in the field of development of renewable energy resources. Slide22

Possible BRICS cooperation:

Common position on climate change negotiations reflecting reality and SD approach;

Research,

e.g.economic

scnario

of

emissions reduction;Exchange of experience of different stakeholders;Technology cooperation;

Concrete projects (carbon

market-based–mechanisms

development)