Chapter 11 Managing Human Resource Systems - PowerPoint Presentation

Chapter 11 Managing Human Resource Systems © 2015 Cengage Learning MGMT7

© 2015 Cengage Learning 11-1 explain how different employment laws affect human resource practice 11-2 explain how companies use recruiting to find qualified job applicants 11-3 describe the selection techniques and procedures that companies use when deciding which applicants should receive job offers 11-4 describe how to determine training needs and select the appropriate training methods 11-5 discuss how to use performance appraisal to give meaningful performance feedback 11-6 describe basic compensation strategies and discuss the four kinds of employee separations

The Human Resource Management Process © 2015 Cengage Learning

Federal Employment Laws © 2015 Cengage Learning Employers may not discriminate in employment decisions based on sex, age, religion, color, national origin, race, disability. Bona fide occupational qualification (BFOQ) “reasonably necessary to the normal operation of that particular business.” 11-1

Major Federal Employment Laws Equal Pay Act of 1963Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978 Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 Civil Rights Act of 1991 Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act of 1994© 2015 Cengage Learning11-1

Adverse Impact and Employment Discrimination Disparate treatmentAdverse impact The four-fifths rule © 2015 Cengage Learning 11-1

Sexual Harassment © 2015 Cengage Learning A form of discrimination in which unwelcome sexual advances, request for sexual favors, or other verbal or physical conducts of a sexual nature occurs. Quid pro quo sexual harassment Hostile work environment 11-1

What Should Managers Do? Respond immediatelyWrite a clear sexual harassment policyEstablish clear reporting procedures Be aware of local and state laws and enforcement agencies © 2015 Cengage Learning 11-1

Job Analysis and Recruiting © 2015 Cengage Learning A purposeful, systematic process for collecting information on the important work-related aspects of a job. Work activities Tools and equipment used to do to the job Context in which the job is performed The personnel requirements for performing the job11-2

Results of Job Analysis Job descriptiona written description of the basic tasks, duties, and responsibilities required of an employee holding a particular jobJob specificationa summary of the qualifications needed to successfully perform a job © 2015 Cengage Learning 11-2

Using Job Analysis, Descriptions, Specifications Used throughout the staffing process to ensure that selection devices and decisions are job-related. Job analyses, descriptions, and specifications help companies meet legal requirements that HR decisions be job-related. © 2015 Cengage Learning 11-2

Internal Recruiting The process of developing a pool of qualified job applicants from people who already work within the company.Job postingCareer path © 2015 Cengage Learning 11-2

External Recruiting Process of developing a pool of qualified job applicants from outside the company. AdvertisingEmployee referrals Walk-ins Outside organizations Employment services Special events Internet job sites© 2015 Cengage Learning11-2

Selection Selectionthe process of gathering information about job applicants to decide who should be offered a jobValidation the process of determining how well a selection test or procedures predict future job performance © 2015 Cengage Learning 11-3

Application Forms and Résumés Application forms may only ask for valid, job-related informationRésumés pose a problem because of false data. © 2015 Cengage Learning 11-3

References and Background Checks Employment referencescontacting previous employers or coworkers to learn more about the candidateBackground checks used to verify accuracy of information that applicants provide about themselves © 2015 Cengage Learning 11-3

Getting Background Information Conduct criminal record checksAsk applicants to sign a waiver to check references, run a background check, or contact people with knowledge of work historyAsk applicants if there is anything they want the company to knowConsider hiring a private investigator © 2015 Cengage Learning 11-3

Selection Tests Specific ability testsCognitive ability testsBiographical data (biodata)Work sample tests (performance tests) Assessment centers in-basket exercise leaderless group discussion © 2015 Cengage Learning11-3

Don’t Ask! Topics to Avoid in an Interview 11-3 © 2015 Cengage Learning Children Age Disabilities Physical Characteristics Name Citizenship Lawsuits Arrest records Smoking AIDS/HIV

Clerical Test Items Similar to Those Found on the Minnesota Clerical Test 11-3 © 2015 Cengage Learning

Interviews Unstructured interviewsStructured interviews Semistructured interviews © 2015 Cengage Learning11-3

Structured Interview Questions Situational questionsBehavioral questionsBackground questions Job-knowledge questions © 2015 Cengage Learning 11-3

Guidelines for Conducting Effective Structured Interviews 11-3 © 2015 Cengage Learning

Training and Training Needs Trainingproviding opportunities for employees to develop the job-specific skills, experience, and knowledge they need to do their jobs or improve their performanceNeeds assessment the process of identifying and prioritizing the learning needs of employees © 2015 Cengage Learning 11-4

Training Objectives and Methods 11-4 © 2015 Cengage Learning

E-Learning Advantages reduce travel costs increase productivity decrease employee stressDisadvantages not always the appropriate method not effective for changing behavior or developing problem- solving skills require significant investment in technology many employees find it boring and unengaging © 2015 Cengage Learning11-4

Evaluating Training ReactionsLearningBehavior Results © 2015 Cengage Learning 11-4

Performance Appraisal The process of appraising how well employee are doing their jobs. © 2015 Cengage Learning 11-5

Accurately Measuring Job Performance Objective performance measuresmeasures of performance that are easily and directly counted or quantified (output, scrap, sales, etc)Subjective performance measures require that someone judge or assess a worker’s performance © 2015 Cengage Learning 11-5

Subjective Performance Appraisal Scales © 2015 Cengage Learning 11-5

Rater Training Frame-of-reference traininga group of trainees learns how to do performance appraisals by watching a video of an employee at work and then evaluating the person’s performancea trainer shares his or her evaluations, and trainees’ evaluations are compared with experts’expert explains his or her evaluation process repeated until the differences are minimized © 2015 Cengage Learning 11-5

Sharing Performance Feedback 360-degree feedbackfeedback comes from four sources: the boss, subordinates, peers and coworkers, and the employees themselves© 2015 Cengage Learning 11-5

What to Discuss in a Performance Appraisal Feedback Session © 2015 Cengage Learning 11-5

Improving Performance Reviews Separate developmental feedback from administrative feedbackPerformance appraisal feedback sessions should be based on employee self-appraisals What people do with the feedback matters; it helps if people discuss their performance feedback with others, and discuss it with people who provided it © 2015 Cengage Learning 11-5

Compensation The financial and nonfinancial rewards that organizations give employees in exchange for their work.© 2015 Cengage Learning 11-6

Compensation Decisions Pay-level decisionsDecisions about whether to pay workers at a level above, below, or at current market wages.Job evaluationdetermines the worth of each job by determining market value of skills required to perform it © 2015 Cengage Learning 11-6

Compensation Decisions Pay-variability decisionsThe extent to which employees’ pay varies with individual and company performancePiecework Commission Profit sharing Employee stock ownership plans (ESOP) Stock options © 2015 Cengage Learning11-6

Compensation Decisions Pay-structure decisionsConcerned with internal pay distributionHierarchical pay structuresCompressed pay structures © 2015 Cengage Learning 11-6

Employment Separation A broad term covering the loss of an employee for any reason. Involuntary separationVoluntary separation © 2015 Cengage Learning 11-6

Terminating Employees In most situations, firing should not be the first option.Employees should be fired only for a good reason (wrongful discharge).Employees should always be fired in private. © 2015 Cengage Learning 11-6

Downsizing The planned elimination of jobs in a company.May actually decrease productivity and lead to loss of skilled workers. © 2015 Cengage Learning 11-6

Guidelines for Conducting Layoffs Provide clear reasons and explanations for the layoffs. To avoid laying off employees with critical or irreplaceable skills, knowledge, and expertise, get input from human resources, the legal department, and several levels of management. Train managers in how to tell employees that they are being laid off (i.e., stay calm; make the meeting short; explain why, but don’t be personal; and provide information about immediate concerns such as benefits, finding a new job, and collecting personal goods). © 2015 Cengage Learning 11-6

Guidelines for Conducting Layoffs Give employees the bad news early in the day, and try to avoid laying off employees before holidays.Provide outplacement services and counseling to help laid-off employees find new jobs. Communicate with employees who have not been laid off to explain how the company and their jobs will change. © 2015 Cengage Learning 11-6

Retirement Early retirement incentive program (ERIP)offer financial benefits to employees to encourage them to retire early. reduces number of employees, lowers costs, creates new openings Phased retirement employees transition to retirement by working reduced hours before completely retiring © 2015 Cengage Learning11-6

Employee Turnover The loss of employees who choose to leave the company. Functional turnoverDysfunctional turnover © 2015 Cengage Learning 11-6

Barcelona Restaurant Group 1. List the three main activities of human resource management (HRM) and identify which activity is examined at length in the video. 2. Of the various steps in Barcelona’s employee selection process, the job interview is the most brief. Do you agree with the company’s approach to interviewing? Why or why not? 3. Describe Barcelona’s three-stage process for matching job applicants with its organizational objectives, and explain how each stage reveals the fit between job applicants and the needs of the restaurant. © 2015 Cengage Learning