PPT-Research Methods Reasoning Fallacies

Hindsight bias Tendency to believe after learning an outcome that one would have foreseen it The I knew it all along phenomenon Ex After the Packers lost on Sunday people thought I knew all along theyd lose even if they didnt. Ad Hominem, Appeal to Emotions, False Dilemma, Appeal to the People, Scare Tactic, False Cause, Hasty Generalization, Red Herring, and Traditional Wisdom. What is a Fallacy?. According to Webster’s Dictionary, a fallacy is an error in reasoning or a flawed argument.. Fallacies. The ten deadly fallacies. Ad . Ignorantiam. Claiming something is true. because it cannot be proved to be false. Hasty generalization. Generalizing from insufficient evidence. Post hoc ergo propter hoc. redux. . Part . II: Analogical Reasoning . Homework. Informal Fallacies. pp. 103-105, §4.1 “Fallacies in General” . pp. 121-131, §4.3 “Fallacies of Weak Induction”. Review:. Induction. Analogical Reasoning, e.g., ex. 8.4. Informal Fallacy Guide. Evaluating Arguments. The primary task of critical thinking is to identify arguments and to evaluate them.. There are two basic ways of evaluating arguments.. One technique is to evaluate the logical form of an argument by abstracting on its content, and analyzing the structure of the argument in order to determine if it is valid.. Sources: D. Jensen. “Research Methods for Empirical Computer Science.”. . William M.K. . Trochim. . “Research Methods Knowledgebase”. More on Causality. What is causality?. What’s Important About Causality?. By: Lauren Smith. 7:Appeal to emotion . This . fallacy is committed when someone manipulates peoples' emotions in order to get them to accept a claim as being . true. This . sort of "reasoning" involves the substitution of various means of producing strong emotions in place of evidence for a claim. Introduction and Activities. What is a logical fallacy?. A fallacy is an error of reasoning. These are flawed statements that often sound true. Logical fallacies are often used to strengthen an argument, but if the reader detects them the argument can backfire, and damage the writer’s credibility . November . 11. Composition 3.4. Study Island!. Literary Analysis and Composition 2014-2015. Composition 3.4. What . are. . our lesson . objectives?. Identify and use the steps in the writing process: prewriting, writing, and revising.. Reasoning . Reasoning and Persuasion. Ethos, Pathos, Logos. Character, Emotion, and Logic. Mythos . Folk knowledge; interrelated set of beliefs, attitudes, values, and feelings held by members of a particular society/culture. . by Auguste Rodin. Rationalism. in its modern sense, . rationalism. is any view appealing to reason as a source of knowledge or justification. it is a method of justifying beliefs in which the criterion of the truth is not sensory but intellectual and logical. What is a fallacy?. A fallacy is an error in reasoning. Including fallacies in your writing will weaken your argument. . Why is it important to . know about logical fallacies?. If you know about fallacies, and the different kinds of logical fallacies, you will be able to do two things.. Things you believe. that you can justify. that are true. Statements that you believe. that you can justify within some system of justification to the satisfaction of most people who operate within that system.. What is a fallacy? . What is a fallacy?. A . failure in logical reasoning. A . misleading or unsound argument. .. Argumentative structure – Claim, Evidence, (Warrant). A . misleading or untrue WARRANT. S. ession & Syllabus. Session. Topics. Descriptions. Lecturer. 1. 4 Sep 2014. Introduction. & Prologue. Dosen. PJ. 2. 11 Sep. . 2014. Recognizing Fallacies. Looking at deceptive arguments, or fallacies.