PPT-Reactions of Hydrocarbons

Alkanes alkenes alkynes and aromatics Types of Hydrocarbons Hydrocarbons contain C and H There are 4 families alk anes only have CC single bonds alk enes have at least one CC and alk ynes. PAHs are found naturally in the environment but they can also be manmade In their purest form PAHs are solid and range in appearance from colorless to white or pale yellow green PAHs are created when products like coal oil gas and garbage are burned Learning Objectives. :. Describe the process of . fractional distillation. .. Describe the process of . cracking. crude oil.. Explain the purpose of fractional distillation and cracking.. Write down as many ideas as you can remember about crude oil.. Physical Properties of Alkanes. Non polar compounds. Insoluble in water. Less dense than water and so will float on top of the water. Dissolve in organic solvents . . (. eg. dry cleaning fluid) and in each other (. Lecture 12. Organic chemistry. What distinguishes organic chemistry from other areas of chemistry?. Origins – compounds from plants and animals. Organic compounds were though to have a “v. ital force” and as such . Chp. . 22 . pg. . 668. A. . Abundance and Importance of Carbon. Structure and bonding of carbon. Has nonmetallic properties. Electron configuration of 1s. 2. 2s. 2. 2p. 2. 4 valence electrons – 2s and 2p electrons. Chemistry 122/121. Cyclic Hydrocarbons. Both saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons may be found in the form of a ring. The resulting structure has two less hydrogen than its straight chain counterpart. Synthesis reactions. Decomposition reactions. Single replacement reactions. Double replacement reactions. (Precipitate reaction). Chemical Reactions can be written as:. Word equation. Chemical equation. Organic Chemistry. Organic Chemistry. Historically the distinction between inorganic and organic substances was based on whether or not they were produced by living systems. It was believed that some sort of “life force” was needed to synthesize them.. MICHAEL FARADAY (1791-1867). first person to isolate and identify benzene. early benzene uses:. - . decaffeinate . coffee. - antiknock additive . in gasoline. - solvent in chem rxns. now we know benzene is a carcinogen!. Faizan. Ali. The term . hydrocarbons has been used to represent . compounds derived from petroleum distillation.. 1. . Aliphatic Hydrocarbons (. Paraffins. ). These comprise compounds with saturated molecules (containing . These are the OPPOSITE of neutralization reactions (i.e. acid-base reactions). Rather than forming a salt and water from an A-B reaction, a salt and water react to form an acid and a base.. You MUST determine if you have a Strong or Weak Acid and a Strong or Weak Base.. Objective. To know about . electrophilic. substitution reactions. Success criteria. Understand . the mechanism of the . electrophilic. substitution reactions of . benzene. Understand this for . halogenation. All. chemical reactions either release or absorb energy. . The energy can take many forms: . HEAT. , . LIGHT. , . SOUND. , and . ELECTRICITY. . Chemical . bonds. are the source of this energy. . Write your answer in your. . science journal.. Quiz. 1. How . many molecules of oxygen gas in the reactant (O. 2. ) are needed to balance this equation?. CH. 4. + O. 2. → 2CO. 2. + 4H. 2. O.