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Section 1 “Europeans Explore the East” Section 1 “Europeans Explore the East”

Section 1 “Europeans Explore the East” - PowerPoint Presentation

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Uploaded On 2019-02-05

Section 1 “Europeans Explore the East” - PPT Presentation

Chapter 19 For God Glory and Gold Europeans Seek New Trade Routes Main reason for exploration is to gain wealth Contact during Crusades spurs demand for Asian goods Muslims and Italians control trade from East to West ID: 750230

dutch trade india portugal trade dutch portugal india exploration portuguese compass asia asian africa sails control gains english spain navigation spread astrolabe

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Presentation Transcript

Slide1

Section 1“Europeans Explore the East”

Chapter 19Slide2

For “God, Glory, and Gold”

Europeans Seek New Trade Routes

Main reason for exploration is to gain wealth

Contact during Crusades spurs demand for Asian goods

Muslims and Italians control trade from East to West

Other European nations want to bypass these powersSlide3

The Spread of Christianity

The desire to spread the religion motivates Europeans to explore

Portuguese explorer Bartolomeu Dias wants to serve God and kingSlide4

Crusades

Demand for luxury items

Break Italian & Muslim monopoly

Find alternate routes to Asia

Feudalism over—adventure

Curiosity about the world (Renaissance)

Spread ChristianitySlide5

Magnetic compass

Sextant

Astrolabe

Quadrant

Stern Rudder

Better ships

Better MapsSlide6

Technology Makes Exploration Possible

In 1400s the caravel makes it possible to sail against windSlide7

Technology Makes Exploration Possible

Astrolabe makes navigation easier

Used to determine altitude of stars

Magnetic compass improves tracking of directionSlide8

The astrolabe was eventually replaced by the sextant.Slide9
Slide10

Another nice innovation was the compass from China.

First Chinese mention of something like a compass is about 70 AD. First mention of one used for navigation is 1119.Slide11

New triangular sails were another big deal. They allowed ships to travel against the wind by tacking (zig-zagging).Slide12

Portugal Leads the Way

The Portuguese Explore Africa

Prince Henry supports exploration

In 1419, he founds navigation school on coast of Portugal

By 1460, there are trading posts along west coast of AfricaSlide13

Portuguese Sailors Reach Asia

1488 – Bartolomeu Dias sails around the southern tip of Africa

1498 – Vasco da Gama sails to India

1499 – da Gama returns to Portugal with valuable cargoSlide14
Slide15

Spain Also Makes Claims

A Rival Power

Columbus sails for Spain

Reaches the Americas instead of Asia

Opens Americas to exploration and colonizationSlide16

Treaty of Tordesillas

1493 – Pope decides to divide these lands between Spain and Portugal with an imaginary line through the Atlantic Ocean

1494 – agreement formalized by the Treaty of Tordesillas Slide17

Trading Empires in the Indian Ocean

Portugal’s Trading Empire

1509 – Portugal defeats Muslims, takes over Indian Ocean trade

1510 – Portugal captures Goa, port city in western India

1511 – Portugal seizes Malacca, in Malay Peninsula

These gains break Muslim-Italian hold on Asian tradeSlide18

Other Nations Challenge the Portuguese

English and Dutch begin moving into Asia in the 17

th

century

Dutch have more ships than any other nation in 1600

Dutch and English weaken Portuguese control of Asian trade

Dutch then overpower English

Form Dutch East India Company for Asian TradeSlide19

European Trade Outposts

1619 – Dutch set up trade headquarters at Batavia, on Java

Throughout 1600s, Dutch trade grows

Amsterdam, Dutch capital, becomes wealthy city

Dutch also control southern tip of Africa

England’s East India Company gains strength in India

France also gains trade foothold in India