D18 Explain the short and longterm impacts of landfills and incineration of waste materials on the quality of the environment Learning Targets I can explain how an incinerator works I can explain the shortterm environmental effects of an incinerator ID: 314896
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Slide1
IncineratorsSlide2
D18
Explain the short- and long-term impacts of landfills and incineration of waste materials on the quality of the environment.Slide3
Learning Targets
I can explain how an incinerator works.I can explain the short-term environmental effects of an incinerator.I can explain the long-term environmental effects of an incinerator.Slide4
What is an incinerator?
A building designed to burn solid waste at extremely high temperatures (as high as 2000° C)Accounts for 14% of US waste disposalThe burning of refuse drastically reduces the volume of the solid waste.Slide5Slide6
Incinerator ProcessSlide7Slide8
The heat generated by the process is captured to create
steam to turn turbines to produce electricity.How does an incinerator make energy?Slide9
How a Waste-to-energy plant works
Video ClipSlide10
How Much MSW can be Incinerated?
Virtually all of the contents of the municipal solid waste stream are combustible at the high temperatureExamples of combustible material include paper, food, yard waste, plastic, rubber, and wood.Non-combustible materials in the waste stream include glass, metals, ceramics, and clay.Slide11
Problems with Incinerators
Makes landfills more toxicUse the ash as the daily cover layerAir PollutionLack of monitoring
Toxic metals (mercury, arsenic, lead, cadmium, etc.)
Acid Gases (Hydrogen Fluoride, Hydrochloric Acid, Sulfuric Acid)
Particulate
matter – health effects
Nitrogen Oxides (NOx), Sulfur Oxides (SOx)Slide12
Destroys
materials instead of recyclingGlobal warming contribution worse than zero waste solutionsMakes the problem "invisible" rather than making it very visible
Very costly to build (up to $200 million)
Problems with
IncineratorsSlide13
Benefits of Incinerators
Ash has virtually no groundwater contamination risk if landfill is properly designedSmaller amount of land neededDoes not have to be capped offThey can be used continuouslyDumping in landfills is becoming expensive which makes incinerators more cost-effectivePossible solution to the nation’s energy needsSlide14
Reduces the amount of waste that must be landfilledAllows us to use the non-recyclable trash
Benefits of IncineratorsSlide15
Learning Target Checkpoint
How does an incinerator work?What are the short-term environmental effects of an incinerator?What are the long-term environmental effects of an incinerator?