Unified Land Operations How the Army seizes retains and exploits the initiative to gain and maintain a position of relative advantage in sustained land operations through simultaneous offensive ID: 668214
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Slide1
How do HR units and HR Staff Elements support Unified Land Operations?
Unified Land Operations:
How
the Army seizes, retains, and exploits the
initiative to
gain and maintain a position of relative advantage in sustained land operations through simultaneous offensive, defensive, and stability operations in order to prevent or deter conflict, prevail in war, and create the conditions for favorable conflict resolution. ADP 3-0, Unified Land Operations, Glossary
Concrete Experience
Each group has
15 minutes
to brainstorm their response. GO!Slide2
Learning Objective
2
Action:
Analyze Unified Land Operations(ULO)Conditions:
Senior HR Leaders in a classroom environment working individually and as a member of a small group, using doctrinal and administrative publications, practical exercises, case studies, personal experience, handouts, and
discussion with an awareness of the Operational Environment (OE) variables and actors.Standard: Analysis includes:1. The Army’s Operational Concept.2. Foundations and tenets of Unified Land Operations.3. Components of the Operational Art, Process, and Framework.Slide3
Range of Military Operations
3Slide4
Role of Unified Land OperationsSlide5
Operational Environment replaces
battlespace
as a term. Operational Environment is
not the Area of Operations
Operational Environment
5Slide6
Operational Concept
“The Army’s operational concept is the core of its doctrine. It must be uniformly known and understood within the Service…”
Unified Land Operations
…describes how the Army seizes, retains, and exploits the initiative to gain and maintain a position of relative advantage in sustained land operations through simultaneous offensive, defensive, and stability operations in order to prevent or deter conflict, prevail in war, and create the conditions for favorable conflict resolution.
Unified Land Operations
replaces Full Spectrum Operations as the Army’s Operational Concept.The operational concept describes how Army Forces adapt to meet the distinct requirements of Unified Land Operations . . . broad enough to describe operations now and in the near future . . . flexible enough to apply in any situation worldwide.
6
Foundations of ULOInitiative
Decisive Action
Army Core Competencies
Mission Command
Combined Arms Maneuver
Wide Area
SecuritySlide7
DSCA
STABILITY
DEFENSE
OFFENSE
Purposes
Dislocate, isolate, disrupt, and destroy enemy forces.
Seize key terrain.
Deprive the enemy of resources.
Develop intelligence.
Deceive and divert the enemy.
Create a secure environ- ment for stability operations.
Purposes
Deter or defeat enemy offensive operations.
Gain time.
Achieve economy of force.
Retain key terrain.
Protect the populace, critical assets and infrastructure.
Develop intelligence.
Purposes
Provide a secure environment.
Secure land areas.
Meet the critical needs of the populace.
Gain support for host- nation government.
Shape the environment for interagency and host- nation success.
Purposes
Save lives.
Restore essential services.
Maintain or restore law and order.
Protect infrastructure and property.
Maintain or restore local government.
Shape the environment for interagency success.
Primary Types
Movement to contact.
Attack.
Exploitation.
Pursuit.
Primary Types
Mobile defense.
Area defense.
Retrograde operations.
Primary Tasks
Civil security (
includes security force assistance
).
Civil control.
Restore essential services.
Support to governance.
Support to economic and infrastructure development.
Primary Tasks
Provide support in response to disaster.
Support civil law enforcement.
Provide other support as required.
Decisive Action
Decisive Action
replaces
Full Spectrum Operations
as the Army term for simultaneous combinations of Offense, Defense, and Stability/DSCA tasks.
Defense Support of Civil Authorities (DCSA)
replaces
Civil Support.
7Slide8
Army Core Competencies
Combined Arms Maneuver
Application of the elements of combat power in unified action to defeat enemy ground forces; to seize, occupy, and defend land areas; and to achieve physical, temporal, and psychological advantages over the enemy to seize and exploit the initiative.
Physical advantages
may include the defeat or destruction of enemy forces or the control of key terrain, population centers, or critical resources or enablers.
Temporal advantages enable Army forces to set the tempo and momentum of operations and decide when to give battle such that the enemy loses the ability to respond effectively.Psychological advantages impose fear, uncertainty, and doubt on the enemy, which serve to dissuade or disrupt the enemy’s further planning and action.Wide Area SecurityApplication of elements of combat power in unified action to protect populations, forces, infrastructure, and activities; to deny the enemy positions of advantage; and to consolidate gains in order to retain the initiative.
Army forces conduct security tasks over areas to deny the enemy the ability to maneuver to positions of advantage against friendly forces and provide the joint force commander with reaction time and maneuver space.Army forces may assist the development host-nation security forces, a viable market economy, the rule of law, and an effective government by establishing and maintaining security in an are of operations.
Combined Arms Maneuver and Wide Area Security
provide the Army a focus and construct for understanding how Army forces use combined arms to achieve success.As core competencies they uniquely define what the Army provides the joint force commander.
8Slide9
Mission Command
9Slide10
Tenets of Unified Land Operations
Tenet
Description
Flexibility
Mix of capabilities, formations, and equipment for conducting operations; collaborative planning, and decentralized execution.
LethalityExpert application of lethal force builds the foundation for effective offensive, defensive, and stability operations.Adaptability
Willingness to accept prudent risk in unfamiliar or changing situations, adjustment based on continuous assessment.Synchronization
Arrangement of military actions to produce maximum relative combat power at a decisive place and timeIntegration
Operations with joint, interagency, and multinational partners; conform Army capabilities and plans to the larger conceptDepth
Arranging activities across the entire operational framework to achieve the most decisive result.
The tenets of Unified Land Operations describe the Army’s approach to generating and
applying combat power in operations.
10Slide11
Operational Art
Operational Art
is the use of
critical and creative thinking by commanders and staffs to design strategies, campaigns, major operations, battles, and engagements to organize and employ military forces.
Elements of Operational Art
End state and conditionsCenter of GravityDecisive PointsLines of Operation and Lines of EffortOperational reachBasing
TempoPhasing and transitionsCulminationRisk
Operational ArtThe pursuit of strategic objectives, in whole or in part, through the arrangement of tactical actions in time, space, and purpose.
Applies to all aspects of operations and integrates the ends, ways, and means, while accounting for risk, across levels of war.Spans a continuum – from comprehensive strategic direction to concrete tactical actions.
Army commanders plan and execute major operations, battles, engagements, and activities to achieve military objectives in support of the joint force commander’s campaign plan.
The Army does not
conduct campaigns. Joint force headquarters plan and execute campaigns and major operations, while Service components of joint forces conduct subordinate supporting and supported major operations, battles, and engagements,
not independent campaigns
. JP 5-0, page II-22.
11Slide12
Operations Process
The major
Mission Command
activities performed during operations are: Planning
Preparing
ExecutingContinuously AssessingThese activities are not discrete; they overlap and recur as circumstances demand.The Army’s overarching framework for exercising mission command.Commanders drive the operations process through the activities of
UnderstandingVisualizingDescribingDirecting
LeadingAssessing
Army Leaders employ three Planning Methods
Army Design Methodology
Military Decision Making Process (MDMP)Troop Leading Procedures (TLP)
12Slide13
Operational Framework
The
Operational Framework
has three ways to conceptually organize operations.
Decisive-Shaping-Sustaining-Operations
Lends itself to a broad conceptual orientation based on purpose.Deep-Close-Security OperationsHistorically associated with
terrain orientation but can also be applied to temporal and organizational orientations. ADRP 3-0 defines deep, close, and rear areas.Main and Support Efforts
Framework focuses on prioritizing effort among subordinate units.
Example of Deep-Close-Security Operational Framework
13Slide14
Elements of Combat Power
Intelligence
Fires
Sustainment
Protection
Movement and Maneuver
Mission Command
INFORMATION
LEADERSHIP
The Warfighting Functions align with Joint operational and tactical functions and parallels the USMC Warfighting Functions.
The
eight
elements of
Combat Power
include the
six
Warfighting Functions multiplied by
Leadership
and complemented by
Information
.
14Slide15
Learning Objective
15
Action
: Analyze Unified Land Operations(ULO)
Conditions:
Senior HR Leaders in a classroom environment working individually and as a member of a small group, using doctrinal and administrative publications, practical exercises, case studies, personal experience, handouts, and discussion with an awareness of the Operational Environment (OE) variables and actors.Standard: Analysis includes:1. The Army’s Operational Concept.2. Foundations and tenets of Unified Land Operations.
3. Components of the Operational Art, Process, and Framework.