BOOYEAH DEMO Reinforcement is the Yeah Punishment is the Boo Classical v Operant They both use acquisition discrimination SR generalization and extinction Classical Conditioning is automatic ID: 1044655
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1. Operant ConditioningA type of learning in which behavior is strengthened if followed by reinforcement or diminished if followed by punishment.
2. BOO/YEAH DEMO!Reinforcement is the Yeah!Punishment is the Boo!
3. Classical v. OperantThey both use acquisition, discrimination, SR, generalization and extinction.Classical Conditioning is automatic (respondent behavior). Dogs automatically salivate over meat, then bell- no thinking involved.Operant Conditioning involves behavior where one can influence their environment with behaviors which have consequences (operant behavior).
4. Is the organism learning associations between events that it doesn’t control?Is the organism learning associations between its behavior and resulting events?Classical ConditioningOperant Conditioning
5. Edward ThorndikeLaw of Effect: rewarded behavior is likely to recur.SR connection
6. ThorndikeInstrumental ConditioningConsequence which could be +/- would shape future responsesCat Puzzle Boxes
7. B.F. Skinner
8. Shaping or Successive ApproximationsA procedure in Operant Conditioning in which reinforcers guide behavior closer and closer towards a goal.
9. Operant Conditioning ChamberSkinner BoxConditioning
10. ReinforcerAny event that STRENGTHENS the behavior it follows.Two Types of Reinforcement:Positive and Negative
11. Positive ReinforcementStrengthens a response by presenting a stimulus after a response.
12. ChainingTaught to perform a series of behaviors in succession in order to get a rewardEx.—My kids must shower, brush their teeth and floss, wash their face, and comb their hair before they can read books at night!
13. Negative ReinforcementStrengthens a response by reducing or removing an aversive stimulus.
14. Negative ReinforcementEscape Learning— terminate an aversive stimulus Ex.—Kid acts bad to get kicked out of classAvoidance Learning— avoid an aversive stimulus all together Ex.—Kid skips class to avoid teacher she does not like
15. PunishmentAn event that DECREASES the behavior that it follows.Does punishment work?
16. Two Types of PunishmentPositive PunishmentAdding something unpleasantEx.--SpankingNegative Punishment or Omission TrainingTaking away something pleasantEx.—Taking car away for bad grades
17. Review SheetDo the first 10 on the sheetComplete the rest for HW.Turn in next class.
18. Primary ReinforcerAn innately reinforcing stimulus
19. Conditioned (Secondary) ReinforcerA stimulus that gains it reinforcing power through its association with a primary reinforcer.Money is also a GENERALIZED REINFORCER!
20. Token EconomyGiving a “token” when someone does the correct behavior.After earning so many “tokens”, the person can trade them in for a reward.Tokens would be generalized reinforcers.Ex.—Treasure Chest in KindergartenEx.—Reinforcement in class today!
21. Premack PrincipleReinforcing properties depend on the individual.Ex.—To reinforce my son, I would take him to get Sushi, but that would be punishment for my daughter.Ex.—To reinforce my daughter, I would take her shopping, but that would be punishment for my son.
22. Do these terms apply to Operant Conditioning too?AcquisitionExtinctionSpontaneous RecoveryGeneralizationDiscriminationThe answer is YES! They do.Work quickly in partners to explain how.
23. Reinforcement Schedules
24. Continuous ReinforcementReinforcing the desired response every time it occurs.Quick AcquisitionQuick Extinction
25. Partial ReinforcementReinforcing a response only part of the time.The acquisition process is slower.Greater resistance to extinction.
26. Variable-ratio ScheduleA schedule of reinforcement that reinforces a response after an unpredictable number of responses.Example: I give Homer a donut at random times when he says “DOH!!!”
27. Fixed-ratio SchedulesA schedule that reinforces a response only after a specified number of responses.Example: I give cookie monster a cookie every FIVE times he sings “C is for cookie”.
28. Fixed-interval ScheduleA schedule of reinforcement that reinforces a response only after a specified time has elapsed.Example: I give Bart a Butterfinger every ten minutes after he moons someone.
29. Variable-interval ScheduleA schedule of reinforcement that reinforces a response at unpredictable time intervals.Pop Quizzes
30. Complete the last page in the worksheet!